In qaar ka mid ah operas Chaliapin gabyeen doorka hogaanka? "The Yartoy of Pskov" (Ivan Grozny), "Life for Tsar ah" (Ivan Susanin), "Mozart iyo Salieri" (Salieri)

Fahamka taariikhda, masraxa muusikada Ruush waa wax aan macquul aheyn oo aan tixgelin operas dadweynaha Chaliapin gabyeen doorka maamulaha. Fanaanada Tani waxay aad u fiican ayaa saamayn weyn ku dhaqan dunida qoyska, laakiin sidoo kale ma aha oo kaliya. Way adag tahay in ay qiimayn dheeraad uu kaalin ka qaato horumarka ee opera qaranka. Isaga oo guul cajiib ah dibedda ka qayb qaatay fiditaanka iyo popularization ee ma aha oo kaliya music Ruushka classical laakiin sidoo kale dad, song abuurka dad.

Qaar ka mid ah xaqiiqooyinka taariikh nololeedkooda

Fedor Ivanovich Shalyapin ku dhashay Kazan ee 1873. Fanaanada Future qoyska soo ridayeen a yimid. dugsiga kaniisadda maxalliga ah wuxuu ka qalin jabiyay, ilmo ku gabyeen in heesta kiniisadda. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ay sabab u tahay xaaladda adag tahay dhaqaale muddo ah ayuu bartay farsamada. Muddo ka dib, ninkii dhallinyarada ahaa soo galeen dugsiga Arskoe ah. Bilowgii mustaqbalkiisa ciyaareed ay sabab u tahay imaanshiyaha Hobollada Serebryakov ah, halkaas oo uu marka hore ku gabyeen xisbiyada yar ka qayb gabay qasiidooyinka.

In 1890, Fedor Ivanovich Shalyapin u tageen inay Ufa, halkaas oo uu ku qoran Hobollada operetta ah. Halkan wuxuu bilaabay inuu Solo qabtaan. Afar sano ka dib uu u wareegay Moscow, ka dibna - caasimada Imperial, halkaas oo uu ku helay in masraxa ugu weyn. Halkan uu ciyaaray doorka waajihid gudaha iyo midda dibadda labadaba. talantigii ka mid ah oo gabayaa ahaa dhallinyaro ah isla markiiba soo jiidatay dadkii ugu kaliya ma ahan guud dhaleecayn guud, laakiin sidoo kale. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, inkastoo ay u kaca ee dadka, Chaliapin dareemay xoogaa ay adkeyd, waayo, wuxuu u baahnaydeen xoriyad iyo wax-qabadka shakhsiga.

xirfadiisa Hore

Ujeedadu waxay ka leexdo iyo nolosha oo gabayaa ahaa ka dhacay ka dib markii uu yaqaan la millionaire iyo farshaxanka Ruush sokoeye caanka Savva Mamontov. isaga oo markii ugu horeysay la kulmay uu search talanti oo qortay in uu shirkadda ugu fiican kuwii gabayaaga ahaa, fannaaniin iyo fanaaniinta. In magaaladan qaab Chaliapin bilaabay waxqabadka doorka horyaalka ee opera ee Ivan Susanin Glinka "Life for Tsar ah" ka. waxqabadka waxa uu ahaa guul weyn, waxaana uu door muhim in mustaqbalkiisa artist ee, waayo, waa goob this, ayaa shaaca ka qaaday tayadiisa aad u weyn sida jilaa ah waa music classical Ruush, taas oo uu si fiican u dareemay oo lagu fahmay.

Markaas Savva casuumay oo gabayaa ahaa inuu shirkad gaar loo leeyahay. Waxa uu doonayay inuu abuuro tiyaatarka a Ruush qaranka muusikada, oo sidaas daraaddeed si gaar ah uga walaacsan in si ay u soo jiitaan ah fanaaniinta ugu kartida badan.

ubax ee hal-abuurka

Mamontov Opera ayaa door caan ah dhaqanka Ruush. Xaqiiqada ah in operas loo gaaro marxalad this gaar ah, oo aan sameeyey in tiyaatarada dawladdu leedahay tagaan. Tusaale ahaan, tani waa meesha Ciyaar shaqada cusub by Rimsky-arrimo ee "Mozart iyo Salieri". doorka dambe ee xaliyay ciyaaray Chaliapin. Guud ahaan, tiyaatarka this cusub ayaa loogu talagalay in kor loogu qaado music wakiilada oo ka mid ah "Big Five". Oo waa in waajihid this kordhiyo Muujin talantigii ka mid ah oo gabayaa ahaa.

Si aad u fahamto sida loo badan ayaa isbedelay doorka artist this aad u fiican, kaliya inay taxaan operas dadweynaha ku filan Chaliapin gabyeen doorka maamulaha. Wuxuu bilaabeen inay gabyaan inta badan opera Ruush, uu soo jiitay in composers music xoog leh, awood iyo riwaayado kuwa shuqulladiisa ku qoray taariikhi ah, Tacaddi iyo fantastic. yabban dad dhaqanka gaar ahaan jeclaa oo gabayaa ahaa, iyo farshaxanka taariikhda Ruush qadiimiga jiidatay ay picturesque iyo qoto dheer. Waxa ay ahayd inta lagu jiro xilliga this uu noolaa (1896-1899 sannad xisaabeedka). Waxa uu soo bixitaankii masraxa tiro ka mid ah images cajiib ah. Oo mid ka mid ah ugu weyn ee shuqulladiisii stage waxay ahayd doorka Ivana Groznogo kitaabkii Rimsky-arrimo.

mawduucyada Historical in shuqullada

opera The "The Yartoy of Pskov" waxay ku salaysan tahay dhacdo taariikhi ah oo uu leeyahay goob af badan oo firfircoon iyo waqti isku mid ah si qoto dheer fikriga ah ee image boqorka iyo dadkii degganaa magaalada. Music of alaabta this waxaa haboon for fursadaha codka iyo farshaxanka ah oo gabayaa ahaa. In door ah taliyaha, wuxuu ahaa mid aad u qanci karo iyo dhegeysiga, si ay shaqo this mid ka mid ah kuwa ugu muhiimsan ee uu xirfadiisa ku ahaa. Later, wuxuu xitaa xiddig ee filimka, martigeliso on alaabta this. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sababta oo ah gabayaa ahaa ma qaadan qiimaha madax banaan shaneemo, waxaa la dhowaad ma saaro, iyo filimka koowaad ma mudan yihiin aqoonsado loona saxiixo muhiim ah.

Features of qaab

waa in aad sheeg qiimaynta Ujeedada shaqada oo gabayaa ahaa ee, kaas oo operas Chaliapin gabyeen doorka maamulaha. Waxaa xusid mudan in badan oo iyaga ka mid ah. opera The "The Yartoy of Pskov" waxa uu noqday mid ka mid ah kuwa ugu muhiimsan ee mustaqbalkiisa ciyaareed. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, wuxuu noqday caan ah, iyo tiro ka mid ah qaab kale oo aad u fiican. Muddadan wuxuu ka fikiray waajihid weyn ee opera Ruush, kaas oo si gaar ah mahad, iyo lifaaqan muhiimadda ugu weyn ee horumarinta dunida ka mid ah, masraxa muusikada. Saffarro xusay in ay caanka ah ee oo gabayaa ahaa sharaxayaa ma aha oo kaliya uu awoodiisa la yaab leh codka, laakiin sidoo kale artistry, awooda inuu la qabsado doorka iyo gudbiyaan codka oo dhan Gudigga wanaagsan ee laxniga.

Dhaleeceyn ogaaday in uu dareemay luqadda wanaagsan muusikada oo burburiyey. Intaa waxaa dheer, Chaliapin ahaa actor masrixiyada ku fiican, ie, iyada oo wajiga iyo jidh ka gudbiyaan oo dhan sifooyin nafsi ah oo qof oo asal. Fanaanada weyn ee Reer lahaa talanti for reincarnation. Tusaale ahaan, wuxuu u ciyaari karaa mid play doorar badan. xirfad Tani waxay si gaar caan ah iyo Feodor Chaliapin.

"Boris Godunov" - Opera, halkaas oo uu boqorkii dalka ee xisbiga iyo wadaad Pimen gabyeen. Qaab lagu gartaa muujin shacuurta gaar ah, tan iyo door kasta, wuxuuna ka mid ahaa awoodin in ay heli af cusub muusikada. Mussorgsky ahaa laxamiistaha ugu jeceshahay.

dhacdooyin

codka Chaliapin ee - Bass sare. Inkastoo uu caan ku tahay qaab qaybaha ugu horrayn riwaayado noqday, si kastaba ha ahaatee, oo wuxuu lahaa oo dareen wanaagsan oo kaftan, iyo sida artist weyn ku riyaaqay doorka ciyaaro comedic sida Don Basilio in opera ee "The Barber ee Seville."

Tayadiisa ahaa wajiyo badan, oo isna wuxuu ku gabyeen qurux badan oo marmar ah dhinacyada, sida in opera Glinka ee. Waxa intaa dheer in uu ku soo bilowday ciyaarta "Life A for Tsar ah", ayuu door mid ka mid ah geesiyaal shuqullada kale ee. Tani mise yar en goobta waxaa wanaagsan xusay by dhaleecayn, kuwaas oo sheegay in actor wuxuu ahaa awoodaan in ay si sax ah u gudbiyo image cajiib ah hubka ee Faanka badan.

door kale oo yar yar, laakiin calaamad - Xisbiga Norman martida in uu noqday Muddaadaas ee gabayaa ahaa, iyo sanamkii la mid ah Miller ka opera kale heer sare ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ku salaysan uu waajihid sii qaybo riwaayado halis ah. Waa in la si gaar ah u shaqo ee opera "Mozart iyo Salieri". Shaqada Tani waa qolkii ka duwan qaab, kuwa oo uu ka hor ka qayb. Si kastaba ha ahaatee Chaliapin halkan qudhiisu kala duwanaayeen sida artist weyn, qaab ciyaareed weyn oo line Bass ah.

In ka sano ee ugu horeeya ee qarniga 20aad

Habeeynimadii of kacaanka ugu horeysay ee Russian, oo gabayaa ahaa hore u ahaa mid aad loo jecel yahay. Inta lagu jiro wakhtigan uu gabyaa Qoomka song abuurka in helay in uu qaab xiriiri gaar ah. Of gaar ah caan helay song "Dubinushka", taas oo shaqaalaha u dhiibay dhawaaq kacaan. Ka dib markii Bolsheviks in ay awood u yimid sanadkii 1917 Chaliapin noqday hoggaamiyaha Tiyaatarka Mariinsky ah Qolyihii la darajo ah Faneed Dadka Jamhuuriyadda. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sababta oo ah tours dibada joogta ah iyo deeqaha ay guushu ku ah oo reer binu waddanka u soo guurey waxaa lagu tuhunsan yahay naxariis, waayo, boqortooyada. Tan iyo 1922, oo gabayaa ahaa noolaa oo dibadda kormeeray, taas oo uu ka furteen horyaalka ee Artist Dadka.

haajirid

In 1920-1930, oo gabayaa ahaa kormeeray, hadlayay gudaha ma aha oo kaliya, laakiin sidoo kale waajihid shisheeye. In sifeeyay muddo this ee uu shaqada waa tilmaamaya in taas operas Chaliapin gabyeen doorka maamulaha. Sidaas daraaddeed, isaga u laxamiistaha Faransiis ah Jules Massenet qoray opera "Don Quixote." Fanaanada ayaa door iyo xiddig ee filimka.

Chaliapin dhintay 1938 ka cudur halis ah, oo waxaa lagu aasay France, laakiin goor dambe soo haray ayaa lagu qaadaa dalka. In 1991, uu Ottawa degenaa bogsatay horyaalka ee Artist Dadka.