Iagu aluminium ee guriga

Iagu aluminium (alaabta birta this) waxaa lagu fuliyaa si ay u nadiifiso ka dusha sare, ama lakabka aan loo baahnayn ee miridhku. Sidoo kale wali waxaa jira noocyo kala duwan oo ay ka - pickling tahay marka loo baahdo inuu xaradh qaab on dusha sare ee qaybaha biraha.

noocyada kala duwan ee Iagu

Iagu biraha guud ahaan, iyo gaar ahaan aluminium, waxay noqon kartaa mid ka mid ah laba nooc oo waaweyn: kiimikada iyo electroplating. Habka dambe waa la fuliyay oo kaliya tahay.

In kiimikada, wax soo saarka la dhigayaa in weel oo markii hore ku shubtay galay xal of Hydrochloric ama sulfuric acid. In si la mid ah waxaa lagu sameeyaa anmbarka billet aluminium alkali, tusaale sodium hydroxide.

A galvanic (haddii kale - electrolytic ama electrochemical) wuxuu dhacaa sabab u tahay batari koronto. Geedi socodka laftiisa waa la fuliyay qubeyska gaar ah, halkaas oo ay jiraan anode iyo cathode ah.

Next in la tixgeliyo hab kasta etch aluminium si faahfaahsan. Sidoo kale, aad u ogaato qaabka ugu ammaan ah ee guriga.

Iagu Acid aluminium

Sababo la xaqiiqada ah in habkan waxaa loo isticmaalaa aad u xoog badan acid, marka hore loo baahan yahay in ay u hoggaansamaan tallaabooyinka nabadgelyo ee kor u kacay marka la shaqaynayay iyaga. operator waa xidho gacno gashi, maaskaro, dufan. Waxaa muhiim ah in qolka meesha geedi socodka laftiisa waa la hawo wanaagsan. Anigoo aan lahayn xirfado gaar ah oo aan loo dawayn gaar ah la acids shaqeeyaan laguma talinayo.

Sida kor ku xusan, wax soo saarka la dhigayaa in weel aluminium la acid ah. Inta badan aluminium la Iagu kiimikada acid shaqeeya ee reagents soo socda: Hydrochloric ama sulfuric acid. By iyaga ficil la hydrogen la sii daayay biraha. Dusha, waxa ay u muuqataa sida soo socota: dusha Product waxaa lagu daboolayaa goobooyin yar. Laakiin, mabda ', taas waa laga hortagi karaa by daray in horay awooda qayb gaar ah. Sayidka, biraha la ilaaliyo by xumbo a film dhuuban.

A dhibic aad muhiim ugu ah dhammaan waxyaabaha pickling hawlgallada acid ee aluminium ka dhigay waa in si degdeg ah loo sameeyaa in ay dusha biraha laftiisa hadhay joogto ah.

Habka tilmaamay waxaa lagu talinayaa in weel qori ah, ama la taaban karo ka sameeyey. Xaaladdan oo kale ay dusha hoose waa in la damacsan yahay la dusiyeen acid u adkaysta si aanay u Burburiyaan derbiga markabka.

Habkani waxaa laga codsadaa in dhaqanka ma aha mid caadi ah.

Iagu of alkali aluminium

Xaaladaha intooda badan, marka habkan loo isticmaalo xal aqueous of hydroxide sodium (optionally leh ama aan lahayn lagu daro).

Oo waxaa loo isticmaalaa si aad u nadiifiso dusha sare ee wax soo saarka aluminium ama jilciyaha xabagta aan loo baahnayn iyo ka heli (dhalaalaya ama matte) dusha macaan.

Maxaad u baahan tahay si fiican loo nadiifiyo? Si aad alaabta la dhammeeyayna ay (tus, xubno naqshadda madaxtooyada, dabarro) lahaa dusha kaamil ah. Oo weliba, habkan loo isticmaalo xardho gravure.

Habka aluminium Iagu alkali on gacanta ku hal, waa ku filan yar yahay, laakiin waa waqti aad u gubaya.

Features ee habkan

xal Khusayso ka kooban afar iyo toban boqolkiiba hydroxide ah. Heerkulka ee anmbarka alkali ah wuxuu ku saabsan yahay 40-90 degrees Celsius.

Haddii loo baahdo, si aad u hesho daahan a xumbo iftiin on workpiece ah, codsatay tire ama dheeri gaar ah.

Celceliska heerkulka ku dhex jira geeddi-socodka ah - iyo lixdan degrees. Waxa uu ahaa hoos qaab kaamerada sida waa nadiifinta a dusha tayo.

tubta fiicnayn khayroon daahirnimo aluminium - 99.5%, iyo ka-fiirsashada ee xal hydroxide sodium - 10, 15, ama 20%.

Sidaas darteed, inta lagu guda jiro falcelinta ee aluminium kala diri ee hydroxide sodium ah, hydrogen la sii daayay. Natiijadu waxay tahay aluminate ah farcan, oo waxa keliya oo jirta in xalka alkali.

geeddi socodka dheeraad ah ka dhacaya Iagu soo alkali ah

Inta lagu jiro habkan, xaddiga hydroxide sodium si tartiib tartiib ah uu noqdo yar yar. Oo sidan hoos iyo xawaaraha socodka ee geedi socodka ah, laakiin waxay kordhisaa nafwaayay ah.

Waase in taangiga ma ku dari hydroxide sodium, falcelinta waxaa laga yaabaa in aad u gaabis ah. Laakiinse aakhirkeedu wuxuu u, ama xal cad brownish for anmbarka aluminium noqdo cad.

Iyo ka joogo in xawaaraha geedi socodka korodho.

reaction waxaa aloosnayd hydrate alumina, taas oo u eg slurry a. Oo weliba loo qoondeeyey hydroxide sodium, kaas oo sidoo kale loo baahan yahay in etch habka sii.

Natiijooyinka at habka loo arkaa

Experimentally qoraalkooda, in xal sodium hydroxide hoos xooggan ay codsiga ee geedi socodka Iagu bilaabmin in "uu u nuugo" aluminium. Oo waxaa dhacaya ilaa inta xaddiga Soodhaha waa la dhimay mid ka mid afraad ee mugga asalka ah. Iyo in ka dib markii habka ay sii wadi doonto Soodhaha free, laba labeyn in tirada ay. Tani, ka bacdi, waxay ku xiran tahay heerkulka, xoogga iyo inta jeer ee isticmaalka joogsato (joojis).

Xaaladdan oo kale, hydrate dagaanku si tartiib ah soo dadajin ama foomamka kiristaalo ayaa salka ku jira iyo / ama dhinacyada weelka. hydrate The sababtay waa ku filan cufan oo adag tahay in meesha laga saaro noqon doonaa. Mararka qaarkood wuxuu u huri, ay si toos ah u degaan on dusha sare ee gariiradda kulaylku.

Waxaa jira meel kale oo muhiim ah, kuwaas oo la xidhiidha to content ee aluminium. Inta lagu guda jiro Iagu of this waxyaabaha biraha hydroxide sodium waa in la raaco iyo ratio ee hydroxide aluminium. Maxaa yeelay, in ka badan oo aluminium, sidaa darteed habka uu noqon doono gaabis ah. In la eego wax ku ool ah waxaa iska cad in ay tahay lagama maarmaan ah in si joogto ah loo kordhiyo cadadka hydroxide sodium sida xaddiga aluminium in markabka.

Sidaas darteed, aluminium habka Iagu alkali in si joogto ah sii karin. khasaare A of Soodhaha dhici doonaa oo kaliya sababtoo ah ash way la shiilayo.

Habkani waxaa dhab codsatay in la eego wax ku ool ah. Laakiin waxaa jira qaar ka mid ah Gudigga, oo waa inaadan iloobin in waqti ka waqti si loo soo saaro hydrate ku faar engejiyey, nadiifiso filter ah; xusuusnow in weelka ay ku habka at joogto ah u isticmaalaya mar dambe ma shaqayn karo ka badan laba sano.

Ugu dambaysta, wax dhib ah oo ku saabsan codsiga ah ee habkan maaha mid loo muujiyey.

Total ka dib markii Iagu kiimikada ee dusha aluminium workpiece ee waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in si fiican biyo raaci iyo takhalusi fududeeyo isticmaalaya 15-20% xoog xal nitric acid. Nidaamkan waxaa loo yaqaan pickling.

Habka electroplating The

Habka labaad ee Iagu - galvanic. Waa sahlan oo dheeraad ah iyo waqti badan waa ka dhaqso. Oo natiijadu waa dusha a tayo aad u sare ee alaabta, dulmar cad sawirka (at habka Art sida dahaadhay noocyada).

feature ee habkan waa in ay isticmaasho ay il tamar koronto (4-5 B).

Waxaad sidoo kale u baahan doontaa qubeyska size this, si ay u haboon wax soo saarka ee aluminium. Qoraalkani wuxuu ku ah dhismaha qubeyska, in ay insulator ah. Qaab dhismeedka of qubeyska Iagu for aluminium - xal of sulphate copper iyo chloride sodium.

Ka hor inta aadan bilaabin hanaanka preform waa in la nadiifiyaa iyo degreased. Next, iyo waxa daasadda Alxan silig naxaas ah inuu wax soo saarka iyo waxa hoos u xal hydroxide sodium, ka dibna - in xal acid sulfuric. 2 daqiiqo ka dib oo ku maydhin gacanta socodka biyaha kulul. Waxaa mamnuuc ah markan inay taabtaan alaabta.

Haddii qaybo ka mid ah cawska workpiece ma loo baahan yahay si ay u codsan mastic ah. Markaas waxaad bilaabi kartaa hannaanka.

Habka Tani waxay khusaysaa laba wax-u taageero, taas oo waa in lagu lifaaqo anode ah (Qadafka positive) iyo cathode (negative) il awoodeed. Waxaa muhiim ah in taageerooyinka kuwaas oo la dhigay guud ahaan qubayska. On taageero la xidheen anode ee preform ka aluminium, iyo labaad - billet bir ah oo kala duwan.

All of this dhacaa qubeyska iyo dayactiro xaddi gaar ah oo wakhti. Intaas ka dib maydhay kiimi- darane doobrabatyvaetsya iyo nadiifinayo.

Iagu tahay

Noocan habka dahaadhay waa arrin caan ah oo maalmahan. waxaa la, oo aad samayn karto sawiro copyright, xaradhka, daabacayaa tahay, isku sharraxdid, waayo workpiece kasta oo bir ah.

Iyo natiijada ay tahay mid aad u cad, sawir qurux badan. Taasi micnaheedu waa in, shaqada qoraaga, oo aad naftaada ka tagi karo ama ku deeqdo.

image asalka ahaa laftiisa, waxaad sawiri kartaa print u gaar ah ama (iyadoo la isticmaalayo printer laser a) on warqad. Next, dushiisa of sharooto ah sticked warqad iyo raaci biyo kulul. Ka dib markii natiijada image waa in ay sii sharooto ah. Iska daa in ay qalalaan. Dhanka kale, baahida loo qabo in loo diyaariyo dusha biraha taas oo ah hannaanka waxaa laga codsadaa ah - degrease ay khamriga.

Markaasuu u ogolow in faashad gooye dushiisa of workpiece ah, sidaas waxaa sii daayo ka goobooyinka hawada. Bariyeelay xabagta mudac kulul xad-dhaaf ah oo aan loo baahnayn oo dhan, marka laga reebo image laftiisa.

Iagu waxaa lagu fuliyaa hab kaas oo horey u kor lagu sharaxay - plated.

Fiiro gaar ah: marka geedi socodka this u badan tahay in ay sii daayaan gaasas waxyeello, si ay dadku si wanaagsan uga bax qolka.

Sayidka, etch aluminium guriga waa macquul. Just hubi inaad u baahan tahay si ay u qabtaan dhamaan tallaabooyinka muhiim ah badbaadada!