Foomamka gaar ah fal luqad Ruush

Fal, sida qeyb ka madax banaan hadalka, ayaa tiro ka mid ah jilayaasha morphological. Mid ka mid ah sida calaamadaha joogtada ah ee falka waa foomka.

Guud ahaan, joogitaanka dabeecad nooca category ka mid ah luqadaha Slavic ah. Gaar ah noocyada falalka tixraac falalka la xidhiidha macquul ah waqti ee ay guddiga. In si kale loo dhigo, nooca fal taasoo la micno ah - dhamaystirmo ama incompleteness.

The falalka Ruush aad kaamil u ahaataan xasilooneyn nooc. view Perfect muujinaysaa tallaabo ah in labada hore u dhacay ama la dhamaystiri doono:

Dmitry (sameeyey?) Found in xaafadda this ugu dhakhsaha badan (sameeyey?) Si aad guri u dhiso.

noocyada xasilooneyn waa kala duwanaayeen xaqiiqada ah in tallaabo waa geeddi-socodka laftiisa, halkii xaqiiqda ah ee ay dhamaystirmo:

Waxay yihiin (waa maxay?) Carar kasta oo kale oo xagga. Children (ay sameeyaan?) Camal fali.

Fal noocan ah ayaa badanaa loo isticmaalaa hadal si uu u tilmaamo dhacdooyinka soo noqnoqda:

Eugene maalin (waa maxay?) Akhri buug ee English.

Peter subax kasta (waa maxay?) Goes in ay ka shaqeeyaan on foot.

foomamka gaar ah fal ee Ruush kala duwan ka kooban morphemic. fal Non-derivative in ay leeyihiin Horgalaha lahayn, inta badan tixraac maanka xasilooneyn iyo erayadii derivative - moyee. Iyo guurka ka mid foomka si kale, in kiisaska intooda badan waxaa la socda isbedel ku macnaha waxa weeyi iyada.

Aynu is barbar:

Iska yaree - waxa la sameeyo? - Nesov. in. Iska yaree - waxa la sameeyo? - gorayo daaqdo. in.,

Beddel - waxa la sameeyo? - Nesov. in. Bedel ku soo galay - waxa la sameeyo? - gorayo daaqdo. in.

Laakiin ma aha mar kasta oo macquul ah si loo ogaado ficilka ku morphemes joogitaanka ama maqnaanshaha preformative (horgalayaal iyo dabagalayaal) ah. Tusaale ahaan, fal qaar ka mid ah la sameeyey platformers jidka loo ilaalin foomka xasilooneyn:

(? Waa maxay) Si aad u tag - tag - iman - in ay u guuraan.

Fal noqonaya labada ciyaaryahan noocyada ay dhacdo in ay isku micno keli ah:

• lagu muujiyo - in lagu muujiyo,
• milmaan - midowdo;
• dhisi - dhisayo.

Xaaladaha intooda badan, waa qaab la mid ah xididka.

Fal in ay leeyihiin oo xididdada ka duwan in labo ka mid ah oo gaar ah, luuqada Ruushka waa mid aad u yar,

• hadlo - in la yidhaahdo;
• qaado - qaadan.

Xitaa ka yar u gaar ah noocyada fal in labada ciyaaryahan kaliya ee lahjadda ku kala duwan:

• gooyay - gooyaa.

fal badan oo aan haysan labo ka mid ah, waxaa loo yaqaannaa hal noocyada:

• gilgilay in weyrax (in Sov..);
• hurdo (in Sov..);
• jooga (Nessov. ee.).

Haddii erayga ku haboon in labada su'aalood: "Waxa la sameeyo?" Iyo "waxa la sameeyo?", Markaasuu ka hor oo naga mid ah fal dvuvidovoy. fal taana hooska macnaha, caadiga ah ee noociisa ah, ee macnaha guud ee dalab ah:

Man (waa maxay?) Isticmaalaa ma aha ilaa hadda ka mid ah maskaxda.

Si ay u tijaabiso aqoonta macalinka berri (in ka dhigi?) Isticmaalaa imtixaanada.

Sida aan ka soo homonyms sida helay fal vidovremennyh fiiri: khilaafkooda ma yihiin noocyada keliya, laakiin sidoo kale marka la eego waqtiga dhacdada.

Labada nooc oo fal leeyihiin qaar ka mid ah kala duwanaanshaha naxwe ahaaneed. Tusaale ahaan, qaab offline ka go'an sameeyaan wakhtiga la joogo, oo ah xasilooneyn - foomka waqtiga mustaqbalka ka kooban yahay laba eray.

Sidaas aqoonta kala duwan semantic iyo naxwe ahaan foomamka gaar ah loogu baahan yahay sax iyo in la muujin shacuurta hadalka sida loo isticmaalo ah aan habboonayn ee fal oo keliya ma keeni kara in ay dhalanrog ka mid ah macnaha, laakiin sidoo kale in ay qalad stylistic.