Followers ee Catherine Weyn. Grigory Orlov - jecel yahay ka mid ah Catherine Weyn

Inta lagu guda jiro boqortooyada Empress Catherine II hareeyeen sida miisaanka dhibaatooyinka bulshada in waajibo ee Empire Ruush ah, iyo qiyaasta ilaa haatan aan horay loo arag oo ah eex. kooxaha Young oo hareereeyey Empress ah, saamayn wayn xun ee siyaasadda gudaha iyo dibadda gobolka. The wakiillo ka socda ayaa ceegaagta dabaqa sare ee abtirsan bilaabay inuu doondoono faa'iido shakhsi dhex sasabashada ugu cadcad cusub ee Catherine weyn, sidaas darteedna ay wiiqaysaa oo dhan xeerarka anshaxa iyo xeerarka bulshada waqtiga. Dabcan, sinaba ma detract karaa muhiimada weyn ee horumarinta Russia, kaas oo xilligii boqornimadii Empress ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ma aynu ku tilmaami doonaa si faahfaahsan falalka gobolka iyo camal Catherine II, iyo isku dayi doonaa in aan u sheego oo ku saabsan nolosha shakhsiga ah ee qof dumar ah oo ka tagay calaamad dhab ah tirtiri karin ee taariikhda dalkeena.

Princess Fike

Mustaqbalka "nimcada Ilaah Empress iyo KT All-Ruush" Catherine, ayaa horay ka saffarro uu helay horyaalka "Great", waxa uu ku dhashay on April 21, 1729 ka dhacay magaalada Prussian of Stettin. Major General, Gaashaanle Sare ee Christian Prussian ciidanka August ee Anhalt-Zerbst iyo xaaskiisa, Johanna Elizabeth, waxaa la siiyey oo ahaa curadkiisii - a gabadhii - a magaca Jarmal qurux badan - Sophia Augusta Frederica. In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in waalidkeed ayaa la xidhiidha guryo badan baa boqornimada ee reer Europe (aabbihiisna wuxuu lahaa horyaalka ee Prince iyo xataa dambe noqday milkiilaha Duchy Jarmal ee Zerbst oo hooyadiis ayaa ku dhashay amiirad ah Holsten-Gottorp), iyada carruurnimada in yar sida qofka nool "dhiigga boqornimada" . Ku noolaanshaha guri caadi ah Jarmal, Fike, affectionately yeedhay waalidiinta gabadheeda, waxaa la diyaarin karaa gabar ka soo jeedaa qoys ganacsade ah waxbarasho waqti in guriga, taas oo qasab ka mid ah awoodda wax loo kariyo oo nadiif ah.

Bilow jidka "boqornimada"

In 1744, hoos bacdi boqorka Prussian Fridriha Velikogo, Sophia Augusta la hooyadeed ayaa sababa Empress Elizabeth, ayaa waxaa raadinaya aroosad wiilkiisii St. Petersburg waayo. In Russia, amiirad Jarmal maray xaflad ka baabtiiska iyo dhaqan Orthodox ee loo magacaabay Catherine A .. In 1745, waxa ay guursatay Peter Grand Duke ee Fedorovich, mustaqbalka Emperor Peter III. Nolosha qoyska nezaladilas dhalinyaro ah bilowgaba. kii dhaxalka lahaa carshiga, haddii sababta oo aan qaan gaarin ama dementia, ama si fudud ka "U codee" wuxuu ahaa mid aad u qabow naagtiisa. Xitaa on ay habeenkii arooska, ma uusan bixin si aroosadda dhallinyarada dareenka kasta. Waxay kala duwan dabeecad galmo karka, dareenka lab kaliya ee loo baahan yahay iyo, sida ay contemporaries, isla markiiba ka dib arooska bilaabay in ay si cad u rumowday Cavaliers ah.

The jacaylkaagii hore daran

Inta lagu guda jiro nolosha ninkeeda in Empress mustaqbalka muuqday lover qarsoon. Waxay noqday Sergey Vasilevich Saltykov (1726-1765), mudane sharaf leh ee qoyska ka mid ah princely, kuwaas oo lahaa darajo ee sirkaal ee Duke Grand ah. Saltykov waqtiga ay isbarteen jeestay 26 sano jir ah. Waxa uu noqday ugu jecel yahay ugu horeeya ee Catherine II iyo mid ka mid ah oo kaliya ee dhamaan kuwii ka weyn bay u badan. Xiriirka ka dhexeeya dadka dhallinyarada ah socday ka 1752 by 1754, dhalashada ina Catherine ka hor - kii dhaxalka lahaa carshiga - Paul Petrovich. saffarro badan oo loo aaneeyey Saltykov aabbanimada dhabta ah ee Paul. sidaas oo kale ah ama aan, lama yaqaan, ee Empress, kuwaas oo wararka xanta ah marnaba beeniyay. Sida Sergei Vasilyevich - uu isla sannadkaas waxaa la Ergayga Yurub, halkaas oo muddo dheer lagu hayaa ilaa waraaqo la jecel yahay diray. Waxaa la Saltykov waa bilaabi ay jecel Ingariiska ee Catherine weyn, kuwaas oo Wehbe ay si fiican u sii raagayaan ilaa maantadan la joogo.

Jacaylka Labaad: dhallinyarada Pole

Catherine, sida naag dhalinyaro ah, firfircoon, oo aad u addicting a si fudud oo aan keli ku sii yaabaa. In 1756, waxayna lahayd lover cusub. Waxay noqday Stanisław August Poniatowski (1732-1798), diblomaasi si fiican u bartay, ugu dhakhsaha badan si uu u noqdo safiirka Polish ee St. Petersburg. Sida laga soo xigtay warar xan ah, waxay ka timid macnaha guud, Empress mustaqbalka dhashay gabadh ee 1757. Anna ku dhintay da'da laba. Waxaa la og yahay in Peter Fedorovich ogaa oo ku saabsan xiriirka oo uu naagtiisa la dhallinyarada Pole ah, iyo waxa ka badan, waxay u taageertaa. soo horjeeda kaliya ee la taaban karo oo ka mid ah "adventures" ee Catherine noqday Empress talada haya - Elizaveta Petrovna. In 1758, ayay bartay ee la xiriira sharta walaashiis, waxay ahayd mid aad u cadhooday, oo amar ku bixiyay in si deg deg ah ergo dibna dib ugu diro Poland. Catherine ayaa la ilaashaa, xusuusta reer gacaliye, iyo ka dib kala qasbay. In 1764, waxa isagoo hore u Empress ka caawiyay Stanisław August si ay kor ugu carshiga Dhexe.

Gregory Orlov (1734-1783)

Waa maxay doorka sameeyey Grigoriy Grigorevich Orlov in qaddar ee naagtan? Waa maxay taariikhda noo sheeg? jecel Future of Catherine weyn waxa uu ku dhashay on October 17, 1734 oo qoyska ka mid ah ugu weyn ee guud fariistay - Grigory Ivanovich Orlov. Childhood Gregory iyo afar walaalihiis ka dhacay jawi jacaylka, wada noolaanshaha iyo diirimaad. Head of qoyska, kuwaas oo ahaa maamulka unquestioned, waligiis galay nooc kasta oo Dirirta, fadeexado lahayn. Orlov helay caadi ah oo loogu talagalay dadka uu goobo waxbarasho guriga, halkaas oo fiiro gaar ah la siiyey tababar milatari iyo tababar jireed. Brothers uga duwanaayeen inta badan dhiggooda dherer aad u dheer, sheekada geesinimada iyo xoog weyn. In 1749, Gregory galeen dalka St. Petersburg arday Corps, ka dib markii taas oo si deg deg ah uu ku qoran ee aqoonyahanada ilaalada guutada Semenov. Ninkii dhallinyarada ahaa nin qurux badan, wuxuu jeclaaday naago iyo lahaa hamiday ah adventures amorous. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, uu kala sooci waayo, geesinimada iyo geesinimada in ogolaatay in uu si deg deg ah ku kici inay ku darajo wayn ee darajo Sarreeye oo taga si aad qayb ka mid ah ciidanka in dagaalkii toddobadii sannadood ay.

guulahaas hubka

On mustaqbalka dagaalka jecel Catherine 2, Orlov tusay dagaalyahan aad u dhiirranow. Waxaa ka nasahan Gregory keenay dagaal lagu hoobtay oo u dhow tuulada Zorndorf Jarmalka, halkaas oo ay ciidamada dalka Ruushka ayaa la kulmay ciidamada Frederick Prussian Boqorka II. Intii lagu guda jiray dagaalka ku Guardsman quus muujiyeen geesinimo cajiib ah, degenaan cajiib ah oo dulqaadasho weyn. In ku dhaawacmeen saddex jeer, ayuu ku hadhay oo safafka, wuxuu isku tuuray galay qarada weyn oo ka mid ah dagaal iyo hagar la'aan Raziel cadowga. Faafidda news iyada oo waaweyn oo ka mid ah oo safafka askari geesi, Waxyoon dhammaan askartii Ruushka, iyo ciidankii Prussian ka adkaadeen oo kala eryeen. Waayo, dagaalka ee geesinimada iyo geesinimada Grigory Orlov ahaa salaan darajo kabtanka, iyo dagaal isaga hadda waa complete. Xaqiiqdu waxay tahay in adjutant intii uu socday dagaal ee zorndorf lagu qabtay Friedrich von Graf Schwerin. mission Xilkaska ah ee bixinta oo maxbuuska ah ayaa maxkamadda ee Empress Elizabeth, oo waxaa lagu aaminay in ay guardsman dhallinyarada.

Aqoon Empress mustaqbalka

In guga ee 1759 Gregory gaaray magaalada waqooyi, halkaas oo uu markiiba u salaamay by walaalihiis, Alexei iyo Fyodor, intii ka adeegi jirtay darajo ee u geeyeen saraakiishii iyo Semenovski Preobrazhensky ilaalada siday u kala horreeyaan regiments. Trinity lahaa xiiso by islana diyaafadda kuwa reyreeya, jacayl u quudhin oo kulan card. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, in 1760 Gregory ayaa ka soo dhaqaaqay madaafiic Guard iyo magacaabay adjutant gobta aad saameynta - Tiri Petra Ivanovicha Shuvalova. Marka ee xarunta of nolosha maxkamadda, doonteen Orlov la soddon sannadood ee Catherine, soo jiidasho iyo khabiir ku ah arrimaha jacaylka la kulmay, laakiin naagtii isku mar ku faraxsanayn ka cabanaya kelinimada iyo Dulli ninkeeda ka. Grigory kaabayaasha dhaqaale Empress mustaqbalka ee uu dhalinyarada, hamiday iyo adventurism. Muddo dheer lover u suurtagashay in ay qarin xiriirka ka Shisheeye ah.

Shirqool ka dhan ah Emperor ah

Orlov, lahaa sumcadda dadka geesi ah oo daacad ah, riyaaqay sharafta weyn ee regiments ilaalada, oo wakiil ka awood weyn iyo taageero awoodda boqornimo. Brothers in wadahadal lala yeesho saaxiibo, wuxuu bilaabay inuu abuuro image of shahiid ah Grand Duchess, si tartiib tartiib ah ay barbaro galeen in kooxdiisa tiro sii kordhaysa oo gobta ahaa iyo military. dabeecad is kibriya oo ah kii dhaxalka lahaa carshiga reer binu Peter, ayaa sidoo kale ka qayb qaatay in ay dadka. macquul koowaad waa a plotter afgambi, kuwaas oo ka mid hadda (Orlov) iyo mustaqbalka (G. Potemkin) Followers Catherine 2, soo bandhigay December 25, 1761, maalin ka mid ah dhimashada Elizabeth Empress ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Grand Duchess nafteeda joogay khasaare, waa argagax laga cabsado, oo xilligan lumay. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, wareer Catherine sabab ugu dhakhsaha badan noqday kuwa loo yaqaan. Waxay ahayd uur shan bilood ah, oo ka timi oo dhan ayaa ka war xaqiiqda ah in uu ahaa Gregory ilmaha aabbihiis. Wiil The waxa uu ku dhashay April 1762, ayaa loo magacaabay Alexei, uu ka helay horyaalka ee Tirinta oo noqday aasaasihii ah Bobrinskys qoyska sharaf leh.

inqilaab

The "tallaabo" horeysay Emperor Peter III (gabagabo nabadda la Prussia iyo kala dirka ah Guard, kaas oo ahaa halbowlaha ciidanka Ruush) ay keentay qanacsanayn weyn ee bulshada. Orlov oo walaalo ah, midoobeen cadho ciidamada, ay go'aansadeen in ay ku qaataan Habeenka of 27 on June 28 afgambi, ujeedada taas oo ahayd inay afgembiyaan gooyo. Aleksey Orlov Catherine ka keeneen Peterhof caasimadda, halkaas oo ay la kulmeen by Gregory iyo kuwii la jiray. Ilaalada regiments inay daacad u KT mustaqbalka, iyo laga bilaabo 9 am in Cathedral Kazan bilaabay iyada xaflad dabaaldega. Peter III, halka Oranienbaum, wuxuu ahaa ogyahay rajo uu booska, iyo dutifully saxiixay uu ka gaabin. Empress The yiqiin oo dhammu ku saabsan doorka weyn ee walaalaha ee uu jeer enthronement iyo dad badan oo soo noqnoqda ka dib in lagu leeyahay wax badan in Orlov.

Grigory Orlov - jecel yahay ka mid ah Catherine Weyn

Ka dib markii dabaaldega ee Catherine, maydhashada horyaal, koobab iyo abaalmarino kaaliyayaasha oo dhan, wuxuu u dhaqaaqay Palace Winter ah. Eagles, inkastoo Empress ugu deeqday guryaha, ka doorteen in ay soo socda ku nool in uu jecel yahay. waxaa isagii u yimid waqti dhab ah cajiib ah. Ka taagay in horyaalka ee count, heshay darajo ee Major General, Grigory bilaabay inay hantiyaan awoodda wayn, waxa uu had iyo jeer si wanaagsan usoo dhoweeyeen by Empress ah, oo iyana waxay isagii la wada hadleen oo dhan arrimaha gobolka. Catherine II ahaa xamaasad Cunid uu ugu jecel yahay iyo xataa si dhab ah u socday si ay u tagaan Orlov guursan. KT dissuaded ka si dhib weyn samaynaya,, laakiin weli u suurtagashay in ay Tiri Nikita Panin. Taariikhyahanadu isaga ogaan leh, "Hooyo, waxaan oo dhan ku addeecdaan amarka Empress ah, laakiin kuwaas oo si Orlov Countess ah? Dhagaysan doonaa" Gregory, sida ay markhaatiyaal indhaha ku arkay, waxa uu sidoo kale waa mid aad u jeclaan of Catherine iyo iyada siinayaa hadiyad qaali ah, ugu caansan oo waa dheeman weyn.

Life maxkamadda

Grigory ayaa mar walba oo ay taageerayaan ku dayada of Empress iyo xadka awoodaha ay isku dayeen in ay iyada ku caawin in maamulka gobolka. Oo isna wuxuu lahaa ma damaca waayo, xoog, kaas oo la kulma jecel badan oo Catherine Great iyo saffarro uu la hadlay isaga oo ah sida nin deeqsi ah, aaminaad iyo wanaag-dabeecad. Graf Orlov uu xiiseynayo sayniska iyo falsafada, gabayada iyo farshaxanka. Wuxuu siiyaa taageero iyo bacdi of Lomonosov weyn, oo uu dhintay ka dib, wuxuu ahaa awoodaan in ay soo iibsadaan oo dhan shuqullada cilmiga iyo waxaan iyaga ku badbaadin waayo, adigaa ah adkaade falsane. Wuxuu ka mid ahaa fikrada ah ololaha ka dhanka ah Turkiga si ay u helaan Badda Madow ahaa. Inkastoo Empress ah oo iska sii dayn lahaa iyada lover in dagaalka, isticmaalka a ka heleen si deg deg ah. Grigory Orlov, jecel ah Catherine weyn, oo waxaa loo diray in ay Moscow si ay ula dagaalamaan faafa ee cudurku. Waxa uu ahaa awoodaan si ay u muujiyaan meesha uu xirfadaha urureed oo muddo bil ah inay magaalada ka belaayo weyn uga saartaan. Catherine kulmay lover geesi ah, ku amartay in la dhiso de Arc ku Triomphe iyo bilad kabka sida sawirka ka mid ah tirinta in uu sharaf.

Marxaladaha xiddiga dhalaalaya

April 18, 1772 Gregory loo diray Romania wadahadalo la Turkigu. Inta lagu guda jiro safar this Orlov ogaaday in Catherine II lahaa jecel cusub. Waxaa soo baxay si ay u Alexey Semenovich Vasilchikov (1746-1813) - buunka a of Life ilaalada Ciidankii ah, kaas oo si sharaf leh qoyska caanka lahaayeen. Gregory August 28, gooyey shirka oo loola cararay St. Petersburg, doonaya in uu la kulmo Empress ah. Catherine waagaas mar hore ay heleen warbixin ah ka Tirinta Panin warka ah in Eagles ku fashilmay wada xaajoodka, iyo ugu danbeyn go'aansaday in ay jebiyaan oo isaga la koray. Empress diiday inuu lover hore maqlayo iyo isaga si "fasax" sanadlaha ah, Nicmeeyey la content sanadlaha hodan, iyo sidoo kale kun oo serfs diray. In 1777, Earl guursaday ina adeerkiis, kaas oo ugu dhakhsaha badan u dhacay xanuunsan qaaxada iyo ku dhintay. Grigory way taagnaan kari waayeen iyada dhimasho, maanka ku burburay oo ku geeriyooday April 24, 1783.

Life uusan weli ma taagnaan

Alex Vasilchikov hantiyeen xogta aad u fiican sida lagu qabtay by jecel hore ee Catherine Weyn. Inkastoo uu ahaa 17 sano ka yar tahay Empress ah, Iskhilaafeen, waxbarasho la'aan iyo si dhakhso ah u caajisin la Empress ah. Of faa'iidooyinka ay la cayimi karo unselfishness oo keliya, iyo in uusan isticmaali booskiisa. Waxa uu bedelay ee 1774 yimid Grigoriy Aleksandrovich Potemkin, kaasoo noqday mid ka mid ah ragga ugu caansan ee uu waqti, ka xiriir la leh taas oo Catherine dhashay gabadh - Elizabeth Grigorievna. Scion of qoyska ka mid ah oo sharaf leh ee hab suubban, Potemkin noqday halyay weyn, saaxiib iyo wada-taliye dhabta Empress. In ka jecel "post" Grigory lagu bedelay Petr Vasilevich Zavadovsky, oo sidoo kale noqday sharaf caan ah. Inta lagu guda jiro boqortooyada Alexander I, Catherine ee awow, uu la siiyey post ee Wasaaradda Waxbarashada.

A dhawr eray ee gabagabo

Followers Catherine 2, hore inta badan adjutants degan Prince Potemkin, steel guulaystaan mid kale. Qaar ka mid ah iyaga ka mid ah, sida geesiga mustaqbalka of War ka Patriotic, Alekseya Petrovicha Ermolova, helay taageero iyo jacaylka dadka. Inta badan, ayuu qoray wargayska in uu buugga, "jecel yahay ka mid ah Catherine ee Great" Sorotokina nm, ku hawlan damac isdabamarin, musuqmaasuq, weelna khasnadda dawladda. arrin A of eex ayaa hoos u dhigay Xumaan madow on taariikhda oo dhan ee gobolka Ruush.

jecel ugu fiican u yaqaan ee Catherine Weyn

Photos of qaar ka mid ah waxaad ka arki kartaa in this article. Inkasta oo aanay ahayn oo dhan xayawaanka Empress. Add to Favorites Catherine 2, heshay caan ugu weyn: Aleksey Petrovich Ermolov (geesiga mustaqbalka ee dagaalka kula Napoleon), Grigoriy Aleksandrovich Potemkin (statesman weyn ee xilligii) iyo Platon Zubov, jecel ugu dambeeyey ee Empress ah.