Digital Compass - kii dhaxalka u wareegtaan magnetic

Waxaa jira muran taariikhda, cad lagu xukumay in ay wax jawaab qaldan kiiska, sababtoo ah waxay ku salaysan yihiin baadi dilaa. Mid ka mid ah sida kacay dhawaan kaliya, tan iyo Dadka ayaa heshay nidaam ka mid ah meelaynta aduunka, mid ka mid ah in ay saxda ah - jiheeyaha digital ama magnetic? Dadka su'aashan, sida iska cad wax laguma sameeyo in casharo juqraafiga dugsiga weydiiso ...

Tani waa faahfaahinta ugu horeysay ee su'aasha ah: on nooca pole aad rabto in aad tagto?

Jawaabtu u muuqataa in ay wax iska cad. Xitaa more cad ignoramuses seminaaro ku saabsan juqraafi, markii qalabka loogu talagalay wacyi gelin u wareegtaan Hadrian ugu adeegi jireen dhulka (hadda wax dhif ah, iyadoo jidka ag fadhida), perforce ogaaday in dhamaadka buluug irbad ku wareegsan meesha had iyo jeer ku fiiqay xagga woqooyi. Sidaa awgeed, ugu cadcad woqooyi. Iyadoo la raacayo, dhamaadka cas - oo ku yaalla koonfurta.

Waa macquul, laakiin run ma aha. jawaab noocan oo kale ah ay ku haboontahay, tusaale ahaan, in qarnigii XVIII ka, marka sphericity ee dhulka hore loo tijaabiyey, laakiin on top of iyada madaxa iyo "antipode" kooxda ayaa mid ka mid ahaa cilmi ma eegto. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, taariikhda wareegsan guud ahaan ulaha ma ogaa ee uu dhalinyarada. Just bilaabo Chinese qadiimiga, waxaan ogaaday in irbad magnetized bir ah had iyo jeer ku fiiqay isku jiho ah, iyo in uu ku raaxeysto navigation on dhulka iyo badda. Marka wareegsan qarnigii XIII ee gaadiidka iyada oo loo marayo baadiyaha ah si ay Yurub u yimid, saraakiishii Markabka markii hore ka walwalsan in ay isticmaalaan cibaaro ah - waxay ka cabsadeen reer lagu eedeeyay sixirka. Laakiin markii baxay is tusay waxa dhacaya, waxaan bilaabay zpoha Great daahfurtay juquraafi, kaas oo u wareegtaan run galay liiska Been ugu weyn ee maskaxda bini'aadamka.

In qarnigii XIX ah, la bareeg ah 10 sano sahamisa horjeeda ee British Dzhon Ross oo uu adeer u James gaadhay, siday u kala horreeyaan, waqooyiga iyo koonfurta ulaha magnetic dhulka. Oo markiiba waxaannu doonnay inaannu ka go'an in aanay ku beeganto ulaha juqraafi.

Later waxaa soo baxay in uu yahay ma ku filan - oo xitaa fakadaan on oogada Dhulka. Iyagu ma ay ahaayeen wareegtaan in digital, magnetic xatooyo lahayn. xawaaraha celcelis ahaan of dhaqdhaqaaq - 10 kiiloomitir sanadkiiba. qarniyo About saddex iyo badh, baallaha woqooyi magnetic xagga soohdinta reer Kanada, iyo qeybtii labaad ee qarnigii la soo dhaafay, si lama filaan ah ula heerka "cabsi badan" (2009 - 64 kiiloomitir sanadkiiba) jeexjeexay Russia, in ay Peninsula Taimyr. Haddaba sidaas daraaddeed irbadda u wareegtaan magnetic, haddii aad si sax ah u raac waxa aad qaadan doonta in pack baraf Arctic, in barta la wadataa 85 ° 54 'daqiiqo loolka waqooyiga iyo 147 degrees dhigaha bari.

Hadda waan fahmay, waxaan u garan doonaa sida jiheeyaha digital, waa electronic. No magnet halkan, dabcan, aan loo baahnayn. aqbalana ee calaamadaha ka satalayt GPS ama GLONASS go'aamiso ay goobta, dhigeysa xogta on Roobka duwo map-ka oo markiiba bandhigayaa goobta screen iyo ilaa xagga woqooyi, laakiin ay dhacdo in this - waa on baallaha juqraafi.

Dhammaan hawlaha kale ee qalabka elektarooniga ah waxaa lagu go'aamiyaa ay ujeeddada. The Pave ugu horumarsan iyo caawimaad xusuusan ah wadooyinka darsin boqolaal isbaarooyinka, si loo cabbiro masaafada iyo xawaaraha, tirinin tallaabooyinkayga oo laga qaaday, oo ay la socdaan calories la gubay waqti isku mid ah. In daacadnimo oo dhan, ma ahan xitaa meel, iyo navigation.

Ka dibna markii labaad waxaa muhiim ah in la caddeeyo Su'aasha ah in jiheeyaha digital aad maskaxda ku haysaa. Tan waxaa ku jira hindisooyin la isticmaalayo waayo Orientation dhidibka dual-resistors magnetic. Mabda ', waxay yihiin - wareegtaan isla classic, cadeyso jihada ulihii ka field magnetic dhulka. Iyada oo cawaaqibka oo dhan.

Laakiin, kuwii ku caashaqi jiray qaaliga ah alaabtii elektaroonik ah, maxaad sameyneysaa haddii mishiinku oo dhan qashinka ama la tagay oo aan tamarta? Aan waxtar leh kiiskan in aad jir ah u wareegtaan magnetic wanaagsan?