Dendrites - waxa uu yahay waxan? Qaab-dhismeedka iyo shaqada dendridov

unugyada neerfaha ka kooban neurons iyo glia, qabata taxane ah oo ka mid ah hawlaha ugu adag oo muhiim ah: shanqarta falalkooda korontada itaal darnaaday, taas oo ka dibna waxaa loo gudbiyey muruqyada iyo xubnaha xayawaanka aadanaha ama laf. Unugyada unugyada waxa ay kala yihiin dhismaha gaar ah. Waxay bixisaa labada dhacdo ee excitation iyo is-celin, iyo fulinta. In neuroscience leedahay qeexidda soo socda: dendrites - waxa maaraysa ee unugyada dareenka in Arkaa iyo gudbiyaan macluumaad jidhka neuron ah. In warqad this waxaynnu ku baadhi doonaa fikrado cusub ee ku saabsan hababka isu gudbinta oo ka mid ah falalkooda dareemayaasha ee qaybaha ugu weyn ee habka dareemayaasha: maskaxda iyo laf-dhabarta, iyo sidoo kale wax ka barato qaabka dendrite ah, sida mid ka mid ah qaybaha neurocytes.

Waayo, kan aan tixgelin doonna in faahfaahin dheeraad ah dhismayaasha neuron gaar ah, waa qaybta aasaasiga ah ee unugyada neerfaha.

Sida dhismeedka neurocyte la xidhiidha hawlaha ay

Hababka cilmi cqaadir Electron ayaa xaqiijisay qalab nidaamka takhasus sare leh oo casri ah oo furan noolaha loo yaqaan unugyada dareemayaasha. Waxay ka kooban tahay jirka ah (soma), mid ka mid addinka dheer - iyo hannaanka ka mid ah shanta hablood axon gaaban. Mid kasta oo iyaga ka mid ah waxaa ku xiran cytoplasm jidhka gacanta. dendrite Tani. Qaabka iyo muuqaalka wadar ahaan labada lug ee geedi socodka gaaban garabaka taajkii geedka. Sida laga soo xigtay isaga si ay jirka ka mid ah neuron ku dhex synapse helo awoodo bioelectric ka unugyada kale ee dareemayaasha.

Fataahadda iyo noocyada

Sida laga soo xigtay histology cilmi casri ah, dendrites - neurocyte ah jahaysteen dhamaadka ma aha oo kaliya aqbalaan, laakiin sidoo kale in ay u gudbiyaan macluumaad encoded qaab falalkooda korontada, in nidaamka multi-channel waa midka iyo qoral iyo unugyada dareenka isku xiran. Waxaa ku jira xaddi badan oo organelles protein-synthesizing ah - ribosomes. Qaar ka mid ah geeddi-gaaban, sida neurocytes pyramidal, daboolay by dhismayaasha gaarka ah - jirad.

Sida laga soo xigtay soocidda la soo jeediyay by neurohistology Spain S. Ramon y Cajal, laba dendrite laga yaabaa in laga daayo jirka unugyada neerfaha jiho ka soo horjeeda (neurocytes bipolar) a. Haddii wax badan oo dendrites, waxay halkuu soma ku radially. Tani waa qaab-dhismeedka caan ku interneurons. In unugyada Purkinje cerebellar ka mid ah jidhka appendages neurocyte qaab taageere. dendrite kasta, kuwaas oo saddex-geesood ah qaab-dhismeedka waa ka laamood deriska la ah ee cadadka lacag korontada ururtay ay dusheedana saaraan kala duwan.

At oo saameeya geedi socodka branching dareemayaasha

Jirku wuxuu of neuron waa gudbinta caalami ah oo la helo waqti isku mid ah shayga noolaha. Volume (gaar ahaan xogta soo socda) waa si toos ah saamiyeed si ay tirada falalkooda dareemayaasha soo socda. Waxay waxaa go'aamiya heerka branching geedka dendritic. Sidaa darteed, dendrites - waa qaab-dhismeedka neurocyte in ciyaaro function dhamaystiran.

Waxaa intaa dheer, habka of ballaarinta meelaha xidhiidhka ka dhexeeya unugyada neerfaha ah. formation dheeraad ah synapse isla waqtiyo kordhisaa tayada oo dhan waaxyaha sida maskaxda iyo xangulada, iyo habdhiska dareenka oo dhan.

Dhismaha dendrite ah

By waxbarashada diyaarinta cqaadir ee unugyada dareenka waxaan ogaaday in inta badan ee hababka leeyihiin qaab cylindrical. Waxay celcelis ahaan ballaciisu yahay 0.9 micron. dhererka dendrite ballaaran kala duwan. Tusaale ahaan, neurons stellate xaalka ah cirradiisa kiliyaha cerebral waa gaaban (oo aan ka badnayn 200 microns) laamaha geed dendritic, halka geedi socodka neuron motor ka mid ah geeska hore ee laf-dhabarta, amarka of 2 mm.

waxbarashada gaarka ah - jirad la aasaasay on laamaha neurocytes keeni tiro badan oo ah synapses - gool kuraasta la xiriir la axon, dendrite ama soma of neuron kale. Synapses ooli karaa on jirka ah ee dendrite ah waxaa loo yaqaan stem ama si toos ah on jirad ay. Sida aan ognahay, dendrites - neurocytes appendages jahaysteen awood u helo kicinta. Gudbinta sidoo kale meel biopotentials kuwaas oo isticmaalaya kiimiko ah kelli - dhexaadiyayaasha, sida acetylcholine, ama reer Gebacna. xuub daboolaya dendrite ku ogaan ra'iyi channels, eegista siifilisku calcium permeable, sodium iyo potassium ku lug dhererka falalkooda dareemayaasha dhex neuron ah.

Sida warbixin ku yimaado unugyada dareenka

Inta lagu guda jiro gudbinta eedeeyay korontada oo salka ku kicinta iyo is-celin, oo ay la socdaan axon iyo dendrites lug. Waxaa ka baaraandega neuron ah, taas oo samaysa synapses la laamaha kale ee geedka dendritic of neurocytes. Siman ogaaday in dendrites waa outgrowths of cytoplasm gacanta, xuub dahaarka leh. In waxa jira dhaqdhaqaaqa korontada daciif ah - kara tallaabo.

Thanks to habka gaaban hal unug dareemayaasha helo iyo gudbiya dhowr kun oo digir ahbaa synapses. Tani ma aha shaqo kaliya ee dendrites. Sidoo kale waxay ka arrinsashada iyo isu geeyo macluumaadka soo socda galay neurons, kaas oo bixiya gacanta xeerka iyo dhaqmaa by habka dareemayaasha jirka oo dhan xubnaha iyo unugyada ee jirka aadanaha.