David Hilbert: Nolosha xisaab weyn

David Hilbert - xisaab caan ah iyo macalinka fasalka ugu sareeya, iyadoo aan ogayn daal, Samra ee ujeedooyinka uu, u Waxyoon oo deeqsi ah, mid ka mid ah ugu weyn ee uu waqti. awood Creative, asalnimada ee kala duwan ee fikirka, fikrad cajiib ah iyo kala duwanaanta ee danaha David discoverer ee beeraha ugu badan ee cilmiga saxda ah sameeyey.

Gilbert David: Biography gaaban

David waxa uu ku dhashay Vela, oo ku yaalla meel u dhow Königsberg (Prussia). Waxa uu ku dhashay on January 23, 1862, wuxuu ahaa curadkiisii ka lammaanaha - Otto iyo Maryan. Gilbert ma ahaa baxayo ayaa ilmaha; sidoo kale u geliya goolka ay si buuxda u sahamiyo meel walba oo ka mid ah xisaabta, uu xalliyo dhibaatada isaga xiiseynaya. Iyadoo dhamaystirka Suu hal abuur leh bartay field of action, David tagay ardayda uu. In ka tagay si buuxda, iyaga bari koorsada ku haboon oo la daabacay a raacsan tutorial fiican. Gilbert wadi karin hab kale: sheegi sanadka cusub ee iskuulka, koorso gaar ah aan iyaga bartay in xisaabta iyo waxa ay qabsadeen ardayda xubin cusub ee. Si aad u hesho koorso this waxaa loo tixgeliyaa inay guul weyn, inkastoo dhab ahaan tababar ku dul waa caqabad weyn.

Gilbert iyo xertiisii

David Hilbert, kuwaas oo Biography xiiso leh jiilka hadda, wuxuu ahaa qadarin iyo edeb ardayda dareemay iman kara in. Haddii ololka ka demo, cilmiga edeb leh iyaga lagula talinayaa inay naftayda isku dayaan in nooc kala duwan ee jimicsiga. Qaar ka mid ah ardayda Hilbert raacay talo macalinka iyo noqdaan injineero, physicists iyo xataa qorayaasha. professor The ma ay garan Bahuko oo iyaga loo arkaa dadka liita. Sida nin aad u ixtiraamo ee sayniska, oo Daa'uud haystay dhegyadii u gaar ah. In cimilada diiran, wuxuu u yimid inuu Waanininaa in shaati gacmo gaaban iyo collar furan, taas oo kuma haboona professor a, ama qaadeen bouquets ubaxa damacyo badan. Wuu iman karo baaskiil, sidii nooc ka mid ah hadiyad, qaado weel of bacriminta. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, inkastoo uu farxad, David Hilbert ahaa qof quruxsan adag oo qallafsan dhaleeceeyo laga yaabaa kuwa aan u dhigma heerka uu (aad u adag is tusay, halkaas oo ay in la sameeyo sahlan, ama sharax si caddaalad ah wax iska cad heer iskuul).

The waxbarashada koowaad ee Hilbert

Awooddiisa ah inuu dulmi cilmiga David Hilbert, Biography gaaban oo la tilmaamay in this article, weli dareemay in Koenigsberg, halkaas oo xirfad ah ee xisaabta yar reading a. Sidaa darteed, doortay Göttingen xasilloon a - site collection of xisaabyahannada Jarmal, Hilbert ee 1895 waxaa dhaqaaqay oo si guul ah ka shaqeeyay ilaa 1933 - tan iyo markii uu awooda of Adolf Hitler.

muxaadarooyin uu Gilbert si tartiib ah u akhri, la sharraxaad la'aantu, la aaminin soo noqnoqda si ay u fahmaan oo dhan. Sidoo kale, David mar walba wax hore. muxaadarooyin Hilbert ayaa had iyo jeer soo ururiyay dad badan: hoolka nabitsya karo dhowr boqol oo qof oo la dhigay xitaa on daaqadaha.

David waxay bilaabeen inay bartaan algebra, si sax noqon - la isbedel ku aragtida ah ee tirooyinka. Warbixinta ku saabsan mowduuca ahaa ku saleysan ee uu buugga.

Hilbert qoyska

Lucky sokeeye, David ahayd nasiib darro in qoyska. Iyada oo uu naagtiisa ka Kathe ay weheliyaan helay si aad u wanaagsan, laakiin wiilkaaga keligiis ah oo ay ku dhashay xikmad ah. Sidaa darteed, Gilbert helay outlet ah ee xidhiidhka la arday badan - wakiillo ka socda dalalka Yurub iyo Mareykanka. Xisaabyahannada inta badan soo abaabulay socodka iyo diyaarin xisbiga shaaha si wadajir ah, inta lagu guda jiro kaas oo dood ku saabsan mawduucyo xisaabeed si habsami galay wada hadalka caadiga ah ku saabsan mawduucyo kala duwan. Professor Jarmal Prim ma aqoonsana style this ee xidhiidhka; waa awoodda siedmeho Gilberta waxaa iska caadi ah, kaas oo ku faafay oo dhan ardayda dunida xisaabta sameeyey.

Si dhakhso ah danaha xisaabta aljebrada dhaqaaqay in joomateri, kaasoo ahaa in meel bannaan oo aan la koobi karayn. dhibcood Xadka of taxanaha, farqiga iyaga iyo xagal u dhexeeya fallaadhaha u dhexeeya aqoonsaday meel Hilbert - la mid ah Euclidean.

About soo celinta amarka ee cilmiga saxda ah

In sano ee 1898-1899 David Hilbert daabacay buug on aasaaska joomateri, isla markiiba noqday loo iibsado a. Waxa uu ku siiyey nidaam dhamaystiran oo axioms joomatari Euclidean, iyaga abaabulo kooxo, isku dayayaan si ay u qeexaan xadka mid kasta oo iyaga ka mid ah.

guul Tani waxay keentay Hilbert in fikradda ah in aad dalban kartaa nidaam cad oo ka mid ah axioms iyo qeexidda lagama maarmaan ah in kasta oo duurka jooga xisaabta. Tusaale ahaan muhiim ah oo xisaab ah u codeeyay guud aragti kooxo, iyo waxa ku jira - on Cantor caanka ah ee la xiqiijiyay in sii socodka. David Hilbert ahaa si ay u caddeeyaan la xiqiijiyay in this unprovable ay awood. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, in 1931 dhallinyaro ah Austria Kurt Gödel waxaa caddeeyeen in postulates sida la xiqiijiyay in sii socodka, kaas oo lagu qiimeeyo mid ka mid ah axioms Hilbert khasab ah aragti set, waxaa jira in hab kasta oo axioms. Hadalkani waxa uu muujinaysaa in horumarka sayniska uusan wali taagan oo aan marnaba joojin doonaa, laakiin mar kasta oo waxay yeelan doonaan in ay ku abuurta axioms cusub iyo qeexidda - wax si buuxda loo habeeyey in maskaxda aadanaha. Gilbert ka waayo-aragnimo shakhsi ogaa, sidaas darteed wuxuu si daacad ah ugu farxay helitaan yaab leh oo Godel.

"Xisaabeed Dhibaatooyinka" Hilbert

At 38 sano jir ee Congress of xisaabyahannada ee Paris, kaas oo isku keenay cream ee sayniska ee waqtiga, Gilbert hadlay on "Xisaabeed Dhibaatooyinka", taas oo, sida arrimaha ay ugu yeeranayaan ugu bixiyeen 23 mawduucyo muhiim ah. Ujeedooyinka ugu muhiimsan ee xisaabta wakhtigaas, Hilbert tixgeliyo si firfircoon uga soo koraya field of science (aragti set, joomateri aljabrada, falanqaynta functional, macquulka ah xisaabta, lambarka aragti), kuwaasoo mid walba uu iftiimiyay in hawlaha ugu muhiimsan in dhammaadkii qarnigii 20aad labada xalin ama la helay cadeyn ah ay undecidability.

The hawsha ugu muhiimsan ee xisaabta

Maalin maalmaha ka mid ah ardayda yar yar ayaa la weydiiyey Gilbert su'aasha ah waxa hawsha, in uu ra'yi, waa waxa ugu muhiimsan ee xisaab, oo helay jawaabta ah aqoonyahan gaboobay: "Qabo Daqsi dhinaca dambe ee Dayaxa" By Hubert yiri, dhibaatadan ma aha gaar ahaan xiiso leh, laakiin waxa rajada laga furi kara go'aankeeda! Intee in leeg lahaa waxaa qariyo daahfurtay iyo waxay Been Abuuran mid ah farsamooyinka awood muhiim ah!

erayada Isafgaradku Hilbert la xaqiijiyay by nolosha, waxaa haboon in la xasuusnaado in la alifay ee kombiyuutarada waxay ahayd Xisaab, dagdag bam hydrogen ah. Daahfurtay sida dhulka ninkii ugu horeeyay ee Dayaxa, Saadaasha hawada, waayo caalamka oo dhan ah, bilaabeyna Sputnik noqday nooc ka mid ah xalka by-saarka. Nasiib darro, Gilbert lahaa fursad uu ku marag ka ah dhacdooyinka la taaban karo sida ay noqdaan.

In sano ee uu ka dib, Professor caawinaynin daawaday burburkii dugsiga ee xisaabta ee Göttingen, qaadataa meel ka hoosaysa naasiga ah. Dhintay David Hilbert, xisaabyahan ah, sameeyo kaalin weyn in ay sayniska, February 14, 1943 ka cawaaqibka gacanta ka jabay. Sababta dhimashada ahaa xisaabta muddaada jirka.