"Dambiyada iyo cadaab": taariikhda abuurka ah novel ah

"Dambiyada iyo cadaab", sheeko abuurniinta ah oo socday muddo ku dhow 7 sano, waa mid ka mid ah ugu caansan Romanov Fedora Dostoevsky ee Russia iyo dibadda. Tani abuuridda of suugaanta classic Ruush abid tayadiisa nafsiga iyo khabiir on nafihii aadanaha. Maxaa keenay in Dostoevsky in fikradda ah qoraal shaqo ah oo ku saabsan dilaaga oo xanuunsan damiirka, maxaa yeelay this topic ma aha caadiga ah suugaanta ee wakhtigaas?

Fyodor Dostoyevsky - Master of novel nafsiga

Qoraagu wuxuu ku dhashay on November 11, 1821 ee Moscow. Aabbihiis - Mikhail - joogay sirkaal, la-taliyaha maxkamadda, oo hooyadiis - Maria Feodorovna - qoyska baayacmushtari yimid.

In nolosha Fedora Mihaylovicha Dostoevskogo lahaa wax kasta, fame weyn iyo saboolnimada, maalmaha madow ee Peter iyo Paul qalcadda oo sannado badan oo shaqada adag, caadaysteen khamaarka, iyo racfaan in iimaanka Christian. Xitaa inta lagu guda jiro nolosha wax qora ee uu shaqada loo isticmaalo epithets sida "cajiib ah."

Dostoevsky ku dhintay da'da 59 ee emphysema. Waxa uu tagay dhaxal weyn - tixaha, gabayo, qorada, warqado, iwm In suugaanta Ruush Fyodor xilsaaray sida cilmi-nafsiga sare iyo khabiir on nafihii aadanaha. Qaar ka mid ah dadka dhaleeceeya suugaanta (sida Maxim Gorky), gaar ahaan xilliga Soviet, Dostoevsky loo yaqaan "hanad shar", maxaa yeelay, waxay rumeysan yahay in qoraaga ku qoray difaacay aragtida siyaasadeed "khalad" - muxaafid iyo waqti qaar ka mid ah nolosha tan iyo monarchist. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tani waa laga doodi, oo tixaha of Dostoevsky - ma aha kuwo siyaasadeed, laakiin had iyo jeer si qoto dheer cilmi nafsiga, ayaa qastigoodii - inay nafta aadanaha iyo nolosha muujiyaan sida ay tahay. Iyo wax soo saarka ee "Dambiyada iyo cadaab" - caddayn of this.

Taariikhda novel "Dambiyada iyo cadaab" ku

Fyodor Dostoevsky ee 1850, ayaa loo diray xabsi ku yaala Omsk. "Dambiyada iyo cadaab", taariikhda abuurka ah oo sax ah waxaa bilaabay, markii ugu horaysay la daabacay sanadkii 1866, iyo ka hor in qoraaga lahaa in ay dhex maraan ma maalmihii ugu fiican ee noloshayda.

In 1854, qoraaga ahayd oo lacag la'aan ah. Dostoevsky ee 1859 warqad uu u diray walaalkiis qoray in fikrad qaar ka mid ah sheeko-qirasho waxaa isagii u yimid intuu weli joogay 50 ee jiifa jimbaar ku wasakhaysan oo la kulmay daqiiqado ugu adag ee uu noloshiisa. Laakiin si ay u bilaabaan shaqo this, wuxuu ku degdegsanaa lahayn, maxaa yeelay, ma aha xitaa loo hubiyo in noolaan doonaan.

Oo sidaas daraaddeed, ee 1865, Dostoevskiy Fedor Mihaylovich, ba'an ee u baahan lacag, heshiis la publisher a, kaas oo ballan qaadaya in ay bixiyaan by November 1866 sheeko cusub. Ka dib markii la helo lacagta, qoraaga si loo hagaajiyo arrimaha ay, laakiin dadka balwada leh si roulette ciyaaray trick ah isaga, uu badiyay dhamaan lacagta ku haray Wiesbaden, milkiilayaasha hotel in aanay isaga saaro, laakiin joojiyey quudinta iyo xataa off nuurka qolka u soo jeestay. Waa in xaaladaha sida Dostoevsky bilaabay inuu "Dambiyada iyo Cadaab."

Taariikhda sheeko la barbaro in ku dhow ah, waqtiga ayaa lagu soo baxeen - qoraaga shaqeeyay hoteelka, doon ah, oo ku saabsan habka ay u St. Petersburg guriga. Wuxuu U dhawaaday inuu ku dhameysatay novel ah, ka dibna ... tegey oo qoraal gacmeedka gubay.

Dostoevsky bilaabay inuu mar kale u shaqeeyaan, iyo halka ugu horeysay laba qaybood oo ka mid ah shaqada lagu daabacay in print oo waxay wada cuneen oo dhan ee St. Petersburg, wuxuu degdegsiimada xawaaraha ee la abuurayo saddex kale, oo ay ku jiraan epilogue ah.

Table of Contents I - II ee novel ah

"Dambiyada iyo cadaab" - theme ee sheeko uu yahay si cad u arki karo mar hore in shuqullada artist ah.

ninkii - Rodion Raskolnikov - go'aansaday on the dil iyo dhac jir dayn. Dhinaca mid, Ninkii dhallintayaraa ee xaq uu tallaabo si isaga iyo qoyskiisa ay u baahan yihiin. Rodion dareensan mas'uul ka yimi ee ah kuwa jecel yahay, laakiin si ay u caawiyaan ugu yaraan wax ay iyada walaashay iyo hooyaday ah, wuxuu u baahan yahay lacag aad u badan. Dhanka kale, dilka waa fal kuwa sinaysta, iyo dembilayaasha.

Rodion uuraysatay si guul dambi ah. Laakiin in qaybta labaad ee sheeko ah, ayuu la soo gudboonaado dhibaato ka daran saboolnimada - wuxuu bilaabaa inuu silcin niyadiisa. Waxa uu helo neerfayaasha, waxa ay u muuqataa in wax walba waa ogyahay falalkiisa. Sidaas darteed, Rodion bilaabmaa si adag u yeeli. Ka dib markii dib u soo kabashada, dadka dhalinyarada ah in ay si dhab ah u malaynayso oo ku saabsan sida in ay is dhiibaan maamulka. Laakiin yaqaano Sonia Marmeladov imaanshiyaha magaalada hooyo iyo walaashay waqtiga iyo ku qasbay inuu ka tanaasulaan fikirka ah.

Tusmada III - IV ee novel ah

The geesiyaal ah "Dambiyada iyo cadaab" novel ee 3aad iyo 4aad ee joogto ah raacdaystaa gool ay.

At gacanta walaashiis ku jiray Rodion - Dunja - dalab toos ah meydhaa 3: Maxkamadda taliyaha Pyotr Luzhin, nin oday Svidrigailov oo saaxiib ah Rodion - Razumikhin. Rodion Razumihin iyo maamushaa inay ku Daalin arooska la qorsheeyay Dunya iyo Luzhin, laakiin ugu dambaysta ka baxo cadhooday iyo fikirka ku saabsan sida si ay ugu aargudaan.

Rodion Raskolnikov waxaa sii kordheysa xidhan Sonia Marmeladov - gabadhii saaxiibkiis daahay. Waxay la hadal gabadha oo ku saabsan nolosha, wakhti wada qaataan.

Laakiin badan Rodion lulataa daruur madow - waxaa marag marag saldhigga booliiska in dhawaan si Raskolnikov dayn inta badan lagu dilay yimid. Nin dhallinyaro ah oo weli ka soo saldhigga booliiska la sii daayay, laakiin uu weli la tuhunsan yahay Ra'iisul.

Content V ee sheeko ah. epilogue

The dhacdooyinka ugu muhiimsan ee sheeko ah "Dambiyada iyo cadaab" by madaxda ka dhici on qayb ka mid ah 5-tii oo ka mid ah wax soo saarka iyo epilogue ah.

Xanaaqin Luzhin isku dayaya in ay jire Sonya Marmeladov, isagoo iyada loo siiyey tuug iyo sidaas soo baxay Raskolnikov dhacay. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, uu qorshaha ma guulaysan, laakiin waxa aanu u istaag iyo Rodion aqoonsan dil Sonia.

Waxaase dhib dembi ee Raskolnikov qaadataa banaanka, laakiin baaraha waa aamin in ay tahay Rodion dembi, si booqday nin dhallinyaro ah oo isku dayo mar kale isaga ka dhaadhiciyo in ay is dhiibaan.

Wakhtigan Svidrigailov isku dayo in uu soo jiito xoog Dunya, cabsi gabar laayey isaga la revolver ah. Marka qoriga misfires, iyo Dunya dhaadhiciyo mulkiilaha in uusan isaga jeclaan, Svidrigailov soo bandhigtay gabar. Bixinta 15,000 Sonia Marmeladov iyo Raskolnikov 3000 qoys, mulkiilaha isdila.

Rodion qirtay in dilka, kana mid dayn ku helo shaqada 8 sano adag in Siberia. Sonia isaga soo diray maxaabiis ahaan. Nolosha jir arday hore waa in ka badan, laakiin in jacaylka gabar mahad, waxa uu dareensan yahay sida waji cusub bilaabmaa naftiisa.

image ee Rodion Raskolnikov

In novel ah "Dambiyada iyo cadaab" Rodion Raskolnikov soocista iyo qiimeynta falalkiisa la siiyo by qoraaga uu qarsoon yahay.

Ninkii dhallinyarada ahaa qurxoon, caqli ku filan, waxaan dhihi karaa hami. Laakiin xaaladda nolosha, taas oo uu isaga qudhiisu helay, ama halkii xaaladda bulshada u oggolaan in isaga aan wax badan in ay xaqiijiyaan hibadooda, laakiin xitaa waxbarashadeyda ku dhameysan jaamacadda, hesho shaqo hufan. Oo walaashiis oo ku saabsan in ay "iska iibiso" qofka uu nebcaa wiilkeedu (guursadaan Luzhin oo uu xaalad) waa. Raskolnikov hooyadiis ku nool murugo, iyo saaxiibtiis khasbo dhillaysiga. Oo Rodion ma aanan arkin si kasta oo ay u caawiso iyaga iyo naftaada, laakiin si aad u hesho lacag aad u badan oo lacag ah. Laakiin si ay u ogaadaan fikradda ah kobcinta deg dega ah ayaa suuragal ah keliya taasi oo ka dhaca (kiiskan, waxa qariyo dilka).

Sida laga soo xigtay anshaxa ah, Raskolnikov Xaq u lahayn in ay qaataan nolosha qof kale, oo dood ah in qof dumar hore, oo sidaas heystaa waqti yar oo ay ku noolaadaan, ama in uu xaq u lahayn in ay "zhidovat" buurta quduuska ah ee dadka kale - tani ma aha cudur daar ah oo aan sabab lagu dilo. Laakiin Raskolnikov, in kastoo, iyo agonizes uu tallaabo, ilaa dhawaan loo arkaa isaga qudhiisa aan waxba galabsan, ayuu yiri falalka uu sheegay in uu u maleeyay in la joogo oo keliya ku saabsan sida loo caawin qoyska.

Sonia Marmeladov

In novel "Dambiyada iyo cadaab" description ee Sony image sida is burinaya sida Raskolnikov: akhristaha isla markiiba aqoonsan doonaa in iyaga jinni oo xigaalo.

Sonia - wanaagsan iyo dareen Daahirinta, waxa loo arki karaa ka ay dhaqanka dadka kale. Waxay tixgalinayo "injiilka," laakiin waqti isku mid ah waa dhillo. dhillo taqi ah - laga yaabo in wada socda?

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, kalluumaysiga this ayaa Sonia ma aha, sababtoo ah waxa ay leedahay degto ah ficiladooda nijaasta - waa jidka keliya gabar soo jiidasho aan aqoonta lahayn si ay u helaan nolol, ma naftooda oo keliya, laakiin sidoo kale ay la dheereeyey qoyska: iyada aayo Katerina Ivanovna iyo saddex bar-walaalaha. Sidaas darteed, Sonia - kan keliya ee u baxay inuu Siberia ka dib markii Rodion inay isaga taageeraan daqiiqad ku adag tahay.

hab noocan oo kale ah wada socda - ku saleysan xaqiiqo Dostoevsky ee, sababtoo ah ee dunida dhabta ah, wax laga yaabaa in aan madow ama caddaan, iyo sidoo kale dadka. Sidaa darteed, naftii gabar nadiifiso xaaladaha qaarkood nolosha lagu hawlan laga yaabaa in sida xirfad wasakh ah iyo ruuxa sharaf ninkii dhallinyarada ahaa - dhicin in ay dilaan.

Arkady Svidrigailov

Arkady Svidrigailov - qof kale ka sheekaysay (nin oday 50-jir ah), taas oo siyaabo badan tus ka kaliya ee Raskolnikov. Lama filaan ma aha, laakiin soo dhaweynta, kaasoo loo doortay by qoraaga. Waa maxay waxa ay nuxurka?

"Dambiyada iyo cadaab" waxaa ka buuxa sanamyo la dual, waxaa suurtagal ah si ay u muujiyaan in dad badan oo ay leeyihiin sifooyin isku mid togan iyo kuwa taban, socon kartaa on waddooyinka isla nolosha, laakiin natiijada naftooda mar walba adigu doorato.

Arkady Svidrigailov - carmal ah. Xitaa inta lagu guda jiro naag nool dhibine walaashiis of Raskolnikov, kuwaas oo ahaa in adeega ay leeyihiin. Marka naagtiisa - Martha P. - dhintay, mulkiilaha yimid si aad u weydiiso gacanta Avdotia Raskolnikov.

Svidrigailov ayaa garbaha Dembiyadeedii badnaa, waayo, isagu lagu tuhunsan yahay dil, kufsi iyo iska tumaya. Laakiin taasi ninka si uu u noqdo qofka keliya qaaday daryeelka qoyska ee dabayaaqadii Marmeladov dhaqaale oo keliya ma aha, laakiin xataa ku daray ilmaha in caruurta agoonta ah ka dib dhimashadii hooyadood ma hortago. Svidrigailov hab wuxuushnimada ah ee isku dayaya in ay ku guuleysato Dunya, laakiin waqti isku mid ah waxa ay dhaawacdaa qoto dheer naceen gabar oo uu isdila, taasoo ka dhigeysa walaashiis Raskolnikov qadar cajiib ah dhaxalka. Abtirsan iyo axmaqnimo ah ninkan lagu daro in qaababka ay sir ah, sida in Raskolnikov.

PP Luzhin nidaamka image ee sheeko

Petr Petrovich Luzhin ( "Dambiyada iyo cadaab") - kale "double" Raskolnikov. Raskolnikov in ay dambiyo galaan iska key barbardhigo in Napoleon, oo sidaas Luzhin - Napoleon ka mid ah markii uu qaab daahir ah, damiir, daryeelka naftooda oo keliya ku saabsan, oo doonaya in ay sameeyaan maal a at qiimaha kasta. Waxaa laga yaabaa in sababta Raskolnikov neceb shaqayn nasiib: ka dib Rodion oo uu u maleeyay in aawadood oo ay barwaaqo u gaar ah, wuxuu xaq u leeyahay inuu dilo nin, kuwaas oo qaddar ekeysiiyey in yar oo muhiim ah.

Luzhin ( "Dambiyada iyo cadaab") - waa mid aad u sahlan, sida qof ah, iyo isnaceybka oo diiday burinaya soo jireenka ah ee geesiyaal Dostoevsky ee. Waxaan u qaadan karnaa in qoraaga Peter ay si ula kac ah u banneeyeen in, sidaas darteed wuxuu noqday shakhsiyaynta cad oo permissiveness ganacsade ah, taas oo uu kaftan nacabkaa noocan oo kale ah ka ciyaaray isu Raskolnikov.

Daabacaadda novel ee dibadda

"Dambiyada iyo cadaab", sheeko abuurniinta kuwaas oo qaatay in ka badan lix sano, ayaa lagu aadka u amaanay iyo publications shisheeye. In 1866, dhawr cutub ka mid ah sheeko ayaa loo turjumay Faransiis oo la daabacay ayaa lagu «Courrier russe».

In Germany, shaqada waxaa la daabacay hoos horyaalka «Raskolnikov» iyo sanadkii 1895 la daabacay uu wareegga ahaa 2 jeer ka badan kasta oo shuqullo kale ee Dostoevsky.

Bilowga ee qarnigii XX ah. novel "Dambiyada iyo cadaab" ayaa lagu tarjumay Polish, Czech, Talyaani, Serbian, Catalan, luqadaha Lithuanian, iwm

qabsashada novel ah

The geesiyaal novel "Dambiyada iyo cadaab" waa sidaas midabo iyo xiiso leh in version screen ee sheeko ka badan hal mar ah ayaa lagu qaaday labadaba Russia iyo dibadda. Filimku wuxuu marka hore - "Dambiyada iyo cadaab" - muuqday Russia ee 1909 (by Vasily Goncharov faray.). Taasi waxaa xigay qabsashada film ee 1911, 1913, 1915 ka

In 1917 dunida arkay sawir ah agaasimaha American Lawrence McGill, in 1923, filimka "Raskolnikov" daayay Agaasimaha Jarmalka Robert Wiene.

Ka dib markii in laga duubay oo ku saabsan 14-qabsiga ee dalal kala duwan. Works of Ruush noqday serial filimka "Dambiyada iyo cadaab" ugu dambeeyay ee 2007 (dir. Dmitry Svetozarov).

Romance dhaqanka oo caan ah

In movies ah, sheeko Dostoevsky marar badan Kulaashaan in gacmaha geesiyaal u adeega ay wada dhammaadeen, in m / f ah "The Cajiib ah Tacaburka ee Wallace iyo Gromit: xiiro" by eber "," t / c "Wolf," "hooyooyinka Quus", iwm

In ciyaarta kombiyuutarka «Sherlock Holmes: Dembiyada & Ciqaabyada» in mid ka mid ah dhacdooyinka ee buugga la magaca novel Dostoevsky waa si cad u arki ka Holmes ku Sherlock gacmihiisa, laakiin GTA IV «Dambiga iyo Cadaab ciyaarta" - waa magaca mid ka mid ah ergooyinka ka.

Raskolnikov House St. Petersburg

Waxaa jira warar in Dostoevskiy Fedor Mihaylovich ayaa ku hoyday uu geesi guri dhab ahaantii jirta St. Petersburg. Cilmibaadhayaasha ayaa sameeyey natiijooyinkan, sida sheeko Dostoevsky ee sheegaye, oo guri Raskolnikov waa "S." Lane, soo socota si ay u "By th 'buundada. At Carpenter Lane-5 runtii waa guri si fiican u noqon karta noocooda ah ee sheeko a. Si aad u taariikhda, dhismaha tani waa mid ka mid ah baraha dalxiis ugu soo booqday ee St. Petersburg.