Dabeylo Boorka: sababaha, cawaaqib. Xaggee jiraan dabeylo ciidda?

Dhacdooyinkan cimilada dhigi gacan weyn ka wasakhda ah ee jawi dhulka ee. Waa mid ka mid ah ifafaale u badan oo cajiib ah oo dabiici ah oo culumadu dhaqso ugu soo heshay sharraxaad fudud.

Kuwaas oo loo kasin ifafaale cimilada - dabeylo ciidda. Wixii macluumaad dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan waxaa ka wada xaajoon doona article soo socda.

qeexid

Dusty ama bacaadka duufaan - iibsiga ugub ah xaddi weyn oo ciid iyo dabaylo boodh, oo ay la socdaan daraysa af badan in aragti. Sida caadiga ah, ifafaale kuwan soo jeedaan dhulka.

Tani gobollada oomane ah caalamka, halkaas oo hadda hawada qaado daruuraha awood ciidda badda. Waxaa intaa dheer, oo ka dhigan khatar badan in nin inta badan dalka, waxay habase yeeshee aad bay u daciifin daahfurnaanta hawada, sidaas taasoo sii adkeyneysa inay dhawraan dusha sare ee Badda ka bannaan.

Sababaha Bowl Boorka ka

All arrinta kulaylka laga cabsado, ay sabab u ah ciidda qalajiyo xoog leh, ka dibna lakabka dusha la jeexo Ayaa galay qayb ka cqaadir, waxaa soo gaaray by dabaylo xoog badan.

Laakiin dabeylo ciidda bilaabaan marka qiimaha muhiimka ah qaar ka mid ah xawaaraha dabaysha, iyada oo ku xiran qaab-dhismeedka dhul iyo ciidda. Inteeda badan ay bilaabaan xawaare dabaysha ku kala duwan 10-12 m / s ah. A carradu daciif on dabeylo ciidda loess dhaca xagaaga, xataa xawaare of 8 m / s, ugu yaraan 5 m / s.

dhaqanka

Muddada dabeylo kala duwan daqiiqo in dhowr maalmood. Inta badan, markii qiyaasay in saacadood. Tusaale ahaan, in meesha of Sea Aral ah duufaan 80-saac ayaa laga soo minguuriyay.

Ka dib markii lumis ee sababaha ugub ku tilmaamay Carro dhulka dushiisa oo ka soo kiciyey waa in hawada ku jira xaalad ah ka ganaaxan dhowr saacadood, waxaana suurto gal maalmood. Xaaladahan, ay weyn kala iibsiga mass of socodka hawada ee boqol boqol iyo xataa kumanyaal iyo kiilomitir. Magacaabay by dabaysha fog ciidda isha ka waxaa lagu magacaabaa carceero advective. mass hawada Tropical of ceeryaamo ku wareejiyay qaybta koonfureed ee Russia iyo dhammaan Europe ka Africa (meelaha waqooyiga) iyo Bariga Dhexe. A durdurrada galbeedka inta badan ka dhigi ciidda sida laga Shiinaha (xarunta iyo waqooyiga) xeebta Pacific ah, iyo wixii la mid ah. D.

midabka

dabeylo Boorka leedahay noocyo kala duwan oo ka mid ah midabo in waxay ku xiran tahay qaab-dhismeedka ciidda iyo midabka. Waxaa jira dabeylo in midabada soo socda:

• madow (carrada madow oo ka mid ah gobollada koonfurta iyo koonfur-bari ee Yurub Russia, ee gobolka Orenburg iyo Bashkortostan);
• jaalaha ah iyo brown (caadiga ah ee Maraykanka iyo Central Asia - gudboon iyo gudboon bacaadka ah);
• cas (oxides cas-midab birta ciidda of Afghanistan iyo lamadegaanka Iran,
• (Biyagaleenka ahuba cusbo Kalmykia meelo ka mid ah Turkmenistan iyo gobolka Volga ah) cad.

dabeylo Juqraafiga

dhacdo ee dabeylo boodhka ka dhaca meelo kala duwan ee caalamka. meesha ugu weyn ee qaybinta iyo waa semi cidlada kulaylaha iyo qoraxda zones cimilada, iyo labada barka ah ee dhulka.

Guud ahaan, ereyga "duufaanka ciidda" waxaa loo isticmaalaa marka ay dhacdo on gudboon ama ciidda dhoobo. Marka ay dhacdo in kan Oomani (tusaale Sahara, Kyzylkum, Karakum iyo wixii la mid ah.), Oo weliba qayb yar, oo dabayshii ayaa xanbaarsan ee tons malaayiin hawada iyo Walxaha waaweyn (ciid), mar hore erayga "duufaan ciid" waxa loo adeegsadaa.

dabeylo ciidda joogto ah ka dhacaan Balkhash iyo gobolka Sea Aral (koonfurta Kazakhstan), in qaybta galbeed ee Kazakhstan, on Sea Caspian ah, in Karakalpakstan iyo Turkmenistan.

Xaggee jiraan dabeylo ciidda ee Russia? Inta badan waxay ka dhacaan ee jaaket iyo gobollada Volgograd, in Tuva, Kalmykia, iyo sidoo kale in dhulka Altai iyo Trans-Baikal. Inta lagu guda jiro muddo of abaaro dabadheeraaday, duufaanada horumarin karaan (sannad walba ma aha) ayaa ku kaynta-steppe iyo steppe meelaha ay Chita, Buryatia, Tuva, Novosibirsk, Orenburg, Samara, Voronezh iyo gobollada Rostov, Krasnodar iyo Stavropol Dhulalka, ee Crimean ah, iyo kuwa kale.

Ilaha ugu waaweyn ee carceero ee boodhka weyn ku haya badda Carabta - lamadegaanka ku ah Jasiirada Carabta iyo Africa. dhaawac yar ee meelahan keeno duufaanka Iran, Pakistan iyo Hindiya.

In ay dabeylo ciidda Badweynta Pacific qaado Shiinaha.

cawaaqib dhowrida Bowl Boorka ka

Arrintan ayaa ku tilmaamay dhaqaajin karin tuurasha weyn iyo wareejiyo xaddi badan oo ciidda si ay hore u muuqan kara sida derbi ciidda is dulfuulan iyo sare (ilaa 1.6 km.). Imaatinka ka dabeylo lamadegaanka Sahara loo yaqaan "sandstorm", "Khamsin" (Masar iyo Israa'iil) iyo "habub" (Sudan). Badanaa in dabeylo Sahara ka dhacaan qayb qodnayd oo Bodélé Depression labanlaabi xuduudaha Mali Mauritania iyo Algeria.

Waa in la ogaadaa in ka badan 60 sano ee la soo dhaafay tirada dabeylo ciidda saxaraha kordhay qiyaas ahaan 10 jeer, sababaya hoos u dhac badan ee dhumucda lakabka dusha sare ee ciidda ee Chad, Nigeria. Wixii la barbardhigo waxa la ogaadaa in ee Mauritania ee 60 ee qarnigii la soo dhaafay ka dhacay labo dabeylo boodh, oo haatan sannad ah waxaa lagu arkay on 80 dabeylo.

Qubarada, deegaanka ay aaminsan yihiin in habdhaqanka darro in gobolada oomane dhulka, gaar ahaan, iska indha-tiray nidaamka rogista cajaladda dalagga, si joogto ah u keenaysaa in la kordhiyo meelaha cidlada iyo isbedelka cimilada ee gobolka of meeraha Earth oo heer caalami ah.

siyaabaha ay u ka qaban

dabeylo Boorka, iyo sidoo kale qaar badan oo kale dhacdo dabeeci ah in la keeno dhibaato weyn. In si loo yareeyo ama xataa looga hortago saamaynta ay kasin waa in ay u falanqeeyaan dhul - gargaarka, yar, jihada dabaysha jirta halkan iyo fulinta waxqabadyada la xidhiidha in la yareeyo lahaa xawaaraha dabaysha u dhow dusha dhulka iyo in la kordhiyo Amda of Qurub ciidda.

Si loo yareeyo xawaaraha dabaysha, si ay u fuliyaan hawlaha qaarkood. Meel kasta abuuray nidaam suumanka hoy iyo baalasheeda. saamayn badan ku Amda sii kordhaysa oo ah qayb ka ciidda siin jirin ilaa beer ku qodaya, bidix xaab oo kale, cows dilka ah, strips ee cows dilka ah interspersed dalagyada dalagyada sannadlaha ah.

Qaar ka mid ah dabeylo ciid iyo boodh ugu caansan

Tusaale ahaan, waxaanu kuu soo bandhigi liiska dabeylo ciid iyo boodh ugu caansan:

• In 525 BC. e., sida ay Herodiyiintu, in Sahara lagu jiro sandstorm a dhintay ciidanka 50000th boqorkii Cambyses Faaris.
• In 1928 ee Ukraine dabaysha laga cabsado Bole 15 million. Ton oo ciidda madow ka aag of 1 million sq Km, kuwaas oo ciidda ayaa lagu dhaqaaqay in Carpathians, Romania, iyo Poland, halkaas oo ay degeen u qaaday..
• In 1983, duufaanka xooga badan in waqooyiga gobolka Victoria ee Australia ayaa daboolay magaalada Melbourne.
• In xagaagii 2007 ee Karachi iyo Baluchistan iyo gobolladaba Sindh waxaa kacay duufaan xoog leh oo roobabkii mahiigaanka in ay raaceen, ayaa keentay in dhimashada ku saabsan 200 oo qof.
• In May 2008, ee Mongolia ay sabab u tahay ciid ahayd meel duufaanka dilay 46 qof.
• Bishii September 2015 daran "Sharav" (sandstorm) xaaqan ee meel weyn ee Bariga Dhexe iyo Waqooyiga Afrika. Hard dhuftay reer binu Israa'iil, Masar, Falastiin, Lubnaan, Urdun, Saudi Arabia iyo Suuriya. Wax khasaare nafeed.

Ugu dambeyntii, qayb ka mid ah dabaylaha ciidda leeska

dabeylo ciidda Mars dhacaan sida soo socota. Maaddaama ay farqiga u xoog badan ee heerkulka u dhexeeya dhumucda barafka iyo hawada diiran on cidhifka caalamka koonfurta horjeeda cap Mars waxaa jira, dabayl weyn, daruuraha Carro kor u weyn oo cas-brown. Oo halkan waxaa jira saamaynta ay. Qubarada badankooda ayaa aaminsan ciidda Mars ciyaari karaa doorka la mid ah sida daruuraha uu dumo. Kulaylinta jawiga ay dhacdaa marka nuugista iftiinka qoraxda by ciidda.