Caasimadda ah ee Bulgaria. The soo jiidashada dalxiiska caanka ah ee Sofia

Quruxda iyo jir Sofia labaxdo soo dhaweeyay guests ay, taasoo muujinaysa hodan ku badan magaalada laftiisa iyo Bulgaria oo dhan dalka cajiib ah. Dad badan oo ku reebaya iyo dareenka kaydsatay yaqaano jiidashada dalxiiska ee magaalada caasimadda ah - tusaalooyinka ugu qatarsan ee Dr Makumbe naqshadaha, matxafyada, tiyaatarrada, beeraha, god, suuqyada, dukaamo qaraami ah, makhaayadaha soo dhawaynta iyo walxaha kale oo badan oo xiiso leh.

Taariikhda Sofia taariikhda dib u qoto dheer ee tobankii. Oo dalkana on taas oo ah caasimadda ah ee Bulgaria, in marxalad ee Neolithic ee la degganaa dad heer hoose ah. In VII ah. BC. e. halkan waxaa jiray magaalada Serdica. Magaca casriga ah - Sofia (Giriigga - "xigmad") - magaalada ayaa helay qarnigii XIV ah. Waxa uu marar badan Halaagnay iyo ka soo qaado gacantii maray in ay gacanta, waxa ay ahayd xarun muhiim ah oo Labaad Bulgarian Empire, iyo tan iyo 1382 ayaa ku hoos noolaayeen xukunka Turkish. Xaaladda "caasimada Bulgaria" Sofia ayaa heshay kaliya ee 1879, ka dibna si tartiib ah u bilaabay inuu qaab beddelo la urub Yurub. Nasiib wanaag, Bulgarians yihiin awood u kaydinta xasuusta taariikhiga ah. Ilaa maantadan la joogo, taasoo ah magaalada ugu weyn ee dalka ku hadhay in ka badan 250 taxadiri taariikhiga markhaati u dhaafay hodanka iyo adag, Sophia, taas oo sababtay feature a of muuqaalka magaalada sida, sida isku dar ah ee Hababka naqshadda ka tirsan kooxaha qowmiyadaha kala duwan iyo da'da.

baarka Sofia hayo fiican naqshadaha kaniisad hannaanka. Rotunda ee St. George dhisay by Romans ee qarnigii IV ee xarunta deegaanka gooyo Konstantina Velikogo. Markii hore waxaa la isticmaalaa sidii baptistery a - dhismaha for dhammaystirka xaflad ee baabtiiskii, ka dibna sida kaniisad Christian, iyo ka dib qabsashadii dhamaadka qarnigii XIV ah. Bulgarian Turkiga ayaa la beddelay masaajid. museum waxaa lagu haynayaa kaniisadda ugu da'da weyn Sofia.

Caasimadda ah ee Bulgaria waxaa loo magacaabay sharaf ah dhismayaasha qadiimiga cajiib ah - Sophia Hagia ah, soo bandhigay Stamp magaalada gaashaan. Waxaa ugu da'da weyn (ka dhisay VI ah.) Oo shaqeynayaa kaniisadda Orthodox ee dunida. On dhulka macbudka waa Qabriga Askariga la aqoon, oo soo socda, in park a raaxo iyo qurux - jiidashada kale oo xiiso leh - Dhakhaatiirta 'Monument, heegan u ah shaqaalaha daryeelka caafimaadka iyo ciidamada Ruush ku dhintay dagaalka Ruush-Turkish.

Cathedral ee St. Alexander Nevsky degan xarunta of laba jibbaaran in magiciisa furaa. The sharafta leh macbudka-taallo loo dhisay sida calaamad oo ah mahadceliyay dadka Ruush waayo xoraynta ee Bulgaria ka harqoodka urub oo heegan u ah gargaaraha jannada of Alexander Emperor ee II, St. Aleksandru Nevskomu.

Caasimadda ah ee Bulgaria waa dhibic ka mid ah kulanka dhaqamada Yurub iyo Oriental. Sofia waa mid ka mid ah oldest macbudyo Muslim in Europe, loo yaqaan Banya Khaliif Rooble, taas oo macnaheedu yahay Ruush "wax badan oo bad la yidhaahdo." Tusaale fiican oo ah naqshadda dhismaha urub la dhisay qarnigii XVI ka on a HBS kaamerada dabiiciga ah.

Waayo, kuwii ku caashaqi jiray dhabta ah ee caasimada safarka ee Bulgaria - mid ka mid ah magaalooyinka ugu qadiimiga evoropeyskih - soo jiidasho leh ma aha oo kaliya tiro balaadhan oo ah soo jiidashada. dabiiciga ah u qurux badan, badan oo ilo macdanta, miisaanka xafladaha dhaqanka weyn ka dhacaya halkan iyo kaabayaasha saaray Sofia on par leh xarumaha dalxiiska waaweyn ee adduunka ee.