Bronchodilators: Liiska daawooyinka, saamaynta iyo codsiga. dirka bronchodilators

Muhiimad weyn u ah nolosha aadanaha waa habka neefsashada. A daciifiyey habka difaaca, iyo cudurada kala duwan ee ka cadhaysiinina karaa cudurrada neef mareenka in si toos ah saameyn tayada nolosha. Waayo, daawaynta cudurada sida dhakhaatiirta-isticmaalka diyaarinta bronchodilators. Next, ka fiirso sida daroogada, oo ay kala soocidda iyo isticmaalka in cudurro kala duwan oo ka mid ah xubnaha neefsashada.

Waa maxay bronchodilators

Si ka mid ah bronchodilators daroogada iyo daroogo in laga nafiso bronchospasm iyo la dagaalanka sababaha Cidhiidh bronki.

In waxa laga yaabaa inuu dhaco cudurada wadamada sida, sii fikiro.

Waa kuwee cudurada la isticmaalayo bronchodilators

Waxaa jira tiro ka mid ah cudurada, taas oo laga yaabaa in calaamadaha soo socda:

• Bronchospasm.
• Barar.
• Hypersecretion of xab.
• Bronchoconstriction.

Horumarinta ee calaamadaha sida waa u suurtoobaan cudurada soo socda:

• COPD.
• neefta bronki.
• Obstructive boronkiitada ba'an.
• obliterans Bronchiolitis.
• Bronchiectasis.
• cystic fibrosis.
• Ciliary Tardive syndrome.
• Kobac Bronchopulmonary.

bronchodilators of noocyo kala duwan oo loo isticmaali karaa si looga hortago in bronchospasm.

noocyada bronchodilators

wershedaha dawooyinka soo saara dhawr nooc oo ah dawooyinka kooxdan:

• Kiniiniga.
• Sharoobada.
• Daawooyinka la isku duro.
• Neefsado.
• Nebulizers.

Sidoo kale waxa loo qaybin karaa fasalo dhowr ah oo bronchodilators.

Qoondaynta iyo liiska daroogada

1. Agonister. Kooxdan waxaa ka mid ah daawooyinka in ay awoodi karaan in ay joojiyaan weerarrada ee xirma bronki. By hawshooda u soo dhaweeyayaasha adrenergic waxay dejineysaa muruqyada bronkie. Haddii aan ka fiirsan bronchodilators kuwan, liiska daawooyinka waa sida soo socota:

• "Epinephrine".
• "Isoprenaline".
• "Salbutamol".
• "Fenoterol".
• "Ephedrine".

2. M holinoblokatory. Waxaa sidoo kale loo isticmaalaa si loo joojiyo weerarrada ee xirma bronki. Daroogooyinka in kooxdan oo aan la sii daayay dhiiga oo aan haysan talaabo systemic. Waxay la isticmaali karaa neefsasho oo kaliya. Waxaad samayn kartaa liiska soo socda ee daroogada:

• "Sulfate Atropine."
• "Metacin".
• "Bromide Ipratropium."
• "Flomax".

3. inhibitors Phosphodiesterase. Brohoobstruktsii jaray weeraro by nasto muruqa bronki siman by dhigaalka calcium in reticulum ku endoplasmic ay sabab u tahay hoos u of ay tiro gudahood gacanta. Hagaajinta hawo durugsan, function aperture ah. Kooxdan waxaa ka mid ah:

• "Theophylline".
• "Theobromine".
• "Eufillin".

Isticmaalka daroogada waxay keeni karaan wareer, tachycardia, hoos u dhac af cadaadiska dhiigga.

4. xasiliya xuubka unug baruurta. Loo isticmaalo si gaar ah loogu talagalay ka hortaga ee dabac bronki. Xannibi channels calcium ood goynaysaan laga yaabaa galo calcium galay unugyada waaweyn, oon ku xadgudbay degranulation iyo histamine ay dhalid. Waqtiga weerarka soo baxay, daawooyinka, kuwaas oo hore u xumaada. Waxay waxaa loo isticmaalaa foomka of kiniin ama xogta lagu neefsado. Liiska daawooyinka waa sida soo socota:

• "Nedocromil."
• "Nedocromil".
• "Ketotifen".

5. corticosteroids. Daawooyinkan waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu daaweeyo noocyo adag oo neefta bronki. Waxa kale oo loo isticmaali karaa ka hortagga iyo gargaarka weeraro bronchospasm. Liiska waa in ka mid ah daawooyinka hoos ku qoran:

• "Hydrokortisoni".
• "Prednisolone".
• "Dexamethasone".
• "Triamitsinolon".
• "Beclomethasone".

6. blockers Calcium channel. Loo isticmaalo cupping bronhoobstuktsii. Sababo la channel calcium ka xanibeen calcium seego gacanta, taasoo keentay in nasashada ee tuubooyinka bronki. Yaraynaysaa dubaaxin, weynaadaa weelashii wadnaha iyo durugsan. Waayo, daawooyinka kooxdaan waxaa ka mid ah:

• "Nifedipine".
• "Isradipine".

7. Daawooyinka la tallaabo antileukotriene. Joojinta receptors leukotriene kor u hawomareenno nasashada. Isticmaal noocan ah daawada ka hortagga weerarada bronki.

Waxay aad u wax ku ool ah in daaweynta cudurada ka dhasha isticmaalka daba dheeraaday ee non-steroidal, daawooyinka anti-bararka jira. Qaybtan waxaa ku jira daawooyinka soo socda:

• "Zafirlukast".
• "Montelukast."

Gaba, waa in la sheegay in bronchodilators ay tallaabo toos ah ugu horrayn on hawomareenno nasashada, laakiin siyaabo kala duwan. Marka la eego kuwan sifooyinka bronchodilators, cudur la xiriira oo u shaqeeyo gaar ah bukaan-socodka, waxaa lagu qori karaa daaweyn wax ku ool ah.

Spirography bronchodilator

Wixii sahan dadka bukaanka ah oo inta badan ay leeyihiin cudurrada xubnaha neefsashada, magacaabay spirography. Inta badan kiisaska ay jiraan calaamadaha soo socda:

• Qufac in uusan joojin muddo dheer horeba.
• Neefta oo ku qabata.
• neefsashada ayaa laga maqlayay hinraagid, Foodhi.
• Haddii ay dhibaato kaa haysato neefsashada.

Habka Sahankan wuxuu kuu ogolaanayaa inaad si loo ogaado isbedel ku mugga sambabada iyo ka shaqeynayaan. Habkani waa mid amaan ah, laakiin waxa ay ku siinaysaa macluumaad badan oo ujeeddo ah daaweynta ku ool ah.

Si ay u qabtaan spirography noqon kartaa bronchodilators isticmaalo. List of daroogada waxaa ka mid ah waxaa laga yaabaa in ay medicaments soo socda:

• "Berotek".
• "Ventalin".

Spirography bronchodilator sameeyaa ka hor iyo ka dib qaadashada daawada, si aad u ogaato sida qalab ku shaqeeyo sambabada. Sidoo kale, haddii daawooyinka waxaa loo isticmaalaa, nasto tuubooyinka bronki, waxaa ka go'an in bronchospasm karo ama karin. Daawada la helay by nebulizer ama buufis.

Ka kaxaynta neefta

Jooji si daroogada loo isticmaalo neefta inaad fiiro. Bronchodilators ee asmada waa daroogo ugu muhiimsan oo lagama maarmaan u neef ah si aad isaga celiso weerarada lama filaan ah iyo sidoo kale prophylaxis ay. Tani waxay ka mid noqon kara noocyada soo socda ee bronchodilators:

• Beta-agonister.
• daroogada Anticholinergic.
• "Theophylline".

Daawooyinka oo ka mid ah labada kooxood ugu horeysay waxaa fiican in la qaato iyadoo la isticmaalayo daawada ama nebulizer.

Marka weerar neefta ayaa dhexdeenna ka baahi degdeg ah si ay u bixiyaan gargaar ujeedadaas, a-simaha gaaban lagu neefsado. Waxay si dhakhso ah looga saari siidaynta sambabbada bronchospasm. daqiiqo gudahood, bronchodilators yareeyo laga yaabaa in xaaladda bukaanka, iyo saamaynta sii for 2-4 saacadood. Iyada oo gargaar ah ee daawada ama nebulizer ka saari kara weerarka bronchospasm guriga. Qaabkan bixinta daroogada nidaamka neef-yaraynaysaa tirada waxyeellooyinka suurtagalka ah, ka duwan kiniin qaadashada ama irbado waxaa looga baahan yahay si aad u hesho dhiiga.

Isticmaalka weeraro bronchodilators simaha-gaaban, waa in aynu ogaannaa in tani ay tahay oo kaliya ambalaas. Haddii aad u baahan tahay in ka badan laba jeer toddobaadkii u isticmaalaan, waa in aad la tashato dhakhtar. Waxaa laga yaabaa in ay lagama maarmaan tahay in la xoojiyo gacanta koorsada cudurka, waxaa laga yaabaa in aad u baahan tahay in ay dib u hababka daaweynta.

Xakameeyo bronchodilators qalal

In si ay u sii qalal ah gacanta, waa in aad isticmaasho a bronchodilators dheer-simaha. Waxay sidoo kale la qaadi karaa by neefsasho. Saamaynta la hayn doonaa ilaa 12 saacadood. daroogada waxaa ka mid ah kuwan soo socda:

• "Formoterol". Waxay qaadataa saamayn 5-10 daqiiqo gudahood. Waxaa loo isticmaali karaa ka saareen weerarka iyo in ay iyaga daaweeyo. Waxaa loo isticmaali karaa carruurta, laakiin kaliya iyada oo ay kormeerayaan qof weyn.
• "Salmetorol". Sidoo kale ka saaraysaa weeraro daqiiqo gudahood. Saamaynta sii socoto ilaa 12 saacadood. daroogada waxaa loo isticmaali karaa oo kaliya dadka waaweyn.

daaweynta boronkiitada

Dabcan, inta badan kaliya loo baahan yahay bronchodilators boronkiitada. Gaar ahaan haddii cudurka ayaa in marxaladda chronic ama xirma bronki ayaa lagu arkay. Wixii lagu daaweyn jiray boronkiitada, waxaad isticmaali kartaa badan oo bronchodilators. Liiska daawooyinka u ekaan karaan sidan oo kale:

• "Izadrin".
• "Ipradol".
• "Salbutamol".
• "Flomax".
• "Eufillin".

saamayn aad u wanaagsan in daaweyn jiray boronkiitada waxaa lagu gaarayaa iyada oo la isticmaalayo bronchodilators for neefsasho la isticmaalayo mashiinka ama daawada. Xaaladdan oo kale, bronchodilator, sida 'salbutamol', si toos ah galaa diiradda bararka oo uu bilaabo inuu saamayn dhibaatada aan helo dhiiga waqti isku mid ah. Tani waxay si weyn u yaraynaysaa muujinta dhibaato in ay daroogada. Waxaa kaloo muhiim ah in nidaamyadan waa la fulin karo iyo carruurta oo aan wax waxyeelo caafimaad, laakiin in ay saamayn weyn ku daaweynta cudurka.

Haddaba dhawr eray oo ku saabsan dhacdooyinkan gurracan bronchodilators.

waxyeellooyin

Marka la isticmaalayo bronchodilators gaaban ama muddo-simaha is illowsiin kartaa waxyeellooyin ah. Marka aad hesho a bronchodilators simaha gaaban - waa sida 'salbutamol', 'terbutaline, "" fenoterol "- waa ka dhalan kara aan loo baahnayn:

• Dawakh.
• Madax xanuun.
• Shimbirka, gariir ee addimmada waxay aad.
• Jitters.
• Tachycardia, wadno.
• Arrhythmia.
• La kordhiyo cadaadiska dhiigga.
• Diidmo.
• Hypokalemia.

daawooyinka sii daayo joogtada ah, sida "Salmeterol" "formoterol", lagu gartaa dhibaatooyinka soo socda:

• Gariirka ee gacmaha iyo cagaha.
• Dawakh.
• Madax xanuun.
• shimbirka muruqa.
• Wadno.
• Isbeddelada xagga dhadhanka.
• Lalabbo.
• khalkhal hurdo.
• Hypokalemia.
• Bukaanka qaba neefta laga yaabaa in bronchospasm socda ee daran.

At dhacdo of waxyeelo kasta waa inaad u sheegtaa dhakhtarkaaga si aad u qabsato qiyaasta ama la bedelo daawada.

sababo

Waxaa jira cudurro qabtay oo isticmaalka waa u bronchodilators simaha muddo gaaban. kuwaas oo:

• Tayroodh.
• cudurka wadnaha.
• Hypertension.
• Diabetes.
• Cirrhosis.

Sidoo kale waa inaad aad uga taxadirtaa in joogitaanka xaaladahan marka aad helaysay bronchodilators kooxaha kale.

Fiiro gaar ah sidoo kale in haweenka uurka leh waxaa fiican inaad doorato a bronchodilators simaha-gaaban. Duration daroogada "Theophylline" ee la qaadi karo si 2 eego ma aha in ka badan 1 jeer maalintii. Ka hor inta dhalmada ee 2-3 toddobaad waa lagama maarmaan in la baabi'iyo soo dhaweynta bronchodilators dheer-simaha.

Waxaa xusid mudan in dhammaan bronchodilators laga yaabaa in la siiyo caruurta, hooyooyin iyo haweenka uurka leh.

Ka hor inta isticmaalka daawooyinka, kuwaas oo hubi inaad la tashato dhakhtarkaaga.

ganaaxyada

Haddii aad qoondeeyey bronchodilators, isticmaalka daroogada iyo qiyaasta waa in si adag loo arkay in ay ka fogaadaan waxyeelo u lahayn caafimaadkiisa.

Daaweynta carruurta iyadoo la isticmaalayo mashiinka ama daawada bronchodilator a si adag loo sameeyo iyada oo ay kormeerayaan qof weyn.

Waa in loo feejignaadaa daaweynta aadanuhu isagoo:

• rabshooyin garaaca wadnaha.
• Cadaadis dhiig oo sarreeya.
• Diabetes mellitus.
• Gulukooma.

Digniin waa in la isticmaalaa la sympathomimetics bronchodilators kale. Fiiro gaar ah in la horumariyo karaa hypokalemia maamulka saameen leh theophylline, corticosteroids, diuretics.

Bronchodilators waa in la qaato kaliya on qoro. Xusuusnow in isku-daawo waa naf-gooyada ah.