Hal-abuurka A. N. Ostrovskogo taagan ishaartay of our riwaayadaha qaranka. Fonvizin, Griboyedov iyo Gogol ka billaabay abuuridda of tiyaatarka Ruush weyn. Iyada oo agaa of riwaayadaha Ostrovsky, iyadoo ubax ee tayadiisa iyo xirfad riwaayadaha soo sara kacay in meelaha cusub. La yaab ma laha naqdi ah Odoyevski xusay in si Ostrovsky suugaanta Ruush ahaayeen oo kaliya 3 of Riwaayadda: "Oaf", "Waxaa iska hoogay ka Wit" iyo "Isbatooraha". Play "musallif" ayuu u yeedhay kii afraad, adkaynaya in ay tahay rukunka soo dhaafay la waayay on taas oo loo taagay doonaa "dhismaha" sharafta leh ee tiyaatarka Ruush.
From the "musallif" in "Storm"
Haa, waa la comedy "dadkiisa - la tiriyey" (magaca labaad ee "musallif") bilaabmaa caan ballaaran Aleksandra Nikolaevicha Ostrovskogo, riwaayadaha, mideysan hal-abuurka iyo masterfully uqaabaynta dhaqanka ugu fiican ee dugsiga "dabiiciga ah" - ka dhaqan-nafsi iyo garneel. Noqoshada "Columbus Zamoskvorechye," ayuu shaaca ka qaaday in ay dunida ilaa haatan stratum la garanayn nolosha Ruush - celceliska iyo baayacmushtariyadii yar yar iyo bourgeoisie yar yar, ka muuqataa in uu aqoonsiga shaaca ka qaaday, sida, characters cad dhalaalaya xoog iyo xaqiiqada xumida adag dunida ee kala iibsanayo iyo, Munaafaqnimada, la'aanta falalkooda sare iyo hadafyada . Tani waxay dhacday 1849. Oo marka hore uu qoraa play waaweyn qeexaysaa taabtona waa nooc gaar ah oo qof kuwaas oo mar kale iyo mar kale ayuu muuqan doonaa, ka Samson Silych Big Titus Titych Bruskova ka "In cunid ah Iiddii qalaad" ka dibna si Marfe Ignatevne Kabanovoy iyo Savely Prokopievich Wild ka "Storm The" - nooca daalim yeedhay aad si sax ah iyo si cad oo waxay ku dhaadhacday, in la xidhey ugu mahad, hadal our nolol maalmeedka. Under this category ku haboon yihiin dadka si buuxda xad ka macquulka ah oo moral, caadooyinka anshaxa ee noolaanshaha aadanaha. "Samodurov nolosha Ruush" la odhan jiray naqdiya Dobrolyubov Wild iyo Kabaniha oo wakiil ka ah "boqortooyada mugdi ah" in Ostrovsky ee "Biriqleh".
Kibir sida ugub ah dhaqan-nooca
Ina keena aynu this ifafaale more baaro. Waa maxay sababta ay jiraan Murtadinta yaryar ee bulshada? First of dhan ka wacyigelinta ee u gaar ah awood buuxda oo waadaxa ah, Nigeria dhamaystiran oo danaha iyo ra'yiga dadka kale ka badan la iyaga u gaar ah, dareen xisaabtan la'aanta iyo la'aanta iska caabin ah oo ku saabsan qayb ka mid ah dhibanayaasha. Sidaas daraadeed waxa la tusay oo "boqortooyadiisii madow" in Ostrovsky "Boor". Duur-joogta iyo Kabanova - dadka ugu taajirsan ee magaalo yar oo Kalinov, yaal bangiga ee Volga ah. Money u ogolaanaya inay dareemaan muhiimadda gaarka ah iyo muhiimadda ay leedahay. Waxay iyaga siin talada iyo - dadka gurigiisa u sarreeysiiyey, in ka badan la yaab ah, xoogaa ku tiirsan dadkan, iyo dheeraad ah - in ka badan ra'yiga dadweynaha ee magaalada. "Boqortooyada Madow" ee Ostrovsky ee "Biriqleh" cabsi by xaqiiqada ah in Halaagtay ama mangles muujinta yar ee dibad, isbeddellada mid ka mid ah xorriyadda iyo madaxbannaanida. Kibir - waddada tooska ah ee addoonsiga. Sidoo kale, waxaa kharribanta labadaba "sayid nolosha", iyo kuwa ku xiran tahay iyaga on, ay neefta kalliftey of dhan khubad ku biirinaya horumarinta nolosha dadweynaha ee Russia. Taasi waa sababta, by qeexidda Dobrolyubova "boqortooyada mugdi ah" in Ostrovsky ee "Biriqleh" oo uu macnihiisu yahay kibir.
khilaafka riwaayadaha
Iyada oo faham qoto dheer oo xaqiiqda, qoraaga wuxuu ahaa awoodaan in ay sawir ugu weyn oo muhiim ah iyada. In ka pre-habaynta 1859 uu hoos aragti ah safarka ay weheliyaan Volga ee 1856-1857 ka ahaa. abuuraa play ah, ka dib aqoonsan yahay mid ka mid ah uu shuqulladiisa ugu fiican - riwaayadaha ah "Biriqleh". Waa maxay xiiso leh: oo kaliya muddo bil ah ka dib markii ciyaar ay ahayd in ka badan, dhacdooyinka Kostroma ka dhacay sida ay timmaado tarmo shaqada suugaanta. Tani micneheedu waa maxay? Just sida saxda ah waxaan dareemayaa iyo maleynayaa in khilaafka Alexander iyo sida xaqiiqda ka tarjumaysaa "boqortooyada mugdi ah" ee "Biriqleh" play ah.
Ostrovsky inayan khasaare ahayn sida khilaafka ugu weyn doortay khilaaf ugu weyn ee nolosha Ruush - imaadka u dhexeeya mabda'a xisbiga konserfatifka, oo ku salaysan dhaqanka raggu sameeyey qarniyo badan oo ku saleysan yihiin unquestioned amar, anshaxa, iyo reebay on gacanta ku hal, oo dhinaca kale ah - bilowgii caasiyoobay, hal abuur iyo nool , baahida loo qabo in shakhsiga in ay jebiyaan ku qufulan, inay hore u socdaan in horumarka xagga ruuxa. Sababtoo ah ma aha oo kaliya duurjoogta ah iyo Kabaniha gudashada "boqortooyada mugdi ah" ee "Biriqleh" play ah. Ostrovsky caddeeyo in yar isaga ustupnichestvo connivance iyo ogolaanshaha si toos ah loo wareejiyay darajo ee la socotay aadanaha.
falsafadda ah "boqortooyada madow"
From the lines ugu horeysay ee ciyaarta soo galay our miyir jabsaday laba cunsur: bannaan ee xorta ah ee Volga ah, Vistas cajiib ah, jahooyinka ballaaran oo sultry, jawiga oo uxun awgii, filasho xanuun badan oo naxdin leh qaar ka mid ah oo u harraadsan, waayo, cusboonaysiinta. Wakiillada oo ka mid ah "boqortooyada mugdi ah" ee "Storm" play yaabi cataclysms dabiiciga ah, iyaga arkaya sida muujin ka timid cadhada Ilaah iyo Cadaab mustaqbalka, Waayo, dembiyadaydii - cad iyo khayaali ah. Tani waxay soo celin waqtiga oo dhan Marfa, eg yahay iyo Duurjoogta. On codsi Kuligina ugu deeqay lacag dhismaha ul hillaac muwaadiniinta waxaa ku eedeysay a: "Biriqleh de la siiyo ciqaab ah, iyo aad, sidaas-oo-ay sidaas tahay, Sayidka Rabbiga ahu wuxuu doonayaa difaaca lixaad." tacliiq Tani waxay si cad u muujinaysaa falsafada ah in dhaqmayso wakiilada "boqortooyada mugdi ah" ee "Storm" play: ma aad iska caabin ah kartaa in adkaaday qarniyo, ma aan tegi karo ka dhanka ah doonista ama ciqaab ka kor ku xusan, is-hoosaysiinta iyo dhiibay inuu sii heerarka anshaxa of our time. Waxa xiiso leh isu Murtadinta yar oo madax Kalinov ma aha oo kaliya aaminsanahay in si this ee wax, laakiin sidoo kale in la aqoonsado oo kaliya xaq u leeyahay.
Prude ku hoos gambanaya arimo ah ee falku
"Boqortooyada Madow" ee cayaarta by A. N. Ostrovskogo "Storm The" waa badan dhinac. Laakiin tiirarka waxaa ka mid ah in meesha ugu horeysa waa duurjoogta ah, iyo Kabanov. Marfa, xaaskiisa kula baayacmushtari jirtay portly ee, waxay sayidaddeedii ku ah ee guriga, ka danbeeya xayndaabka sare waa ilmada aan la arki karin shubtay dhacaya dulli maalin kasta ee sharafta aadanaha iyo doonista xorta ah, waxaa lagu magacaabaa in play si cad - prude ah. iyada oo ku saabsan odhan: "tuugsanaya macawamada samafal, aadaa kaniisadda, baabtiisay dadaal iyo qoyska cuno cunidda, indhuhuu sida miridhku bir ah." sharciyada Dibadda ee Qarniyadii hore ayay isku dayo inuu ka dhigaan wax walbo, iyadoo aan si gaar ah daryeelka ku saabsan content gudaha. Kabaniha og yahay in ka yar waa in addeeca oday u baahan yahay agagaarka indhaha la'aa addeecid. Markii aan qaybsadeen, Catherine Tikhon ka hor inta uu baxay, ayay ka dhigaysa qaansada at cagaha ninkeeda iyo wiil - guursadee amar uu adag ay u dhaqmaan. Waxaa iyo "Hooyo ma aysan ka horimaan" iyo "Ha fiirin guys ah 'iyo kuwo kale oo badan' rabitaanka." Oo dadkii oo dhammu kuwa haatan jooga waa ogyahay xaaladda December, ay falsity. Kaliya Marfa ku amaanay howlgalka. kaalin muhiim ah masiibada of Katerina sidoo kale u ciyaaray waxa qalloocan yahay nooca wiilkiisa, uu nolosha qoyska, nafta ugu xadgudbaan dadka ku qariyaan oo lagu qasbay in ay sameeyaan Catherine tallaabada khaas ah xagga ugu shishaysa ee Volga ee yaamayska hoos u geli.
Been darajo sharciga
"Boqortooyada Madow" ee riwaayadaha A. ku N. Ostrovskogo "Biriqleh" - kibir in sare ee daliilka ay. Katerina, nolosha is barbar in qoyskiisa iyo qoyska ninkeeda, ogsoon tahay farqiga u muhiim ah: halkan wax walba oo u muuqataa "baxay addoonsiga." Oo waa run. Ama aad hoggaansamaan qawaaniinta iyo xeerarka ka baxsan ee ciyaarta, ama aad masixi budada ah. Kuligin si cad u sheegayaa in asluubta ee "naxariis lahayn." Yaa waa hodan, waxa uu isku dayayaa in uu la addoonsan masaakiinta ay u kordhin lahaayeen beesadood gobolka. swagger isla Wild badan ku tiirsan isaga, Boris: "waxaad iga farxiya doonaa, sidaa darteed waxaan ku siin doonaa dhaxalka!" Laakiin fadlan daalim yar yar waa wax aan macquul aheyn, iyo qaddar ee Boris nasiib darro iyo walaashiis waxaa loo dejiyay. Waxay sii dulleeyay doonaa, oo caayay, mana karayaan iyo isdifaaci. Ma jiraa hab baxay? Waa: inuu la jiifsado, Dodge, ilaa iyo inta ay suurtagal tahay. Sidaas ma walaashiis Tikhon - Varvara. Its samida waa mid fudud: sameeyo waxa aad rabto, ilaa iyo inta aan ninna dareentay, oo dhan "tolaa si aamus" ahaa. Marka Katerina diidan in aan dissemble kartaa, aan beenta, Barbara si fudud u sheegay: "Ma aqaano sida, laakiin aad u baahan tahay si ay u noqdaan - bartay!"
Curly, Barbara iyo kuwa kale
Iyo in guud ahaan matalaan dhibanayaasha ah ee "boqortooyada madow" by A. N. Ostrovskogo riwaayadaha "Biriqleh"? Kuwani waa dadka noloshooda ka jabay, nafaha oo curyaamiyey, dunida moral la googooyay. isla Tikhon The by nooca dabiiciga ah, nin qabow. hooyo talisnimo ku dileen in ugu horreeya oo doonistiisu. Isagu ma iska caabin karaa iyada cadaadis, ha hor istaagina karo, iyo helaa tacsiyaynta cabbid. Si loo taageero naag, aad u hesho on dhankeedi, si ay u difaacaan loo aabo yeelin Kabanovskiy shishadiisa, sidoo kale. At kicinta hooyadiis, wuxuu laayey Katherine, inkasta oo ka qoomameeyey. dhimashada oo uu naagtiisa oo keliya isaga ka dhigaa inuu si cad eedayn hooyada, laakiin waxaa iska cad in aad si deg deg ah fiyuuska mari doonaa oo wax walba isku sii joogi doonaa.
wax wax kale qof kale oo lab - Vanya Kudryash. Taasi erayadiisana lama oo kedis ah, dib dagaal mid kasta oo xitaa "badani" Wild ma roughness ma hoose. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, qof ay tani tahay saamaynta deadening boobay oo ka mid ah "boqortooyada madow". Curly - Nuqul ka mid ah Wild ah, laakiin aan weli dhaqan galay, ma zamaterevshego. Sida marba, waxa uu noqon doonaa mid istaahila in sayidkiisa. Barbara, wuxuu noqday beenaale ah iyo dulqaadan dhibaatayn hooyada, ugu danbeyn guriga ka maqnaato waddaa. Been noqday iyada nooca labaad, oo sidaas daraaddeed halyeeyad u yididiila our naxariis iyo raxmad. Dhiiran Kuligin dhif dhaca in uu iska difaaco hor Murtadinta ilqabad leh "boqortooyada madow". Dhab ahaantii, jirin mid mooyaane Catherine, sidoo kale, iyadoo jidka ag fadhida, dhibbanuhu uusan haysan engegnaantiinna ku filan in la siiyo ilaa this "boqortooyada" tartan.
Maxaad Catherine?
geesiga keliya ee shaqada, mid ka mid ah uu helo go'aanka moral inuu xukumo nolosha iyo caadooyinkii "boqortooyada mugdi ah" ee play A. N. Ostrovskogo "Biriqleh" waa Katerina. Her naturalness, daacadda, impulsiveness kulul, waxyoonay looma oggola in ay ku riday ilaa la kibir iyo dulmi, aqbali wakhtiyada loo Yeedhiyaa tan iyo aadaab domostroevskih. Katherine doonayo inuu jecel, in ay helaan nolol, waxay la kulmaan dareenka dabiiciga ah, ha furmeen oo dunida. Sida shimbir, rabo si aad u hesho off dhulka ku, ka deadening nolosha iyo ku dhici kor samada. Iyadu waa diinta, laakiin ma aha in Kabanovskiy. dabiiciga ah iyada oo sahlan jebiyo laba khilaafka u dhexeeya waajib si ay ninkeeda, jacaylka Boris iyo wacyi Dambigooda Ilaah hortiisa. Oo waxaas oo dhan waa si qoto dheer u kali yeela, oo ka mid ah waxyaalaha moolka dheer oo qalbiga ku jira. Haa, Katherine sidoo kale waa dhibane "boqortooyada madow". Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ayay u suurtagashay in ay jebiyaan Biro Naar ah. aasaaska da'da jir ah la gariiriyey. Oo waxaan u awoodin inuu sheeg wax soo saarka kale - ma aha oo kaliya uu dhintay, laakiin dibad at dhan.