Alloys biraha

Alloys Birta yihiin nidaamka dareeraha ah iyo adag. Waxay waxaa la aasaasay by alloying laba ama ka badan oo xubno ka. Connect Biraha ayaa sidoo kale kala duwan. dheer Asal ahaan ku qeexan gudbiyo oo kaliya in ay qalabka isagoo guryaha macdan ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, horumarinta deg deg ah ee technology iyo qeexidda of physics aad bay u balaariyay oo faafin.

Biraha iyo Alloys biraha hubkaas ayaa loo isticmaalaa in soo saaridda qalabka dhismaha, mashiinada, qalabka iyo waxyaabo kale. Inkastoo baahsanaanta cadaalad sare ee wax soo saarka abuuraa macmal ah, sheyga oo ka mid ah waxyaabaha kor ku xusan inta badan sameeyaan saleysan design, iyo khubaro saadaaliyo in mustaqbalka dhow, wuu dhawri doonaa si ay.

Dhulka iyo cawaaqib xumadoodu waxay alkali Biraha (K, Na, Ca, Li) ee gobolka a free waxaa loo isticmaalaa in tigoodu nuclear sida bir dareere ah. Sodium waxaa loo isticmaalaa sida Hannaan ah ee soo saaridda of caag, lithium - dawooyinkii uu xoog leh, xeryahooda aluminium khafiifa. Waxay waxaa loo isticmaalaa in diyaaradaha.

Biraha (Biraha saldhig) waxaa laga helaa si dabiici ah ee cusbada, oxides iyo senti. Caadi ahaan, qaab saafi ah ee dabiiciga ah xubno ka yihiin kiimikaad ahaan xasilloon (AU, PT, CU, Ag). Ka mid ah xubno ka furan wakhtiyeysan ee System Mendeleyev toddobaatan lix tixraac Biraha, Si, Se, GE, Te , As - xubnaha dhexe dhexeeya Biraha iyo nonmetals, waxay mararka qaarkood loo yaqaan, iyo semimetals.

qalabka macdan ah waxaa loo kala saaraa laba kooxood oo waaweyn. Kan koowaad waa bir iyo Alloys ay (bir iyo bir), in mid labaad - Biraha cuntrooyinka iyo Alloys biraha cuntrooyinka. Arintaan, markeeda, kala qaybsan yihiin:

- iftiinka (cufnaanta ilaa 5 grams / cm3);

- culus (cufnaanta ka badan 10 grams / cm3 weyn);

- fusible (la dhibic barafku ka mid ah ka 232 si ay u 410 degrees);

- madax adkaadeen (heerkulka barafka badan in bir weyn);

- Noble (isagoo iska caabin ah daxalka sare).

Biraha leeyihiin guryaha kala duwan. Sidaas darteed, tusaale ahaan, mercury fariisiyo sarkhaansan yihiin heerkulka laga jaray 38.8 degrees, tungsten, oo awood u Riiqdeediina heerkulka hawlgalka ilaa 2000 degrees, sodium, lithium, potassium xumbo biyo, iyo osmium iyo iridium ka culus yahay lithium ee laba iyo afartan jeer. Xaqiiqo ahaan dhan Alloys biraha leeyihiin sifooyinka of taas oo lagu qeexay sida qaabka iyo Halabuurka ee xarunta sidii qaboojinta iyo solidification shuruudaha, daaweynta farsamo iyo kaamerada. Qaboojinta ama kuleylka gacan ka bedesho qaabka xeryahooda birta. Tani, markeeda, ayaa saameyn ku leh guryaha jireed, farsamo iyo kiimikada, dhaqanka ee wax lagu jiro processing iyo isticmaalka.

Khubarada aqoonsado sifooyinka guud ee biraha iyo Alloys soo socda:

1. conductivity kaamerada High.
2. ductility kordhay.
3. conductivity High korontada.
4. Halbeegga heerkulka wanaagsan ee iska caabin korontada. ratio waxa uu ka dhigan koror iska caabin ah la heerkulka kordhiyo, iyo marka heerkulku u dhow eber buuxda - superconductivity qalab badan oo macdan ah.
5. reflectivity High. qalabka macdan ah ma yihiin hufan oo ay leeyihiin luster ah macdan ah dabeecad u.
6. warshadu hawada Thermionic - awood u leh inay dhaadheer electrons markii kululeeyo.
7. In dhismeedka crystal gobolka adag.

Si loo garto oo loo xaqiijiyo guryaha in ay leeyihiin Alloys biraha, khabiiro u isticmaalaan qaabab kala duwan si ay gacanta ku, oo ay ku jiraan burbur. Sidaas darteed, qalabka macdan imtixaanay plasticity, xoog, caabiga kulaylka, iyo caabiga daxalka. Isla mar ahaantaana waxay codsan hababka gacanta non-burbur. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid cabbirka of magnetic indhaha, guryaha korontada, go'aan index engegnaantiinna aawadeed,.