Alfred Shkliarsky. Biography iyo shaqada qoraaga

The tixaha hadalka qora ku saabsan geesood ugu fog ee dunida, Yeedha akhristayaasha si ay u quudhin cajiib ah si wadajir ah ula geesiyaal ay. taariikhda Alfred Shklyarskii ee muddada fog guudahaan shaaca ka qaaday in akhristaha dalalka aqoon iyo Jinsiyadaha. Magiciisu waa in buugaagta ee safarka iyo caruurta, iyo dadka waaweyn. Laakiin lama filaan ah, qoraaga tixaha xiiso safarka aan jeclaa.

ku saabsan qoraaga

Qoraaga u dhashay dalka Mareykanka ee United, 01/21/1912, in Chicago, kuwaas oo 1908 lagu qasbay inuu hijroodo aabbihiis - dhaqdhaqaaqe iyo xubin ka mid ah Polish Socialist Party. Marka Alfred iyo toban sannadood jiray, qoyska in ay Poland soo laabtay.

Tan iyo 1928 waxay ku noolaa magaaladiisa ee hooyadiis Włocławek, halkaas oo Alfred Shkliarsky dugsiga sare ka qalin. In 1932 wuxuu u dhaqaaqay Warsaw. Alfred galeen Academy of Science siyaasadda ka Qunsuliyadda ah. Wuxuu ka qalin jabiyay 1938 oo helay shahaado. Laakiin si ay u bilaabaan mustaqbalkiisa siyaasadeed uu reebay dagaalka.

At akadeemiga, oo uu kula kulmay naagtiisa mustaqbalka, Christine, kuwaas oo la isku guursateen 1939 ee kaniisadda St. James.

sano oo dagaal ah

Inta lagu guda jiro shaqo, qoyska ku hadhay Poland. Dabayaaqadii 1939, Alfred noqday tifaftiraha wargeyska "New Warsaw Courier", kaas oo la daabacay gacanta ugu soo duulay ee. Under anagu ee Marek Smuha, Alfred Muravsky, Alfred Gruda uu ka badan boqol ka mid ah sheekooyinka iyo tixaha ugu horaysay la daabacay ee "New Courier".

Alfred biiray madaxda sare ee ciidamada Home, kusoo duulay la dirireen, ka qeyb qaatay kacdoonkii Warsaw ee 1944. Ka dib waxa uu u wareegay Krakow, oo tan iyo bishii Febraayo 1945 si qeexan degay Katowice.

Alfred Shkliarsky ee 1949 waxaa lagu xukumay ilaa sideed sano oo xabsi ah Daabacaadan wargeyska "Warsaw Courier" inta lagu guda jiro shaqo ka Nazi. Waxaa lagu soo oogey "falalka ka dhanka ah dadka reer Poland." Writer qudhiisa ayaa difaacay.

Laakiin maxkamadda ma tixgeliyaan qayb ka mid ah Alfred ee Warsaw kacdoonkii, ama uu ka qayb halganka ka dhanka ah ciidamada shaqo ee madaxda sare ee Home ciidanka, halkaas oo uu muujiyey geesinimo iyo saa'ixiinta ah uu dalka. Waxaa ma caawin, iyo goob.

In 1953 Shkliarsky cafis iyo la sii daayay. Markaasuu wuxuu u shaqeeyey sidii editor ah guriga daabacaadda Śląsk ilaa 1977. Writer dhintay sannaddii Katowice 09.04.1992.

hawlaha suugaanta

ugu horeeyay Shklyarskii dhacay waqti marka Poland heystey ciidamada Nazi. Uu tixaha ugu horeysay ayaa loogu talagalay dhagaystayaasha qof weyn: "Iron cidida" (1942), "Dhiig Diamond" (1943), "The qarsoon oo xabaashii" (1944).

Ka dib markii dagaalka, Alfred Shkliarsky wareegtay buug oo Kash Alfred Bronsky ama Fred Garland. The buugga post-dagaal "raad kulul" marka hore (1946), "Saddex Sisters" (1946), "Ha sugin ilaa igu for" (1947) iyo Błędne ognie (1947), qoraal hoos magac maldahan u Alfred Bronskiy lama arag midkood akhristayaasha ama dhaleecayn.

Jabine by qoraaga go'aansaday inuu gacantiisa isku dayaan in abuurista shuqulladiisa loogu talagalay akhristayaasha dhallinyarada. In 1947, uu hoos magac maldahan Fred Garland novel ah ee carruurta ku qoray "Tom waa in dhibaato." Dhab ahaantii, oo wuxuu lahaa oo samir cajiib ah iyo geesinimo. Iyada oo sharaf uu ku xanuunsaday jahli dagaal iyo shaqo Alfred Shkliarsky. Biography ah qoraaga ayaa xaqiijiyay sida uu qofku noqon karaa daacad u ah dalkiisa, akhristayaasha ganacsiga jecel.

In 1951, buugaagta uu ka baxay maktabadaha oo dhan waa la mamnuucay faafreebka. Laakiin waxa uu sii waday in ay sameeyaan, Yeedha akhristayaasha ay dunida ee adventures aan caadi ahayn oo cajiib ah.

In buugga "Tom waa dhibaataysan" wuxuu ku saabsan yahay wiil asal ahaan Polish, kaasoo ku dhashay America. Markuu ogaado oo ku saabsan Warsaw kacdoonkii wargeysyada American, u soo diray inay dalkooda ku saabsan markabka Polish. Laakiin waxa uu helo in Africa, halkaas oo uu ku sugayay tacabur cajiib ah. Book of sugaya guusha, iyo sheeko uu noqdo noocooda ah ee taxanaha ah "The Tacaburka ee Tomek Vilmovskogo".

Tomek iyo saaxiibbadiis

buugga koowaad ee taxanaha "Tomek dalka kangaroo" (1957) ma keenaan guul la filayo. Laakiin at adkeysi ee Tifaftiraha Alfred sii waday in ay ka shaqeeyaan taxanahan, sameeyey kaabidda, ka dib markii talo ah ee publisher. Daabacaadii labaad ayaa ku guuleystay qalbiyada akhristayaasha. Oo sannadaha in raaceen jiray siddeed buugaag badan oo taxanahan.

Tixaha loogu talagalay dhageystayaasha dhallinyarada, editor Shklyarskii aaminsiiyey inuu saxiixo magaca dhabta ah. taxane ah tixaha ku saabsan wiilka sheegayaa Tomek, kuwaas oo u socdaala adduunka oo dhan la saaxiibadaa iyo galaa adventures.

geesiga ah ee buugaagta uu Tomek - ardayga lagu dayan karo, saaxiib wanaagsan oo ka maqsuuday saaxiibtinimo run. taxane ah oo sagaal buugaagta laga buuxiyay la xaqiiqooyinka juquraafi, taariikhda iyo dhaqanka. Waxaa la xoogaa kaftan, waxaa qoran oo racfaan ka qaadan doonto in ay dadka da'yarta ah, waayo, kii qoraaga iyo abuuray shuqulladiisa.

novel ugu dambeeyey ee taxanaha "Tomek dalka reer Fircoon ee" hadhay diiqid. Waxaa la daabacay mahad Adam Zelge, kuwaas oo ugu taamyeelay ku salaysan diiwaanka ururisey qoraaga. novel ayaa waxaa la daabacay 1994.

Forbrydelsen Indian

In iskaashi naagtiisa, Christina leh, Alfred Shkliarsky qoray Forbrydelsen ku saabsan Sioux ah - qabiilka Indian of North America. Cycle "Black Gold Hills" qeexayaa dhaqanka iyo diinta ee dadka wadaniga ah, isku dhacyada u dhexeeya qabiilooyinka Mareykanka Dhaladka, oo ma dayacno dagaalka suuq madow wadaan dadka cad ka dhanka ah qabiilooyinka Indian.

Lagu eedeeyay, tixaha Shklyarskii ku saabsan taariikhda iyo silica ka mid ah dadka of America waxaa la raacio xanuun, maxaa yeelay, iyagu waxay ku qoran by author ah oo soo gaaray shaqo Nazi. Taariikhda naxdinta lahaa dalkiisa, iyo dulmiga ah ee kusoo duulay ayaa tagay calaamad ah oo qoto dheer on nafta qoraaga. Waxa uu rumeysan yahay in taariikhda Americans Native waa ka dhigan in dadka Polish, kaas oo isku dayay in la burburiyo iyo xasuuqid.

Faraqa kaliya ee ahaa in polish ah ee maamula si ay u noolaadaan duulaankii this, iyo barbariyiintiina American ugu danbeyn laga badiyay dalka. Alfred Shkliarsky cambaareeyay khilaafka interracial iyo rabshadaha oo uu had iyo jeer ku dooday in nabadda dunida oo dhan, ma soo dhaweyn kasta oo khilaafaadka caalamiga ah.

tixaha ee taxanahan ahaa guul weyn. Waxay si sax ah cajiib maray xaqiiqooyinka taariikheed, dhaqanka Hindida ah. Wixii akhristayaasha Polish, kuwaas oo ku nool ka dambeeya daah Iron ah, waxay ahayd oo kaliya Xoolo ah oo aqoon iyo helitaan. Qoraaga ah ay aqoon ka buugaag, joornaalada, wargeysyada.

Qoraaga Travel, oo aan jeclahay in ay u safraan

Writer Alfred Shkliarsky hadla Ingiriisi, Jarmal iyo Faransiis. Nice in la ogaado Talyaani. Laakiinse isagu ma uu jecel yihiin in ay u safraan.

Safarka A si Masar, halkaas oo uu markii hore baxay naagtiisa, ma ahayn oo gebi ahaanba guul. Waxay ahayd Alfred lagu sumoobo daran oo qaatay inta badan safarka isbitaalka. Tan iyo markaas, soo celinta la sugayay ee safarada waa inuu naagtiisa, halkaas oo ay mar walba u keenay qadiin ah guriga of sheekooyinka qalaad oo cusub.

qoraaga buugga waxay isagii keeneen warkiisiina wuxuu gaadhay dunida oo dhan. Wuxuu waxaa lagu abaal-marinno dhowr ah, oo ay ku jiraan Orle Pióro (1968) iyo "Order of Smile ah" abaalmarinta, abaal by carruurta (1971). Intaa waxaa dheer, Shkliarsky ahaa laba jeer xusay Ra'iisul Wasaaraha waayo, shuqulladiisa oo loogu talagalay akhristayaasha dhallinyarada (1973, 1987). Waxa uu ahaa xubin ka mid ah ururka qorayaasha Polish.

buugaagta Shklyarskii ayaa lagu turjumey luqado Ruush iyo Bulgaria. Nasiib darro, ma ay lagu daabacay in English. Kaliya ee Poland iyo kow iyo toban milyan oo nuqul ka iibiyey.

tixaha maanta aad ayaa loo jecel, inkastoo xaqiiqda ah in taariikhda oo ay bannaan tahay in ka badan toban sano ka qaaday. Waxay sii wadaan in ay ka heli akhristayaasha iyo aad u badan oo cusub oo ka mid ah dadka waaweyn iyo caruurta.