Alexander Shulgin, farmashiyaha: Biography

Alexander Shulgin - farmashiyaha ah, pharmacologist caan ah American kaas oo horumariyey waxyaaba badan oo casri ah maskaxda.

farmashiyaha Biography

In 1925, Alexander Shulgin ku dhashay Berkeley. Chemist xagga Ilaah, sidaa daraadeed waxa la odhan jiray asxaabta badan iyo kuway isbarteen.

Aabbihiisna wuxuu ahaa nin muhaajir ah ka Russia. Waxa uu ku dhashay Orenburg, wuxuu dibada u dhaqaaqay wax yar ka dib Dagaalkii Sokeeye, in 1923. By xirfad uu ahaa macalin, sida uu naagtiisa. Shulgin hooyadeed ku dhashay Illinois, magaceeduna wuxuu ahaa Henrietta Eyten.

Shulgin ogaaday ka dib markii dhamaadka 70s waxay bilaabeen inay si firfircoon gacan uga kororka of walxaha maskaxda semi-dardaro, wax-u MDMA. In nolol maalmeedka, iyagu waa si fiican u yaqaan kiniini Ecstasy.

Markaasuu soo wada shaqeeyeen naagtiisa. Alexander Shulgin - farmashiyaha, kuwaas oo buugga "Phenethylamines aan ogaa iyo jeclaaday: Chemical Love Story" noqday loo iibsado a wakhtigiisa.

Seynisyahanno ka synthesizing walxaha dardaro. Asal ahaan, Shirkadda Chemical Dow ayaa mustaqbalkiisa a Alexander Shulgin. farmashiyaha ayaa sidoo kale soo shaqeeyay on cayayaanka. mudnaanta ay ka mid patent ah ee ugu horeysay ee adduunka sunta cayayaanka beeraha baaba'aysa. Waa shaqo this ogol yahay Shulgin hesho ogolaansho inay maal ka barato, iyadoo ay sabab u muuqatay ecstasy.

aabbihiis ecstasy

From ka shaqeeya shirkadda kiimikada 1965 dhaqaaqay Alexander Shulgin. Chemist bilaabay barayay jaamacadaha iyo sidoo kale in ay galaan ay cilmi-baarista gaar ah.

Waxa uu cilmi baaris ku psychopharmacology Shulgin bilaabay daawooyin horeba si fiican u yaqaan hallucinogenic sida LSD, mescaline iyo psilocybin. Ka dibna wuxuu diiradda ku saabsan horumarinta design ee ay wax soo saarka gaar ah.

Wada jir ah ula dadka sida maskax, kaas oo ka mid ahaa daraasiin dad dhowr ah, si joogto ah qaatay jirrabaya walxaha cusub Alexander Shulgin. Farmashiyaha, kuwaas oo Biography ula lala daawooyinka maskaxda, xitaa horumariyo ay qiyaasta gaar Shulgin. Iyada oo taageero ka saynisyahan wada jir ah ula saaxiibadii ayuu siiyey tilmaanta saamaynta jidheed, maqalka iyo muuqaalka ah. Kaliya Shulgin aniga on shakhsi ahaan la kulmay ugu yaraan boqol walxaha maskaxda.

Ka qaybqaado tijaabo qaateen oo ay xaaskiisa - Anna Shulgin. Si wada jir ah ay horumariyo a kala duwanaansho kiimikada kala duwan ee ecstasy, taas oo keentay in noocyo kala duwan oo saamayn xiiso leh iyo taban. All tijaabo kuwan waxaa lagu tilmaamay in buugaagta ay.

Markaasaa maanta, dad ku takhasusay in psychopharmacology, Shulgin loo yaqaan "Aabaha."

Haweenaydii farmashiyaha

door weyn ee mustaqbalkiisa Shulgin ayaa ciyaaray naagtiisa. Waxay ahayd 6 sano uu yar.

Ann Shulgin waxa uu ku dhashay kuna soo barbaaray tuulada yar ee Opicina, iyadoo dadka ka mid ah dadka kaliya siddeed kun. Tuulada ayaa waxaa ku yaala Italy, oo u dhow magaalada Trieste. Halkan muddo sannado yar ka hor ka dillaacay ee dagaalkii labaad ee dunida, waxa uu ka shaqeeyay sida qunsulka American aabbeheed.

Xirfadiisa bilaabay sidii therapist a psychedelic. Inkasta oo walxaha maskaxda mashquulin meel sharci suuqa. Ann Shulgin ahaa taageere ah sintaan Haweejkiinna dhexdooda of dhakhtarkaasi Swiss Carl Jung, gaar ahaan uu aragti of psychoanalysis. Eegaysana this, waxaa had iyo goorba carabka ku walax iman kara oo loo isticmaali karaa in lagu daaweeyo cudurro kala duwan.

Shulgin iyo maanta, dhimashada xaaskaaga ka dib, sii wadaan in ay doodo sharciyeynta daroogada psychedelic bukaanada ujeeddooyin-daweynta. My dhibic of view si joogto ah waxay daliil iyo xaq ka dhiga wararka sheegaya in noocyo kala duwan oo miyi ah pharmacological.

In Russia Shulgins shuqullada ka digtoon yihiin. calaamooyin, 2004, Adeegga Control Drug ayaa arkay kor u isticmaalka walxaha laga mamnuucay in buugaagta ay.

PiHKAL

Waxaa ka magacan soo gaabiyo loo yaqaan in ay ugu buugga Shulgins, sii daayay sanadkii 1991. Her magaciisa oo buuxa "phenylethylamine, oo waan ogaa iyo jeclaaday. History A of kiimikada ee jacaylka"

Alexander Shulgin - farmashiyaha ah, sawir ka mid ah qeybtii labaad ee qarnigii XX ayaa inta badan ku daboosho ee wargeysyada caanka ah, ku qoray iibsado dhab ah waqtiga.

Qaybta koowaad ee wax soo saarka muranka this loo yaqaan "Love Story." Wuxuuna qeexayaa si faahfaahsan hordhaca ah, Biography iyo horumarinta xiriirada Aleksanderos iyo Ann Shulgin. Heroes noqday hoos anagu garan karo Alice iyo Shura.

Qaybta labaad ee this shaqo taariikh ahaaneed iyo sayniska waa gebi ahaanba la xarrimay in ay sharaxaad faahfaahsan ee ereygu wuxuu ahaa ee qiyaastii laba boqol iyo psychedelics. Intooda badan ku hawlan in ay Avv laftiisa Shulgin. Intaa waxaa dheer, kuwaas qaadashada, saamayn in ay abuuri karaan walax.

In Russia, buugga waxaa la daabacay 2003 under horyaalka "Phenethylamines aan ogaa iyo jeclaaday." Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxa ugu dhakhsaha badan la waayay ka gadhi dukaamada buuggta ka dib markii ganaax ah oo uu soo saaray Adeegga Control Drug Federaalka.

TiHKAL

In 1997, Shulgin ayaa soo saaray buugiisa labaad pharmacological. shaqada Vosmisotstranichny u huray in daraasadda of tryptamines psychedelic.

Dhab ahaantii, in la sii wado in uu buugga ugu horeysay, oo wuxuu u soo baxay 6 sano ka hor. edition cusub oo turjumaad ah ee asalka ah loo yaqaan "tryptamine si aan u ogaado iyo jacaylka., cidhibta" ah

Like nuqulka kowaad, buuggan ka kooban yahay laba qaybood. The ugu horeysay sheegay buugiisa qorayaal. The ereygu faahfaahsan konton daroogada si buuxda u soocay labaad psychedelic. Sidoo kale waxay bixisaa qiyaasta iyo saamaynta la filayay.

qiyaasta Shulgin

Miisaanka Shulgina details saamaynta in ay soo saaraan walxaha maskaxda on jidhka bini'aadamka. fiiro gaar ah waxaa la siiyaa waqtiga daroogada la qaatay iyo in waxa qiyaasta.

Shulgin ugu horaysay la daabacay oo uu nidaamka 1986, ka dib uu ku tilmaamay in uu buugga ugu horeysay PiHKAL.

Qaaddo si qallafsan loo qaybiyaa afar qaybood. isticmaalka Maandooriyaha, qiyaasta, iyo sharaxaad ka mid ah saamaynta qiyaasta rating ah. Marka aqoonsashada daroogada Shulgin isticmaalaa magaca waydaarsanayeen ee kiimiko ah, sidaas oo aan farmashiyaha waxbarashada aasaasiga ah ugu yaraan in ay fahmaan waxa ay ku adag tahay in uu noqon doono.

Scrupulously qoray tiro maalkii sida ay si toos ah waxay ku xiran tahay saameynta soo saaray. qiyaasta muujinta qoray saamayn muuqaal, maqalka, maskaxda iyo dareenka.

Filimku wuxuu ku saabsan yahay Shulgin

waxgarasho wanaagsan waxbaridda this la daawado karaa filimka "Dirty Sawiro". Waxay ka baxeen sanadkii 2010, by Etienne Sourt faray. Tani biopic documentary-gaaban ku noolaayeen, kuwaas oo sheegayaa si faahfaahsan oo ku saabsan shaqada ee geesiga ah ee qodobkan.

Alexander Shulgin - filim kiimikada kaas oo isla markiiba noqday aad loo jecel yahay. Sidaas darteed, waxa uu leeyahay rating ah mid aad u sarreeya, waayo, documentary film 7.9 website a "kinopoisk".

Agaasimaha filimka ku tilmaamay shuqullada cilmi iyo saynisyahano, kuwaas oo muddo tobannaan sano ku hawlan barashada sida psychedelic daroogada saamayn maskaxda iyo dhaqanka aadanaha.

In filimka, ku tilmaamay si faahfaahsan ujeedooyinkooda iyo xukumay kuwa inta badan lagu eedeeyay in dacaayad daroogada. Inta badan si buuxda nolosha matalayay sida farmashiyaha a Shulgin. Uu guulihii sayniska, talaabooyinka on jidka loo maro aqoonta moolkeeda maanka aadanaha.

Etienne Sourt si fiican u yaqaan in America sida qoraaga of Filimadan taariikh nololeedkooda. Gaar ahaan, wuxuu qaaday sawir "Whitey:. USA vs James J. Bulger". Waxay waxaa ka go'an in ay nolol iyo geeri Burcad ah James Bulger.

In 2011, uu sii daayay sawir ah Madaxweynaha Maraykanka Ronald Reagan.

nolosha Personal

Alexander Shulgin - farmashiyaha, carruurta, kuwaas oo noloshooda aan u muuqday. Isla mar ahaantaana wuxuu naagtiisii, Anne la, in uu aad ugu faraxsan yahay in guurka mudada dheer. Haddaba, wuxuu qabay naag carmal ah, laakiin weli ganacsiga ugu weyn ee nolosha ninkeeda. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, oo iyana waxay ahayd 86 sano jir. Ann Shulgin ayaa dhif ka muuqday dadweynaha.

Alexander Shulgin, farmashiyaha, ku geeriyooday June 2014. A dhowr sano ka hor in, uu ka cabanayay Xanuuno daran, ka dib markii taas ma in shaqo firfircoon ku soo laabto. In 2014 dhakhtarku xusay dhimashada kansarka beerka. Shulgin ku geeriyooday gurigiisa oo ku yaala gobolka Maraykanka ee California. Waxa uu ahaa 88 sano jir.