Aleksandr Shmeman: Biography iyo sawirka

In casriga Orthodox Masiixiyada, waxaa jira saynisyahan mar dambe si fiican u yaqaan, fiqi, adeegayaasha ah, ka badan Aleksandr Shmeman aabihiis, kan naftiisa u huray in adeegaya hadafyada Christian ugu sareeya. Dhaxalkiisa suugaanta iyo fiqi ayaa fikrad dad badan ee diinta iyo kiristaanka. Waxaa jecel yahay ma aha oo kaliya ka mid ah Orthodox ka, laakiin sidoo kale ka mid ah Catholics sumcad ay u qalmeen.

qaraabo

Schmemann, Alexander Dmitrievich ka sharaf qoyska ka mid ah in lagu qasbay inuu ka tago Empire Ruush ah ka dib markii kacaanka yimid.

• Awoowe Nikolay Eduardovich Shmeman (1850-1928) uu ahaa xubin ka mid ah Duma Gobolka.
• Aabbaha Dmitriy Nikolaevich Shmeman (1893-1958) uu ahaa sarkaal ka tirsan ciidamada Saarka.
• Hooyo Anna Tihonovna Shishkova (1895-1981) ka soo Bixinno qoyska ka mid ah u yimid.

Aleksandr Shmeman aan ilmo kaliya ee qoyska. Twin walaalkiis Andrei Dmitrievich (1921-2008) adeegay sidii ilaaliye macbudka sharaf ah Hooyo Ilaah "Fidneeyey The". Intaa waxaa dheer, shirkadda ayaa waxaa madax u ah arday Ruush ee tahriibka. Wuxuu ka shaqeeyey in dhacay dilal ee West-Eastern Exarchate ah Patriarchate of Constantinople, gudashada waajibaadka Xoghayaha of Sheeko iyo wakiilka ku xigeenka oo ka mid ah Patriarchate of Constantinople.

Sister Elena D. (1919-1926) ku dhintay iyo yaraantaadii, dhibaato khibrad kala duwan nolosha haajirad.

Jidka nolosha Paris

Aleksandr Shmeman ku dhashay September 13, 1921 in Estonia magaalada dheregno. In 1928 qoyska u dhaqaaqay Belgrade, iyo 1929, sida Muhaajiriinta dad badan oo deganaa ee Paris.

In 1938 wuxuu noqday graduate ah Ruush arday Corps ee ku yaalla Verasle. Sannad ka dib, wuxuu ka Carnot Lyceum ka qalin jabiyay. In 1943, halka ardayga ee St. taliye Sergiyos Bawlos Institute fiqi ee Paris, Alexander guursaday qof qaraabo ah oo archpriest Mihaila Osorgina. Xaaskiisa Ulyana Tkachuk noqday saaxiibka aamin sannado badan ee uu noloshiisa. In 1945, Aleksandr Shmeman uu ka qalin at St taliye Sergiyos Bawlos fiqi machadka. Macallinkiisa iyo horjoogaha cilmi ahaa Kartashev A. V. ma aha la yaab leh in saynisyahano dhalinyaro ah oo xiiseynaya in taariikhda Kaniisadda, ka dib markii uu mentor. Uu sha la qoray heer xirfad sare, soo raacay by ay difaac, oo uu ku casuumay inuu sii joogo hay'adda tababarka macalin.

ka ah dugsiyada kor ku xusan marka laga reebo, wuxuu ka qaatay Jaamacadda Sorbonne ka qalin jabiyay. In 1946, Aleksandr Shmeman amray adeegto ka ah bilowga, ka dibna odayaashii. Intii uu joogay Paris ahayd arrin badan dhala, oo ayan ku jirin waajibaadka wadaad iyo waxbaridda, Aabbaha Alexander adeegay sidii editor sare ee majaladda diiniga "Church Bulletin".
Xataa intii uu nolosha ardayga uu ahaa firfircoon Christian Ruush Dhaqdhaqaaqa dhalinyarada iyo ardayda dhexdooda. Ugu hal mar ahaa agaasimaha iyo guddoomiyaha shirarka dhalinyarada.

Jidka Life: New York

In 1951, oo ahaa aabbihii Aleksanderos iyo qoyskiisa u dhaqaaqay America.
In muddo ah ka 1962 si ay u 1983, wuxuu qabtay oo kaxeeyey ee seminary Vladimirovskaya Quduuska ah. In 1953, Aleksandr Shmeman wadaadkii amray archpriest.
In 1959 ee Paris, uu difaacay sida uu u sha phD ku saabsan mowduuca ah "fiqi Afika". In 1970, kii ayaa loo dhismaha darajo ah archpriest, darajadana ku xiga Church ee (guursaday) sheekh cad. Archpriest Aleksandr Shmeman ayaa door muhiim ah ka ciyaaray in helitaanka madaxbanaanida wacdina (autocephaly) ee Orthodox Church American ah. Dhintay December 13, 1983 New York.

baridda

In muddo ah ka 1945 si ay u 1951, Alexander noqday macallinka taariikhda kaniisadda at St. taliye Sergiyos Bawlos fiqi Institute. Tan iyo 1951, ka dib markii martiqaad uu la helay isaga oo ay ka St. Vladimirovskaya seminary, dhaqaaqay Maraykanka. In dugsigu uu bixiyey shaqo ee macallinka. Waxa intaa dheer in baridda at seminary ah, Schmemann hogaaminayo doorashada at University Columbia, heegan u ah taariikhda Eastern Masiixiyada. Waayo, soddon sannadood wuxuu qabtay oo kaxeeyey barnaamijka radio ka go'an in ay xaaladda of Church ee America ah.

shuqullada Major

• "The Church iyo Order";
• "Xeer-maamuleedka baabtiiska";
• "Jidka Historical of Asalraacnimadu";
• "Hordhaca Afika Theology";
• "Waayo, Life ee aduunka";
• "Hordhaca Theology: Dabcan A ee muxaadarooyin ku saabsan fiqiga iwm";
• "Sacraments iyo Asalraacnimadu";
• "The Eucharist: karaamada boqortooyada";
• "Church The, dunida, howlgalka of: Afkaarta of Asalraacnimadu ee West ah";
• "Deymin".

dhaxal ahaan suugaanta

Dhaxalgalka ah aqoonyahan this soo jiidata dareenka ma aha oo kaliya akhristayaasha guriga, laakiin sidoo kale waa il xiiso leh, waayo, nin reer galbeedka, maxaa yeelay, tan dambe ayaa barayaa dhaqan bariga qofku in uu leeyahay xididdadiisa lamadegaanka iyo taariikhaha ruhbaantu qadiimiga dib.

Shaki kuma jiro in laanta galbeed ee diinta kiristaanka, galaya, oo ka dib markii isaga iyo Protestant-ka ayaa laga badiyay tan la xidhiidha, oo iniino dhala-rogga cilmaani kala duwan, laga badiyay xira thread dhexeeya nolosha asalka ah ee Church iyo xaqiiqooyin ah nolol maalmeedka. Tani waxaa lagu sheegay by Alexander Schmemann.

Buugaag, kaas oo uu ka shaqeeyay, ilaa xad diiradda weyn arrimaha Afika, maxaa yeelay, waa in maamulka macbadka iyo Eucharist waxaa jira xiriir ugu weyn ee u dhexeeya nin iyo Ilaah, taasina waa sababta ay tahay in jiidan Christian oo waxay noqdeen xarunta ah ee uu dunida.

In wuxuu qoray, Alexander D. u yaqaanna ee horumar ah ee cibaadada Christian. Si aad u shabahaan ah qaaciidooyinka iyo qiritaanka Essenes iyo ferapevtov in midoobidda nolosha Afika qarnigii VIII ah, layna balaadhan oo been isku dayo kala duwan si ay u abuuraan midayso iyo qaaciidooyinka iwm beddelo in sacrament ah. Fiirsaneysa inay qaab dhismeedka Masiixiga ah in uu buugga Aleksandr Shmeman. "Deymin" - Qormada ah Nagi reinterpretation gaar asalka ah ee nolosha Masiixiyiinta, ayaa sababay badan oo fikrado kala duwan ee bulshada sayniska.

Just nidaamka taariikhiga ah iyo mid ka mid ah qodobada muhiimka ah ee hawsha sayniska Aleksandra Shmemana. Falanqaynta taxadiri Afika caawin kartaa Masiixiyiinta fahmi cibaadada casriga ah ee hadda iyo dareemayaa macnaha asalka ah ee ficilka.

daabaco qorada

In 1973, entry ugu horeysay ee buugga weyn oo la sameeyey. Archpriest Aleksandr Shmeman ku sameeyey, ka dib markii akhri maqaalka ah Dostoevsky "The Karamazov Brothers." In qorada uu, ma aha oo kaliya uu ku sharaxay aragnimada uu ku saabsan dhacdooyinka kala duwan ee uu noloshiisa shakhsiga ah, laakiin sidoo kale waxa uu ka hadlayaa dhacdooyinka ka dhacaya nolosha kaniisadda xilliga adag ee. Ma jiro shaki in madax badan oo kaniisad ku helay meel ku qoray. Waxaas oo dhan waxay ka sokow, in shuqullada la daabacay waa shakhi ku saabsan dhacdooyinka la soo maray qoyska Schmemann ka dib markii u hijroon ka Russia. daabaco qorada uu qabtay 2002 in English, iyo kaliya ee 2005, wuxuu qoray ayaa turjumay Ruush.

dabeecadaha xun

Shaki kuma jiro in habdhaqanka Aleksandra Shmemana ee dhinaca Midowga Soofiyeeti ahayd arrin aan habboonayn. In wararka iyo barnaamijyada raadiyaha uu si joogta ah ku eedeeyay madaxda dalka ee fikrad xun xagga Church Orthodox Ruush. Waa in la ogaadaa in xaaladda dhexeeya ROC iyo ZRPTS ahaa quruxsan gariir.
Sidaa darteed, qoraaga, shuqullada aan heli karo USSR.

Xaaladda uusan waxba iska badalin oo Midowgii Soofiyeeti ee hore. Tiro ka tirsan xisbiga muxaafidka ah ugu ka mid ah kiniisadda of Church Orthodox ka, Archpriest Aleksandra Shmemana tixgeliyaa heretic ah iyo mamnuucayo reading uu qoraallada cilmiyeed.

The tusaale ugu weerarka ka Reebban ee akhriska uu shaqada dugsiga Yekaterinburg diinta. Nikon siiyey talada haya inkaarnaado kiniisaddu Aleksandra Shmemana iyo ka reebnay ardayda si shuqulladiisu u akhri. Munaasabadda, taas oo u adeegi jiray si ay u sameeyaan go'aankaas, weli lama oga. In kasta oo wax kasta, Aleksandr Shmeman, kuwaas oo Biography waa model ah wasaaradda dhaqatada, waa heerka nolosha wadaadka.