Acetylcholine - excitation dareemayaasha neurotransmitter ah. Acetylcholine: Tilmaamo, wax soo saarka, guryaha

передатчик нервного возбуждения в ЦНС, окончаниях парасимпатических нервов и вегетативных ганглиях. Acetylcholine - gudbiye dareemayaasha ee excitation ku yimaada habdhiska dhimirka, ku dhammaato dareemayaasha parasympathetic iyo ganglia autonomic ah. Waxay u qabata hawlo muhiim u tahay hababka nolosha. hawlaha la mid ah leeyihiin amino acids, histamine, dopamine, serotonin, adrenaline. Acetylcholine waa mid ka mid ah war laliska garaaca wadnaha ugu muhiimsan ee maskaxda ku jira. Ha ka fikiro si aynu xaalkan si faahfaahsan.

Guudmarka

dhamaadka fiber ka acetylcholine neurotransmitter u gudbiya, loo yaqaan cholinergic. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxaa jira xubno gaar ah leh taas oo macaamila. Waxaa loo yaqaan receptors cholinergic. xubno Kuwanu waa u taagoo protein adag - nucleoproteins. отличаются тетрамерной структурой. receptors acetylcholine ku kala duwan yihiin qaab-dhismeedka tetrameric. Waxay ku yaalaan dusha sare ee plasma (postsynaptic) xuub. By ay dabiicadda, taagoo kuwanu waa Nuurre Aw.

In waxbarashada tijaabo ah, waxaana loo isticmaalaa ujeedooyin caafimaad daroogada "chloride acetylcholine" soo bandhigay in xal la isku duro. medicaments kale oo ku salaysan walax this aan la heli karin. Waxaa jira micne ah ee daroogada ah: "Miohol", "Atsekolin", "Tsitoholin".

Qoondaynta oo ah choline protein

taagoo Qaar ka mid ah waxay ku yaalaan dareemayaasha cholinergic postganglionic. Tani waa meel ka mid ah muruqyada siman, wadnaha, qanjidhada. Waxaa loo yaqaan receptors m-cholinergic - muskarinochuvstvitelnye. borotiinada kale ku yaalaan synapses ganglion iyo dhismayaasha degaaankaaga, muruqyada. Waxay waxaa loo yaqaan receptors n-cholinergic - nikotinochuvstvitelnymi.

sharaxa

kala soocidda The kor ku xusan waa dareen diidmo cayimayo sabab yimaadda marka kuwan falgalaan nidaamka lagmamaarmaanna iyo acetylcholine. , в свою очередь, объясняет причины некоторых процессов. Tani, markeeda, sharxayaa sababta ay qaar ka mid ah geedi socodka. Tusaale ahaan, hoos u cadaadiska, dheecaan wanaajiyey ee gastric, iyo qanjidhada kale dhareerka, bradycardia, iwm iyo Cidhiidh xaasaasi. Muskarinochuvstvitelnye sarkhaansan on borotiinada iyo foosha of muruqa lafaha iyo Nikotinochuvstvitelnye dul-gaadhista Britain ayaa si bixi.. In sano ee la soo dhaafay, saynisyahano ay bilaabeen inay u kala receptors m-cholinergic in koox hoosaadka. The ugu maanta bartay doorka iyo deegaamaynta ah ee u taagoo M1 iyo m2.

cayimayo ee saamaynta

не избирательный элемент системы. Acetylcholine - tani ma aha element ah nidaamka doorashada. In darajo kala duwan, waxa ay saamayn ku labadaba m- iyo n-u taagoo. xiisaha Muskarinopodobnoe waa saamaynta in la fulyo acetylcholine. воздействие проявляется в замедлении сердечного ритма, расширении кровеносных сосудов (периферических), активизации перистальтики кишечника и желудка, сокращении мышц матки, бронхов, мочевого, желчного пузыря, интенсификации секреции бронхиальных, потовых, пищеварительных желез, миозе. saamayn Tani waxay u muuqato in gaabis garaaca wadnaha, furanto xididdada dhiigga (durugsan), dardargelinta ee motility xiidmaha iyo caloosha, murqaha, makaanka, sambabbada, kaadi haysta, xameetida, badasho ee dheecaanka bronki, dhididka, qanjidhada dheefshiidka, myositis.

Cidhiidh ardayga

muruqa iris Wareegtada innervated by fiiloyin postganglionic ee dareemayaasha oculomotor, mar bilaabataa ciliate si xoog leh hoos. Xaaladdan oo kale, waxaa jira a seedaha Zinn dabacsan. Natiijadu waxay tahay a dabac hoyga. Cidhiidh ee ardayga, ay sabab u tahay saameynta ay acetylcholine, sida caadiga ah oo ay la socdaan hoos u dhac in cadaadis intraocular. saamayn Tani waxaa sababa ballaarinta qayb qolof ah ee canal Schlemm iyo on meelaha asalka fontanovyh miosis iyo fidsanaan iris ah. Taasi waxay hagaajinaysaa dheecaanka of dheecaan ka gudaha ee dareeraha isha.

на основе других подобных ему веществ используются при лечении глаукомы. Iyada oo awood u leh inay yareeyaan cadaadiska intraocular sida acetylcholine, daawooyinka oo ku salaysan waxyaabaha kale ee la mid ah loo isticmaalo in lagu daaweeyo gulukooma. Waxaa ka mid ah, gaar ahaan, waxaa ka mid ah wakiilada anticholinesterase, cholinomimetics.

borotiinada Nikotinochuvstvitelnye

обуславливается его участием в процессе передачи сигналов с преганглионарных нервных волокон на постганглионарные, находящиеся в вегетативных узлах, и с двигательных окончаний на поперечнополосатые мышцы. tallaabo Nikotinopodobnoe acetylcholine sababa uu ka qayb qaadashada habraaca ku transduction signal ka preganglionic fiiloyin dareemayaasha postganglionarnae ku jira qanjidhada daaqsinka iyo dhammaato motor on muruqa striated. At qaadasho yar yahay hubaasha u dhaqmo sida gudbiye ah kacsiga nafsaaniga ah. , то может развиться стойкая деполяризация в районе синапсов. Haddii acetylcholine u korodho, waxaa laga yaabaa in depolarization joogto ah synapses ee degaanka. Sidoo kale waxaa suurogal ah ee ka xanibeen kala iibsiga ee excitation.

habdhiska dhimirka

играет роль передатчика сигналов в различных мозговых отделах. Acetylcholine ee jirka u dhaqmo sida gudbiye signal in qaybaha kala duwan ee maskaxda ah. At uruureen hooseeyo waxa uu yareyn karaa, iyo in badan oo - falalkooda synaptic warbaahinta gaabis ah. Isbeddelka ku-shiid laga yaabaa in ay gacan ka xanuunada maskaxda. психотропной группы. Doodeen, kaas oo la barbar dhigay acetylcholine - group daawooyinka psychotropic. Markii ay dawadu ka badato laga yaabaa inuu dhaco xadgudub ku ah hawlaha habdhiska sare (saamaynta hallucinogenic iwm).

ereygu wuxuu ahaa ee acetylcholine

Waxay dhacdaa in cytoplasm ee dhammaato dareemayaasha. Kaydka walax ku yaal boosteejada presynaptic ee foomka of goobooyin. Dhacdooyinkaa ee iman kara tallaabo ah u keenaysaa in la sii daayo acetylcholine ka dhowr boqol "kaabsoosha" dillaacii synaptic. Ashyaada ka kiishka sii daayay xidhno u xuub postsynaptic la taagoo gaar ah. Tani waxay kordhisaa permeability in sodium, calcium iyo potassium udhigo. Natiijadu waxay tahay iman kara postsynaptic excitatory. Saamaynta acetylcholine waxaa xadiday ay hydrolysis lug enzyme atsetilholiesterazy.

Physiology taagoo nicotinic

description First dallacsiiyey dheecaan intracellular kara korontada. receptor Nicotinic noqday mid ka mid ah marka hore, taas oo ahayd awood si ay u qoraan hadda ku dhex maraya hal channel ah. In gobolka furan u gudbin kartaa udhigo therethrough K + iyo + Na, in a siifilisku divalent xad yar. Xaaladdan oo kale conductivity channel waa la muujiyay in qiimaha joogto ah. Muddada gobolka furan, si kastaba ha ahaatee, ficilada sifooyinka ku tiirsan iman kara danab ka codsatay in ay receptor ah. Waxaa intaa dheer, tan dambe ayaa la dejiyo inta lagu jiro kala-guurka ee ka depolarization of hyperpolarization xuub. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxaa jira desensetizatsii ugub ah. Waxay dhacdaa ka dib markii codsi dheer acetylcholine oo kale ku Doodeen in la yareeyo u nuglaanta receptor iyo kordhinta muddada gobolka channel furan.

dareenka korontada

blocks Dihydro-β-eritroidin receptors nicotinic in ganglia maskaxda iyo neerfaha dul horumarinta jawaab cholinergic ah. Waxa kale oo lagu gartaa buuna buuna sare leh nicotine tritium-ku calaamadaysan. αBGT receptors neural xasaasi in Hippocampus leeyihiin nuglaato hooseeyo acetylcholine, ka duwan xubno αBGT-dareen la'aan. Recycling iyo antagonist xushay tartan rasmi ah metillikakonitin falalka ugu horeysay.

taagayo qaarkood anabeziina cadhaysiinina saamayn hawshooda u xushay on group αBGT-receptors. conductivity ee channel ra'iyi waa ku filan sare. receptors kuwani ku kala duwan sifooyinka danab ku tiirsan gaar ah. Obschekletochny hadda iyadoo ay kaalmo ka mid ah qiyamka depolarization e. ka iman kara oo muujinaya hoos u dhac ah ee atammada ku dhex mari channels ah.

Tani waxay ifafaale waa sidaas nidaaminaya in a content Mg2 + xubno xalka. Tani, kooxdan ka duwan yahay ka receptors unugyada muruqa. Arintaan ma mari wixii isbeddel ah ee ra'iyi hadda ka si ay ula qabsadaan qiyamka ee iman kara xuub. Sayidka receptor N-methyl-D-aspartate ah, isagoo permeability qof qaraabo ah Ca2 + xubno, waxay muujinaysaa xaaladda dambe. Iyada oo sii kordhaya hyperpolarizing awoodda in la kordhiyo content ee qiimaha iyo udhigo Mg2 +, hadda ra'iyi ay xiran tahay.

Maqaallo taagoo muscarinic

receptors M-cholinergic ka tirsan serpentivnyh fasalka. Waxay gudbin falalkooda iyada oo heterotrimeric G-borotiinada. Group receptor muscarinic ayaa loo aqoonsaday sabab u Xoolahooda inay link muscarine ee dhimirka. Si dadban, taagoo, kuwaas ayaa la tilmaamay in qarnigii 20aad, daraasadda of saamaynta curare. Baaritaanka Direct kooxdan bilaabay in 20-30 sano. qarnigii la mid ah ka dib markii la aqoonsado xarunta sida acetylcholine neurotransmitter ah, taas oo siisa garaaca wadnaha ee synapses muruqyada. M borotiinada waxaa firfircoonaan sarkhaansan muscarine oo hor istaagay atropine, n-shaqeysiin taagoo sarkhaansan nicotine iyo hor istaagay curare.

Ka dib markii tiro badan oo ah nooc hoosaad lagu ogaado in labada kooxoodba soo dhaweeyayaasha. synapse The muruqyada ku jira Britain nicotine oo kaliya. receptors Muscarinic waxaa laga helaa unugyada qanjidhada iyo muruqyadu, iyo sidoo kale - la n-holinoretseptorami - ee neurons habdhiska iyo ganglia neural.

hawlaha

receptors Muscarinic hantidaan go'an oo dhan guryaha kala duwan. First of dhan, ay ku yaalaan ganglia goboleedka iyo iyaga oo ka tegey fiiloyin postganglioznyh, loogu talagalay in lagu beegsado xubnaha. Tani waxay ku fiiqay in receptors ku lug leh ee warbaahinta iyo saamaynta isbedbeddelka parasympathetic. Waxaa ka mid ah, tusaale ahaan, waxaa ka mid ah foosha ee muruqyada siman, vasodilatation, dheecaan kordhay qanjidhada, yaraynta xaddiga garaaca wadnaha. Dunta habdhiska Cholinergic, taas oo ay joogaan ee halabuurka ah ee interneurons iyo synapses muscarinic yihiin inta badan ee kiliyaha cerebral, Hippocampus, istaajiyo nuclei, striatum. Meelaha kale, waa la helay in tiro yar. The receptors m-cholinergic dhexe saamayn sharciyeynta hurdo, xasuusta, waxabarasho iyo foojignaanta.