Wimbledon: taariikhda, sharaxaad, dhaqan

Tennis - mid ka mid ah cayaaraha ugu laandheere. Tan waxaa in badan sabab u ah Wimbledon, ayaa 130 sano oo taariikhda iyo dhowro dhaqannada ay ilaa maantadan la joogo. Wuxuu ka mid ahaa afar horyaalka ugu qiimaha Grand Slam waa, lagu qabtay tennis All England iyo kooxda Croquet.

A yar oo taariikh

Waxaa oo dhan ka bilowday July ee 1877, marka dhulka ee kooxda, ee koonfur-galbeed London (meel Worple Road), lagu qabtay tartan ugu horeysay ee tennis, oo waxaa ka soo qaybgalay 22 qof. Tartanka ayaa waxaa lagu qabtay oo keliya dadka loogu kali. ku guuleystay waxa uu ahaa in ay helaan abaalmarinta a of 35 guineas, mushaarka kaliya hal ka mid ah tartamada ugu. Athletes tartanka 4 maalmood, iyo kulankii ugu danbeeyay soo jiidatay daawadayaal 200, kaas oo siiyey qaar ka mid ah dakhliga si qaabiyaasha. Kooxda heysata horyaalka ugu horeysay, magiciisiina wuxuu galay taariikhda tartanka, wuxuu ahaa dukaan ku yaal deegaanka Spencer Gore.

Tan iyo 1884, on maxkamadda waxaa ku jiray ka qaybgalayaasha ugu horeysay shisheeye iyo barnaamijka tartanka dhammaystirayaa dumar ah oo labanlaabantay. Kii u horreeyey ayaa ku guuleysatay ahaayeen Maud Watson oo Renshaw oo walaalo ah, ayaa hogaanka muddo dhowr sannadood ah. In 1913, tartanka sanadlaha ah ee xiriirka caalamiga ah la siiyey xaaladda horyaalka adduunka (waxaa joogay saddex) ee garoonka. Tartamada ayaa kala gooyey oo keliya inta lagu guda jiro First iyo Labaad Wars Adduunka, isagoo noqday lanooga dhab ah mass.

Tan iyo 1922 tartanka ayaa bedelay goobta, laakiin ay weli tahay aagga London - Church Road, halkaas oo Maxkamadda Xarunta at 13 500 oo qof ayaa la dhisay. Daawadayaasha dagay qabashada lotteries kala duwan. Interest in tartanka ayaa kor u kacay in 1937, markii warbaahinta ugu horeysay TV ayaa waxaa lagu qabtay. Wakiillada oo ka mid ah dalalka hantiwadaagga ku soo biiray in ay ka qayb horyaalka ee 50 sano. Tan iyo 1967, tartanka tennis Wimbledon kowaad wuxuu ahaa u furan xirfadlayaasha, si tartiib ah ka heshay xaaladda mid ka mid ah tartamada ugu muhiimsan ee shabaqa.

Maxkamadaha, daahan

Maanta, oo qayb ka ah tennis adag 19 maxkamadaha doogga. Bartamaha, iyadoo tirada daawadayaasha in 15 kun oo qof, oo Maxkamadda №1, bandhigay 1928, kaliya labo todobaad isticmaalka sanadkiiba inta lagu jiro dagaalka tartanka. Tartanka waa lug iyo Maxkamadda №2, loo yaqaanno qabuuraha ee heysata, sida meelaha ay inta badan ku xanuunsado ciyaartoyda soo gaartay. On Maxkamadda Center sanadkii 2009, dhisay by Cirkana dhismo saraysa ay dhacdo in roob. Korontada looma isticmaalo, sidaas kulan waxaa lagu ciyaaray kaliya maalintii.

cawska la dhex geliyey duub, waxaa si gaar ah u koray ee Yorkshire. Halabuurka ciidda aan la shaacin. Waxaan ognahay oo kaliya in cawska ka kooban yahay haruurka iyo fescue laba nooc, si ay u daryeelaan 14 qof madax Fiisooyinka ah, mowqifkaas oo aad u qiimaha badan. Sward height - 8 mm, in on daahan noocan oo kale ah ka ciyaari tennis. Wimbledon ahaa caan ku tahay xaqiiqada ah in on pads had duulaya qoolleyo, oo isku mar la wada baabbi'iyey by aboodiga ah. Haddaba loo isticmaalo siyaabo ka dadnimo.

Halabuurka The oo ka mid ah

Muddo laba toddobaad ah, Wimbledon noqoto meel ka mid ah tartanka ciyaartoyda ma aha oo kaliya xirfadle ciyaaro shan lambar, laakiin fasalada iyo dadka waayeelka ah, iyo sidoo kale dadka isticmaala kursiga curyaanka. Ilaa 1924 heysata hore ahaayeen wareega call keliya, laakiin ka dib markii xukunka isbedel lagu beeray, ciyaartoyda iyo sawiri on salaysan qaran, kaas oo ku guuleysatay waxay leeyihiin shuruudo loo siman yahay ciyaartoyda kale. Iyada oo sal-dhigida ee 1973, kaalinta ATP joogsadeen si loo ogaado sideeda kooxood ee ka qayb xiriirada qaranka.

Wimbledon waa ka duwan yahay ka dadka kale ee in seeding 32 ciyaaryahan oo uusan ku xiran tahay ma on darajayn rasmi ah, laakiin ka natiijada qaab ciyaareedka ciyaartoyda on maxkamadaha cawska sannadihii la soo dhaafay. Dhaqan ahaan, inta lagu guda jiro 3 todobaad ka hor ka mid ah tartamada Wimbledon "Masters" taxane si ay u diyaariyaan kulanka on cawska - maanka ugu dhaqsiyaha badan tennis la cigta hoose ee kubada.

dhaqanka

Tartanka waxaa la qabtaa hoos bacdi qoyska reer boqor ee Great Britain, si kala duwanaayeen qiimaynta gaar ah oo loogu dhaqmayo adag ee dhaqanka. Qabanqaabiyayaasha ha laga bilaabo taariikhda in keenaysaa Ingariiska ka soo 1 August on Monday tago. Xisaabinta 6 toddobaad, sidaas tartanka 2016 bilaabay on 27 June. Arena oo ku salaysan waxaa lagu qurxiyey ee cagaaran iyo magenta, maadaama ay yihiin tartanka rasmiga ah. Athletes waxaa looga baahan yahay in ay u muuqdaan in dharka cad leh tiro yar oo qobays ah oo midabo pastel. Judges tixraac ka qaybgalayaasha lab waa adag by magaca, haweenka - oo leh horgalaha "Miss" ama "Mrs".

Iiddii dhaqanka ee Wimbledon - toban strawberries leh cream. Waxaa beeraha British, halkaas oo si gaar ah u koray for guests keenay. Tan iyo markii ay ka saarida iyo dhalmada dalagga kordhiyay in ka yar hal maalin. Muddo tartanka gubtay 150 kun tumeen.

xaqiiqooyinka oo xiiso leh

Lab ku guuleystay abaalmarinta heli a qaab koob oo ah lacag sharraxnaan jirtay. Dumarka - saxaarad lacag ah. Laakiin waxa ugu muhiimsan - waa magdhow lacageed, taas oo u egtahay in la kordhiyo sannad kasta. In 2016 Wimbledon kiciyey lacag abaalmarin ah by 5%. Sidaas darteed, waa loo siman yahay si ay u 28.1 million pounds (qiyaastii US $ 41 million). Kooxda ku guuleysatay ee kali - British Endi Marrey iyo American Serena Williams - helay guud ahaan 2 million pounds. sinnaanta Tani waxay keenaysaa Ingariiska ee ilaa 2007, inkastoo ay shaqaale badan oo ka fiirsan waxa aan cadaalad ahayn, waayo dadka ku qaataan on maxkamadda in 2 jeer waqti badan oo uu ciyaaro.

Tan iyo 1977, matxafka la furay agagaarka London. Wimbledon u muuqataa in soo bandhigaa oo xiiso leh iyo qaabka shaxda saddex dhinac-cabbir ah Dzhona Makinroya, isagoo u sheegay kulan xiiso leh. The guryaha museum Maria Sharapova dharka - guusha tartanka 2004 sano. xarunta hawl-sanadka, ku dhow albaabbadeedii oo inta lagu guda jiro tartanka.

Ka mid ah diiwaanka tiro ka mid ah guul - ciyaaryahan tennis oo ku guuleysatay horyaalka 7 jeer: Steffi Graf, Uilyam Renshou, Pete Sampras iyo Roger Federer. Martina Navratilova ahaa awoodaan in ay u samayn 9 jeer, mid ka mid ah la soo dhaafay - at da'da 46 sano.