Warqad documentary of credit

In ganacsiga caalamiga ah waxaa jira arrimo dhowr ah oo muhiim ah. Mid ka mid ah ujeedooyinka uu yahay si loo yareeyo khatarta ka mid ah non-bixinta alaabta ama fashilaad bixinta. Back ee Qarnigii 17aad waxaa jiray qalab si cadaalad ah oo lagu kalsoonaan karo ee dhimista this - warqad of credit. Waqti ka, taas warqad uu noqday casri ah "Documentary Credit" (accredo - aaminaad Laata.).

xisaabaha teori iyadoo la raacayo "trust" nidaamka la fulin karo in ganacsiga gudaha. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ku dhaqanka bixinta sida warqad of credit waa mid aad u dhif ah.

Tani nidaamka siinayaa labada qeybiyaha iyo iibsadaha sixun damaanad halaynta ah macaamilka. Isla mar ahaantaana, credit documentary ah waxa uu la xidhiidhaa dukumenti adag. In xiriir this qiimaha kordhay ee nidaamka oo dhan. Sidaa darteed, credit documentary waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa in macaamil ganacsi ballaaran, halkii ay kuwa yar yar. Intaa waxaa dheer, nidaamka noocan oo kale ah waxaa loo isticmaalaa in la dhiso xiriir la Wadaage cusub ama laysku halayn karin. In qaar ka mid ah gobolada, waayo, dhammaan xawaalad on qalaad suuqa waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in ay furan documentary credit iyadoo la raacayo dhaqan (tusaale ahaan, in India), ama sharciga ah (tusaale ahaan, Uzbekistan).

Sanadihii la soo dhaafay, sida falanqeeyayaasha ogow, danta nidaamka this waxaa si joogto ah u koraya.

Letter Documentary of Credit - heshiis. Waxaa ku jira waajib ku ah on bangiga bixinta. Sida laga soo xigtay heshiiska bangiga ay ka wakiil gaar ah ama ka wakiil ah macmiilka ka dhanka ah waraaqaha ee ku aaddan xarafka of credit la waajib waa in aad lacag siiso ka-faa'iideystayaasha (-faa'iideystayaasha) ama u magacaabi eedeysanuhu kale (bangi) si ay u sameeyaan lacag bixinta this.

Hawlgallada iyadoo la raacayo habka ku xusan ogol yahay ka qaybgalayaasha soo socda:

1. Talinta bangiga-faa'iideystayaasha. Iyadoo la tixraacayo codsi ka yimid bangiga bixinta waxaa la socodsiinayaa (taliyaa)-faa'iideystayaasha warqaddii of credit iyo xaaladaha ay. Waxa uu kala taliyaa Bank waa masuul fulinta qodobada heshiiskii aan la qaban karin.
2. Sartay Bank, ku furay warqad of credit.
3. Faa'iideystaha --faa'iideystayaasha. In qofka loogu tala galay bixinta ama lacagta ee LC la furay.
4. bangiga magacaabay. Isagu waa iyada oo la raacayo codsiga of bangiga bixinta bixin doonaan dukumintiyada ku cad heshiiska. Sarkaalka waxaa labada si joogta ah kula talinaya.
5. Warqad codsadaha ee credit - bixiyaha, bangiga qabsshada ayaa soo gudbisay codsiga heshiis.

Sidaas darteed, a nidaamka ku lug leh shan maadooyinka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sida caadiga ah, afar ka mid ah ku dhaqanka. Xaaladaha qaarkood, tirada xubnaha waxaa lagu yarayn karaa ilaa saddex. Isla mar ahaantaana talinta falal bangiga sidii aan u samayn keliya, laakiin sidoo kale saaraha.

Waraaqdu waxay ka dhigan hab gaar ah oo lacag bixinta, laakiin ma leh xisaabinta qaabka. Khubarada inta badan farta ku kala duwan yihiin in fikradaha ah "habka lacag bixinta" iyo "foomka of xisaabinta." The ugu horeysay ee ka dhacay iswaydaarsiga ganacsiga ee caalamiga ah, iyo waa ka sii adag oo ballaaran badan qeexidda labaad, taas oo loo isticmaalayo in sharciga dhaqaale Ruushka.

Warqad kasta oo credit, si adag u hadlayay, waa mid gaar ah. Under kasta la sameeyey ay heshiis. Wada jir ah ula this waxaa jira guud shuruudaha, sida laga soo xigtay oo dhan warqadihii u qaybsan yihiin dhowr kooxood.

Sidaas darteed, la kala saaro ka Qaxwo iyo dahaarka leh, iyo yeeran heshiisyada la bedeli karin.

warqado qaawiyey of credit gudbiyo ay dhacdo in ay soo saaraan bixinta damaanado bangiga xitaa ay ka maqan yihiin lacag account codsadaha (credit heli karo). Howlgalka ayaa waxaa lagu magacaabaa daboolaya haddii isla markiiba ka dib markii war ku saabsan xisaab bangi codsadaha laga reebay ka mid boqolkiiba boqol ah ee lacagta loo baahan yahay bixinta.

Warqad Revocable of credit gudbiyo ay dhacdo in bangiga saarista waqti kasta bedeli kartaa ama xataa u burin, oo aan ogaysiinaya faa'iideystaha. heshiis la bedeli karin, waxaad beddeli ama baabi'in kartaa oo keliya ka dib markii ogolaansho ah ka-faa'iideystayaasha.