War-US Japanese: taariikhda, sharaxaad ka mid ah xaqiiqooyinka oo xiiso leh iyo cawaaqibta

dagaal-US Japan ee 1941-1945. Waxa ay ahayd mid aad u adag oo lahaa cawaaqib xun. Waa maxay sababaha dagaalka this dhiigga qabta xukunto? Sida ay maray, iyo waxa cawaaqibka lahaa? Yaa ku guuleystay War-US Japanese ah? Tani waxaa looga hadli doonaa maqaalka.

khilaafka-US Japanese iyo sababaha dagaalka

Burinaya ee America iyo Japan waxay leeyihiin taariikh dheer tan iyo qarnigii 19aad, markii Americans ku soo rogay ma Japanese ah heshiisyada ganacsiga loo siman yahay. Laakiin ka dib markii dagaalkii koowaad ee aduunka, xaaladda ka sii dartay tan iyo ka badan sida u dhexeeya dalalkaas waxay ahayd halgan for goobo saamayneed ee gobolka Asia-Pacific. Sidaas daraaddeed, tan iyo 1931, Japan sii wadaan in ay qabsadaan, Shiinaha iyo in la abuuro on dhulkeeda xaalad ah Manchukuo - Guo, kaas oo ku dhowaad si buuxda gacanta Japanese ah. Si dhakhso ah oo dhan shirkadaha Maraykanka ayaa la saaray suuqa Shiinaha, kaas oo si cad u wiiqantay booska Maraykanka. In 1940 waxaa la kansal gareeyay Heshiiska ganacsiga ee ka dhexeeya Maraykanka iyo Japan. Bishii June 1941, ciidamada Japanese qabsadaan Indochina Faransiiska. Si dhakhso ah, ka hor tagay ee Maraykanka July 26 ayaa lagu soo rogay cunaqabateynta saliid Japan mustaqbalka inuu ku biiro cunaqabateynta England. Sidaas darteed, Japan soo wajahay doorasho: sidoo kale in ay sii wadaan qeybiyey ee dhulalka gobolka iyo bilowdo colaad military Maraykanka, ama in ay dib u gasho oo la aqoonsado doorka hoggaamineed ee Maraykanka ee gobolka. теперь очевидны. Sababaha dagaalka-US Japan hadda waa wax iska cad. Japan, dabcan, doorteen qodobka koowaad.

United States

Dowladda Maraykanka ayaa ka fikiraya inuu kala duwanaansho ah ee dagaalka kula Japan, oo xidhiidh la leh diyaargarowga firfircoon oo ka mid ah ciidanka iyo ciidamada badda. Sayidka, taxane ah oo dib u habaynta ciidamada-dhaqaalaha, sharciga waxaa loo soo maray qasabka ah, kor u miisaaniyadda ciidamada. Ka hor dagaalka kula Japan, tirada shaqaalaha oo ka mid ah ciidamada Mareykanka wuxuu u dhigmaa hal milyan siddeed boqol oo kun oo qof, kuwaas oo badda ku lahaa saddex boqol iyo konton nin. Tirada maraakiibta ee Navy Maraykanka wuxuu u dhigmaa 227 Doonniyaha fasalo kala duwan iyo 113 quusta.

Japan

Japan, in 1941, hoggaaminta howlgalka militari ee Shiinaha, waxa ay isku diyaarineysaa for bilowgii dagaalka la America. miisaaniyadda Japan ee ciidamada wakhtigaas ahaa in ka badan 12 bilyan oo yen. Tirada ciidanka Japan dagaalka ka hor waxa ay ka 1.35 million in ciidanka dhulka iyo 350,000 ee Navy ah. Tirada ciidamada badda ee kor u kacay iyo waxa ay 202 pride iyo 50 quusta. In duulista, waxaa jiray hal kun diyaaradaha ee fasalada kala duwan.

weerar Japan ee Pearl Harbor, soo galo United States taariikhda dagaalkii labaad ee dunida

Weerarka lagu qaaday Pearl Harbor - lama filaan ah, oo aan dhawaaqista xaalad dagaal, diyaaradaha weerarka iyo Japan Imperial Army Fleet on maraakiibta dagaalka Mareykanka oo saldhig hawada, taas oo waxa uu ku yaalaa on Hawaii, December 7, 1941.

Go'aanka ku saabsan dagaalka kula Maraykanka ayaa la dhigay kulan ay wasiirada ka Emperor Japanese ah December 1, 1941. Si firfircoon u Army Japan ee gobolka Asia-Pacific wuxuu ahaa in la burburiyo ay raxan Pacific waa lagama maarmaan, taas oo in xoog buuxa fadhigoodu on Oahu. Ujeedada this loo doortay shaqo joojinta-galleen lagu qaaday saldhig ee ciidamada badda ee Maraykanka. Nuxurka of weerarka uu ahaa in la isticmaalayo saamaynta lama filaan ah, iyadoo la isticmaalayo diyaarado, kaas oo ka gooyay ka side diyaaradda, si ay u sameeyaan weerarkii awood on salka. Ugu dambayntii, December 7, 1941, laba diyaaradood oo duulaya yihiin tirada guud ee 440 diyaaradood oo Japan lagu soo go'an.

khasaaraha US ahaayeen musiibo ahaantii halaagnay ama u gudan karin muuqday 90% of America ee Pacific Fleet. Total Americans badiyay 18 maraakiibta: 8 dagaalka, 4 kuwa ku baabbi'inaya, 3 Cruiser, khasaaraha diyaaradda barbareeyay 188 diyaaradaha. Khasaaraha in shaqaalaha ayaa sidoo kale gaadhay tirooyinka musiibo, lagu dilay 2,400 oo qof oo ku dhaawacmay 1200. Japan lagu tiriyaa khasaaraha ka mid ah amar of magnitude yar, ayaa la toogtay hoos 29 diyaaradood oo lagu dilay 60 qof.

Sidaas darteed, December 8 1941, Mareykanka, uu hogaamiyo Madaxweyne Franklin D. Roosevelt dagaal Japan oo si rasmi ah u soo galeen ee WWII.

Tallaabada koowaad: guul Japan

Isla markii weerarka lagu qaaday saldhigga ugu Pearl Harbor, on ruxruxo ah guusha iyo faa'iidaysanaya of wareerka iyo wareer Maraykanka, ay qabteen Guam iyo Toos Island, kaas oo si America lahaayeen. By March 1942 Japanese ay horey u ahaayeen xeebaha dalka Australia, laakiin ma awoodo in ay qabsadaan. Guud ahaan, afartii bilood ee ugu horeysay ee dagaalka, Japan ayaa ku guulaysatay natiijooyin aad u fiican. Jasiiradda ayaa lagu qabtay by Malaysia, ku lifaaqan dhul of East Dutch - Hindiya, Hong Kong, Philippines, koonfurta Burma. guul Japan ee Marxaladda koowaad lagu macnayn karaa oo keliya ma aha arrimo military, guul kale oo in badan sabab u doodidda si fiican u maleeyay baxay siyaasadda. Sidaas darteed, dadka ku nool dhulka ay degan ayaa sheegay in Japan ayaa u yimaadeen inay ka xoreeyaan siyaasad gumeysi ku daatay. Sidaas darteed, in December 1941 - March 1942 Japan ayaa la qabsaday dhul size in ka badan 4 million kiiloomitir oo laba jibbaaran oo leh dadka ka mid ah 200 million oo qof. waxaa lumay waqti isku mid ah dadka kaliya 15 kun, 400 diyaaradood oo 4 maraakiibta. khasaaraha US kaliya qabtay lacag dhan 130 kun. Askar.

Tallaabada Labaad: jeestay dhibic dagaalka

Ka dib markii dagaal badda ee May 1942 Badda Coral ah, inkastoo ay ku dhamaatay guul taatikada waayo, Japan, kaas oo lagu bixiyay qiimo culus ma ahaa sida iska cad sida ka hor, waxaa jiray isbedel xagjirka ah ee dagaalka. Waxaa la arkaa in ay taariikhda dagaalka ee Midway June 4, 1942. On maanta, Navy Maraykanka ku guuleystay guusha ugu weyn. Japan laga badiyay afar sidayaal diyaarad ka dhanka ah 1 US. Ka dib guuldaradii this, Japan waxaa mar dambe ma fulin hawlgallo weerar, iyo diiradda on ilaalinta dhulal hore guulaystay.

Ka dib guushii ay dagaalka ku muddo lix bilood ah oo ay Maraykanka u soo noqday inay gacanta ku jasiiradda Guadalcanal. In mustaqbalka, ay gacanta ugu jiraan Maraykanka iyo xulufadiisu ay soo tallaabay Aleutian iyo Sulaymaan Islands, New Guinea, iyo Islands Gilbert ah.

Wajigii ugu danbeeyay ee dagaalka: guuldaradii ee Japan

In 1944, natiijada dagaalka-US Japanese mar hore go'aan laga gaarayo. Japan ayaa waxaa si tartiib tartiib ah looga badiyay dhulkooda. Hawsha ugu wayn ee dawladda Japan ayaa ku jira ilaalinta Shiinaha iyo Burma. Laakiin tan iyo dhamaadkii February in September 1944, Japan laga qabsaday oo ka mid ah Marshall, Mariana, Caroline Islands iyo New Guinea.

dulucdii ee US Japanese-dagaalkii ahaa guusha howlgalka Philippine, kaas oo bilaabay on October 17, 1944. khasaaraha Japan ayaa intii ay socdeen weerarradii Maraykanka iyo xulufadiisu ay ahayd musiibo, ayaa tiimbadeen by saddex dagaalka, afar sidayaal diyaaradaha, toban Cruiser, kow iyo toban baabbi'in. khasaaraha Shaqaalaha ahaayeen si siman u 300 Man kun.. US iyo khasaaraha huwantu waxa ay kaliya 16 kun iyo lix markab oo ka mid ah fasalada kala duwan.

Horraantii 1945, tiyaatarka hawlgallada u guuray dhulka of Japan. February 19 ahaa degtey guul jasiiradda of Iwo Jima, taas oo dabcan ka mid ah iska caabbin xoog leh ayaa waxaa ugu dhaqsaha badan qabsaday. June 21, 1945 ayaa lagu qabtay jasiiradda of Okinawa.

All dagaallada gaar ahaan gayiga Japan ahaayeen kuwo aad u rabshad, sida ugu badan ee ciidamada Japan waxaa iska lahaa rag & dumar ah Sumarai iyo diriray ilaa ugu dambaysta, doorbiday maxaabiis ahaan dhimashada. The tusaale ugu duwanyihiin waa isticmaalka unugyada kamikadze amarka Japan.

In July 1945, dawladda Japan ayaa la weydiiyay in ay is dhiibaan, laakiin Japan ayaa diiday in ay is dhiibaan, iyo ugu dhakhsaha badan intaas Maraykanka Diyaarado weerar nuclear magaalooyinka Japan ee Hiroshima iyo Nagasaki ayaa codsatay. Markaasaa kii labaad ee September 1945 on doonnidii fuulnay "Missouri" ahaa saxiixa Instrument Japan ee Islaanimo. In dagaal u dhexeeya Maraykanka iyo Japan waxaa u talin jiray, iyada oo WWII, inkastoo si rasmi ah loogu talagalay Japan WWII dhamaaday 1951 la soo wareegtay oo ka mid ah Treaty San Francisco.

Bamkii Atomikada ee Hiroshima iyo Nagasaki

Waayo, dhamaadka deg deg ah dagaalka kula Japan, dowladda Mareykanka ka dhigay go'aanka ah in ay isticmaalaan hub nuclear. Waxaa jira dhowr bartilmaameed suuragal ah in qaraxii, fikradda ah duqeeyaan bartilmaameedyada milateri oo kaliya isla markiiba diiday sababtoo ah suuragalnimada in daahid ah in aag yar. Doorashada on dhacay magaalooyinka Japan ee Hiroshima iyo Nagasaki, sida meelaha waxay leeyihiin meel wanaagsan iyo sifooyinka ay muuqaalkii siinayaa kordhaya kala duwan ee soo gaartay.

Magaaladii ugu horeysay, kaas oo hoos u awood qarax nuclear ee siddeed iyo toban kilotons, waxay ahayd magaaladii Hiroshima. Qarax ayaa waxaa hoos u subaxdii August 6, 1945 la qarxiyay B-29. khasaaraha dadka lacag ku saabsan 100-160 kun oo qof. Saddex maalmood ka dib, on August 9 waxaa la hoos geliyey qaraxii qaaradda of Nagasaki, hadda waa awoodda qaraxa ahaa labaatan kilotons, dhibbanayaasha waxay ahaayeen qiyaasaha kala duwan oo ku saabsan 60-80 kun oo qof. Saamaynta isticmaalka hubka qaaradda qasbay dawladda Japan in ay ku heshiiyaan in ay is dhiibaan.

Natiijada iyo cawaaqibta

Ka dib markii la aqoonsado guuldaradii of September 2, 1945 bilaabay shaqo ee Japan by ciidamada American. shaqo ayaa socday ilaa 1952, markii la saxiixay oo waxay galeen ciidanka on heshiis San Francisco galay. Ka dib markii guuldarro Japan ayaa waxaa mamnuuc ah in ay leeyihiin ciidamada military iyo hawada. siyaasadda oo dhan Japan iyo dhaqaalaha Maraykanka ahaa ee amarka. Japan ansixiyay dastuur cusub, baarlamaan cusub, baabiiyo fasalka Sumarai la aasaasin, laakiinse xoogga Imperial si rasmi ah weli, iyadoo ay jirto halis ah oo xasilloonni darro caan ah. Dhulkeeda waxaa lagu haynayaa ciidamada American iyo saldhigyadii ciidamada ayaa lagu dhisay in ay jiraan hadda.

khasaaraha dhinacyada

War Japan iyo Maraykanka ayaa keenay khasaare weyn dadka dalalkaas. Mareykanka laga badiyay kaliya in ka badan 106,000 oo qof. Oo ay ku jiraan 27 kun oo askari oo Maraykan ah maxaabiis dagaal 11 kun oo dhintay maxaabiis ahaan. khasaaraha Japan ayaa ka mid ahaa oo ku saabsan 1 milyan oo askar iyo sida ay qiyaaso kala duwan 600,000 oo qof oo rayid ah.

xaqiiqooyinka oo xiiso leh

Waxaa jira xaalado badan halkaas oo askari oo shakhsi ciidanka Japan sii waday in ay fuliyaan hawlgallo militari oo ka dhan Americans ka dib dhamaadka colaadaha. Sidaas darteed, February 1946, jasiiradda Lubanga inta lagu guda jiro rasaas sideed askari Maraykanka ayaa waxaa diley ciidammada Maraykanka. Bishii Maarso 1947, oo ku saabsan 30 askari Japanese weeraray ciidamada American jasiiradda of Peleliu, laakiin ka dib markii ay sheegeen in dagaalka uu yahay mid muddo dheer ka badan, askartii dhiibay.

Laakiin kiiska ugu caansan noocan ah waa dagaal dhuumaalaysi ah ee Filibiin Sarreeye labaad sirdoonka Japan Hiro Onoda ah. Waxaa ku dhawaad soddon sannadood ayaa qiyaastii boqol weeraro ciidamada Maraykanka, taas oo keentay in lagu dilay oo ku dhaawacmay iyo soddon mid ka mid boqol oo qof. Waxa ay ahayd oo keliya sanadkii 1974, wuxuu isku dhiibay ciidamada Philippine ah - oo ku labisan dareeska buuxda iyo si fiican u hubaysan.