Vera Davidova - Fanaanada Soviet opera: Biography, xaqiiqooyinka xiiso leh, hal-abuurka

Singer Vera Davidova ku noolaa nolol aad u dheer. Nasiib darro, sheekada waxaa ku dhowaad codkeeda dhawrin, laakiinse dadka aragti ah weli dhagaystayaasha kuwaas oo mar kaabayaasha dhaqaale iyaga by. Her name waxa ay hadda inta badan garab Xusidda Stalin xusuustay, inkasta oo ay tahay arrin aan caddaalad ahayn. Vera Aleksandrovna Davydova ahaa gabayaa fiican inay istaahilaan inay weli ku jira taariikhda farshaxanka.

carruurnimada

Wuxuu ku dhashay xiddiga opera mustaqbalka Vera Davydova September 17, 1906 in Nizhny Novgorod in sharaf leh qoyska. Noociisa ah ee hooyada uguma Pozharsky, sidoo kale ee qoyska way kula baayacmushtari jireen, laakiin ma jirto cid waligii wax la xiriira farshaxanka. qoyska wuxuu lahaa shan carruur ah. Aabaha waxaa inta badan laga badiyay in Nizhny Novgorod Fair oo dhan, iyo daryeelka carruurta jiifay ee saaran garbaha hooyada. In dhamaadka, hooyaday way taagnaan kari waayeen iimaanka, ayaa soo ururiyay carruurta iyo dhaqaaqay Bariga Fog, halkaas oo uu ku guursatay. Waxaa adeer ogaaday ah gabdhaha musicality aan caadi ahayn oo shaaca ka qaaday in ay bilowday barashada music.

In 1912, Vera galay dugsiga iyo isku midka ah qaatay casharo biyaano iyo gabay. In dugsiga, ayay hore u yimid on goobta. Marka Bariga Fog xaaqan Dagaalkii Sokeeye, qoyska u dhaqaaqay Vera in Blagoveshchensk. Waxaa jira diva mustaqbalka uu waxbarasho u aaday music la biyaaniiste L. Kuksinskoy. Waxay diyaarin soloist Faith ee heesta magaalada katedraalka.

sano oo waxbarasho

The guulaha dumarka music ahaayeen weyn, mar maqlay magaalada ku jiray safar ah oo gabayaa opera caanka ah A. Labinskiy oo iyada ku boorriyay in ay sii wadaan waxbarashada uu. Oo 1924, Vera Davidova diray inay Leningrad si aad u hesho waxbarasho. Glazunov, kuwaas oo la sameeyey xisaab hubinta ee Conservatory Leningrad ee, ayaa waxaa lagu dhuftay xoogga iyo quruxda codka iimaanka, ka dibna uu taageero joogta ah la siiyo. Iyo dayrta ee 1924 Davidov magiciisa ku arkay liiska ardayda ay Conservatory. NA Rimsky-arrimo. Waxay bartay fasalka E. Devos-Soboleva, ka qeyb galay fasalada studio opera ee I. Ershov ah. Iyada oo dabcan ugu horeysay ee ay si dhakhso ah loo wareejiyay saddexaad sababtoo ah guusha yar ee soo koraya barnaamij tababar.

laga bilaabo wadada

Back in maalmaha uu ardaygu Vera Davidova soo baxay on stage of the Ballet caanka Kirov. Waxay sameeyaa page kulan ee Urbana opera "Les Huguenots." Ka dib ka qalin conservatory ee 1930. CAQIIDADA ee labadii sano ayay mararka shaqeeyay Kirov Tiyaatarka ah, halkaas oo ay sameeyaa doorarka ee Martha "Khovanshchina" iyo Amneris in "Aida" iyo sidoo kale ku gabyeen in barnaamijyada kala duwan qaybsan badan oo ka mid ah qaybaha opera classic.

xirfadiisa opera

In 1932, Vera Davidova, heesaa opera la gaar mezzo-soprano, ayaa lagu casuumay si ay u Tiyaatarka Bolshoi ah. Xisbiga ugu horeysay ee ka mid ah oo gabayaa ahaa masraxa ugu weyn ee dalka ka jiray Amneris ee opera "Aida". Markaas, mid kale ka dib markii, raaceen by dhammaan xisbiyada ugu fiican ee waajihid opera dunida oo dhan: Lyubava in "Sadko", Lyubasha in "The Tsar ee aroosadda", Marfa in "Khovanshchina" Aksinya in "Deggan qulqulka Don ah", Marina Mniszek in "Boris Godunov". Laakiin xisbiga ugu weyn oo aad u fiican noqday Carmen. Dhaleeceyn iyo connoisseurs of opera qiray in Davidov ahaa ugu wanaagsan ee Carmen masraxa Soviet.

Intii lagu guda jiray dagaalka, oo gabayaa ahaa ayaa la daadgureeyay in Tbilisi, halkaas oo ay ku gabyeen guriga opera ah, oo sannadihii ugu kormeeray ee Azerbaijan, isbitaalada ee Badda Madow, ee Armenia. Her mustaqbalkiisa tiyaatarka ayaa ahaa mid aad u guulaystay, waxayna lahayd tartanka lahayn. Davidov shaqeeyay Bolshoi ilaa 1956.

Waxay si joogta ah kormeeray dal shisheeye, magaceedii waxaa si fiican u yaqaan in Finland, Norway, Hungary, Sweden.

Waayo, fulinta Davydova ahaa isku darka cajiib habboon ee gabay iyo hadal-simaha. Dhaleeceyn ku qoray in Vera Alexandrovna ahaa farsamo ma aha oo kaliya aad u fiican, laakiin sidoo kale xogta actor fiican ee. halyeeyo ku dhuftay waayo-aragnimo qoto dheer iyo qaninimo cajiib ah.

qolkii music

opera sokow Davydova waqti badan in shuqullada qolkii dil sooco. In 1944, ayay sameeyaa wareegga "hindiga Ruush ka asal ahaan ay maalintii la joogo", kaas oo ka mid ahaa 200 shuqullada, laga bilaabo heeso ee qarnigii 17aad iyo dhamaanayey dadweynaha yar-yaqaan ka shaqeeya Glier, Myaskovsky, Shaporin. Sidoo kale waxaa ka mid ah in Halabuurka barnaamijka Rimsky-Korsakoff iyo S.Rakhmaninov.

Dhaleeceyn xusay in waxqabadka Vera Alexandrovna qabashada duwan dabeecad wanaagsan iyo ruuxa of music this adag. song kasta, oofiyey Davydova, waa si taxadar leh safeeyey mini-story taas oo cod Fanaanada weyn ee ku adkeeyay macnaha shaqada. guul weyn ka mid ah dhagaystayaasha ku riyaaqay barnaamijka Alexandrovna Vera, oo ay ku jiraan shuqullada by Grieg, Sinding, Sibelius iyo composers kale ka Scandinavia.

Life ee Georgia

Ka dib markii fariistay Tiyaatarka Bolshoi ee 1956, Vera Alexandrovna iyo ninkeeda u dhaqaaqay Tbilisi. Halkan, waxay sheegtay in ay ka shaqeeya tan iyo 1959 at State Tbilisi ee Conservatory. In ka badan sannadihii waxbaridda Davydova soo saaray Galaxy ka mid ah fanaaniinta aad u fiican, oo ay ku jiraan Maklavu Kasrashvili, soloist of Bolshoi Tiyaatarka ah, Artist Dadka ee USSR. In 1964, Davydova waxaa la guddoonsiiyey horyaalka of professor at Conservatory ah. Waxay soo shaqeeyay ardayda Shiinaha, kuwaas oo si gaar ah u yimaadeen inay Midowga Soofiyeeti inay ka adkaadaan xirfadaha ee dugsiga opera Soviet. In Tbilisi, Vera Alexandrovna noolaa ilaa uu dhintay.

Legacy iyo xusuusta

Nasiib darro, in ay ka badbaaday yara codka sixir arrin cajalado Vera Davidova. Maanta aad dhegaysan kartaa wax lagu qoro ee 1937 opera Bizet ee "Carmen" opera by Tchaikovsky "Mazepa" (post 1948), Verdi ee "Aida" (1952), NA Rimsky-arrimo ee "Sadko" (1952).

Fanaanada weyn ee Reer dhulkii iyada hooyo ma aan illoobo. In sharaf of 105 dhalashada ee Nizhny Novgorod marti fiidkii ah ee xasuusta of Vera Davidova, sanadkii 2012, ka dib markii iyada riwaayad lagu qabtay, at taas oo ku gabyeen iyada doorka opera jecel iyo romances.

Awards iyo koob

Vera Davidova si joogta ah siiyaa tayadiisa aad u fiican. Waxay waxaa la gudoonsiiyey Nobel Stalin saddex jeer. In 1937, iyada waxaa la siiyay horyaalka "Faneed ee sharafta RSFSR ah," ee 1951, iyada waxaa la siiyay horyaalka "Faneed Dadka ee RSFSR ah". Iyada oo ku nool Tbilisi, iyana waxay noqotay milkiilaha horyaalka "Faneed Dadka of sii buurayn ee Joorijiyaan ah" ka. Vera Alexandrovna waxaa la guddoonsiiyey bilado dhowr ah, Red shaqada Banner iyo "Badge of Honor".

nolosha Personal

Vera Alexandrovna guursaday markii ay bartay Conservatory Leningrad, iyadoo gabayaa ahaa tayo leh ka Georgia Dmitry Mchelidze. Si wada jir ah labada qof ayaa ku noolaa muddo ku dhow 60 sano. Dmitry Semenovich ahaa Bass u fiican, ayuu ku gabyeen at Tiyaatarka Mariinsky ah, ka dibna labada qof u wada yimaadeen Masraxa Bolshoi ah. In 1950 wuxuu noqday madaxa Hobollada Qaranka ee tiyaatarka. In 1951 Dmitry wareejiyo si ay uga shaqeeyaan Tbilisi, isaga iyo Vera Alexandrovna ka daba tegey. Lamaanahan ayaa wada baray at Conservatory Tbilisi ka. Marka ninkeeda ku dhintay 1983, qaraabada bixiyeen Vera Alexandrovna soo laabtay Moscow, laakiinse ma ay dhicin tago qabriga xaaskiisa ee.

Vera Davidova iyo Stalin: Xaq iyo khayaali

Maanta, magaca Vera Davidova inta badan xusuusan waayay aawadeed oo keliya, iyada oo shaqo, oo xidhiidh la leh qof Stalin ee. Xitaa intii lagu jiray shuqulkii oo gabayaa ahaa ee leexinaaya Bolshoi Tiyaatarka waswaasiyey wuxuu iyadii daba socday, guulaha iyada oo dhan waxa ay la xiriiraan bacdi sare.

In 1993 kitaab la daabacay ee London by L. Gendlin "Qirashooyinkiisa ee waxay sayidaddeedii ku ah Stalin", uu qoray wajiga oo gabayaa ahaa ee. Marka Vera Alexandrovna ogaaday oo ku saabsan qoraalkan, waxaa si cad beeniyay dhamaan xaqiiqooyinka in halkaas lagu soo bandhigay. Her maayso Olga Mchelidze leeyahay kitaabkan ayaa sababay dhimashada ayeeydeed, mana aha kuwo kara cay oo caynkaas ah. Olga, sida laga soo xigtay oo gabayaa ahaa, ayaa sheegay in aanay jirin xiriir ka dhexeeya Stalin iyo Davydova ma ahaa. In marka waxaa la keenay uu dacha, halkaas oo waxaa jiray hadal kooban, iyo in xiriirka Waligeed dhamaaday. Dadka ku noolaa waayahaas, waxay dhihi, waa lagama yaabo in oo gabayaa ahaa awoodi doonaan in ay ka badbaadaan haddii ay ku guuldareysatay hoggaamiye. Laakiin caddayn dokumeenti ah iyo caddaymo dhab ah xidhiidhka ka dhexeeya oo gabayaa iyo Stalin lahayn.

xaqiiqooyinka oo xiiso leh

Vera Davidova ahaa xigeen ee Soviet Sare ee yeelataan shir labaad iyo saddexaad. Intii lagu guda jiray dagaalkii labaad ee adduunka, oo gabayaa siiyey xaflado yar, khidmadaha laga soo diray Fund Difaaca. Davydov ma helin horyaalka ee "Faneed Dadka ee USSR ah", ay magaca odhan liiska ku abaal marinta ku dhuftay by Stalin qudhiisa.