"Varyag" - xambaara dayuuradaha. Description, astaamaha, sawiro

sidayaal Diyaaradaha - Markabka haybad in astaan awoodda military ee gobolka. Maanta waxaan eegto markab culus diyaarad-waday "Varyag", sheekada ah taas oo ahayd mid aad u xiiso iyo wareer. Abuuray markab ee Midowga Soofiyeeti, dhammeeyey dhismihii Ukraine, oo hadda u taagan on hubka Shiinaha. Haddaba, waxyaalihii hore marka hore. Bal aan ka bilowno taariikhda doonnida ka.

Start dhismaha

"11435" December 4, 1985 deked markab Badda Madow bilaabay madaxa markab mashruuca ah. ku socoto bannaan (dhismaha madal) istaageen madhan muddo dheer - ugu dhakhsaha badan u dhigay sida xambaara dayuuradaha (culus markab-sidaha). Markabka waxaa la odhan jiray "Riga". Si ka duwan markab madaxa dhisay raxan ah Northern ah, ee xambaara dayuuradaha cusub waa diyaar on isticmaalka Fleet Pacific. Waxaa la dhisay in design la mid ah sida in of model madaxa, magaca oo buuxa kuwaas oo, kadis ah, codadka sida "Soviet Union Fleet Admiral Kuznetsov". Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa jiray qaar ka mid ah hagaajin. Chief iyaga ka mid ah - bedelka ee adag radio-elektaroonik ah oo dheeraad ah oo casri ah.

bilaabeyna

November 25, 1988 "Riga" ayaa la bilaabay. Waxaa dhismaha sabbaynaya ayaa lagu soo gabagabeeyey waa. June 19, 1990 markabka heshay magac cusub - "Varyag". xambaara dayuuradaha dhisay arrin degdeg ah, ilaa la ilaalinayo jadwalka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dabayaaqadii 1991, markii Midowga Soofiyeeti bilaabay qaybta, dhismaha ayaa joojiyay. In 1992, markii doonnidii ku jirtay oo diyaar u ah 68% ka mid ah ay mothballed. Midkoodna Russia mana Ukraine ma u awoodin inuu sii maalgelinta mashruuca. Waxaa intaa dheer, ma aha xataa kara inuu wax badbaadiyo. Marka reebay ilaalinta markabka, qalabka bilaabeen inay ka dhici 1993.

sale

Si markabka keenay ugu yaraan faa'iidooyinka qaar ka mid ah, waxa ay go'aansadeen inay iibiyaan for duugga ah. In 1997 oo dhaylo ah oo caalami ah lagu dhawaaqay. Qiimaha ugu sareeya - $ 20 million -. Waxaa la soo jeediyey shirkadda safarka, ku salaysan ee gumeysi reer Portugal ee Macao. Bishii Maarso ee sanadka soo socda, markab ku soo biiray ee ay qubo. Sida laga soo xigtay shirkadda, markay u sii socotay inay u isticmaalaan qolof weyn ee markabka si ay u abuuraan xarun madadaalo sabayn. Waxaa ka dib soo baxday, in masaasad shirkadda. Oo iyana waxay Macau gumeysi iska leh Portugal amaah ilaa iyo dhamaadka 1999. Sayidka, taariikhda, waxaynu garanaynaa, waayo, qaarkood in Macaamiisha dhabta ah "Varyag" ayaa noqotay ciidamada badda Shiinaha.

weel jiidaya

Si aad u jiidi sida markab weyn oo loo marayo saddex badaha, way qabsadeen badan oo waqti iyo lacag. Nidaamka waxaa adag by xaqiiqada ah in markabka aan la rakibay propulsion iyo habka ay gacanta ku. Laakiinse doonniyo waxay ka warshad keenay June 2000. Sababta oo ah dhibaato dowlada Turkiga ay jiido markabka oo weli la Badda Madow ilaa November 2001. In Badda Aegean ka markabka qabtay duufaan iyo xooggu iska jebin. Muddo ka dib, waxay midoobo ku xirid ah, iyo doonnida oo waxay hareereeyeen Africa via Gibraltar. Markaas, iyada oo loo marayo Badweynta Hindiya iyo Singapore, wuxuuna ka mid ahaa in South badda Shiinaha ee. March 3, 2002, isagoo jidka ka dhigay 15,000 miles, "Varyag" waxaa ku xidheen dekedda Chinese ee Dalian.

Masiirka xiga

Tan iyo markii doonnidii la iibin sidii biraha duugga ah, oo aan ka mid ah mid ka mid ah waraaqaha qaabaynta iyo dhismaha. Sidaa darteed, muddo saddex sano ah, injineerada Chinese ayaa u bartay. In 2005, shaqo bilaabay on dhiska iyo dhamaystirka of markabka "Varyag". xambaara dayuuradaha, sida ku cad xogta hordhaca ah, waxaa la filayey inay markabka tababarka wadayaasha dhallinyaro ah. Aan rasmi aheyn, waxa uu sheegay in "Varyag" waxaa laga baxshay doonaa "Shi Lang", oo lagu sharfayo Taliyaha ciidamada badda, kuwaas oo in 1681 ay qabsadeen jasiiradda Taiwan.

Dhammeystirka iyo dib u dhiska

"Varyag" xambaara dayuuradaha Soviet waxaa laga sameeyey oo tayo aad u sarreeya. Inta lagu jiro wakhtigan oo aan waxtar lahayn, ayuu ku dednaa daxalka, laakiin meelaha ugu muhiimsan (jirka, goo, boolal iyo dharyo sugan) ayaa la sii raagayaan xaalad wanaagsan. Fiilooyinka, qalabka korontada, iyo wax kasta oo kale in laga xadi karo, waxaa fuliyey off markabka halka lagu kaydiyo ee Nikolaev. Sidaa darteed, si ay markabka keeno xaalad dagaal, Shiinaha lahaa si ay u fuliyaan shaqo weyn. Tan iyo markii ay ma lahayn, habka korontada dukumentiyada lahaa in la horumariyo ka xoq. Oo waxaa lagama maarmaan ahayd in ay qalabeeyaan hub markab ah. Samee markab la dhammeeyayna ay ahayd wax badan ka adag tahay in ay mar kale la abuuro.

shipbuilders Chinese waa inuu bixiyo canshuurtii. Waxay ula qabsanay hawsha, iyo in August 2011 bilaabeen tijaabinta sifooyinka wadista ee side diyaarad. Ku dhawaad hal sano ah markabka ahaa jirrabyadii ee badda ku jira, iyo kaliya mararka qaarkood loo yaqaan dekedda Dalian in la baabi'iyo cabashada markabka.

Bilowga September 2012 on board markab ay ku raran yihiin rasaas imtixaanka hubka. Horeba on September 25 sano in, side rasmi ah ugu biiray madaxda sare ee Navy Chinese ah. In sharaf of mid ka mid ah gobollada dalka Shiinaha ee doonnidii la odhan jiray "Liaoning". Tan iyo markaas, waxaa jiray soo qaadina xaaladda waxbarasho ee markabka. Maanta, waxa ay u muuqataa, waxaa loo arkaa unit buuxa fuliya oo dagaal.

Dhab ahaantii xiiso leh waa in side diyaaradaha Soviet waa in biyaha la mid ah, kaas oo markii hore loo adeegsaday oo keliya ka yar calanka a kala duwan. Waxaan hadda ka fiirsan dhinaca farsamada ee markabka.

hubka

markab ayaa la aan qaatay, kuwaas oo la dhigay isaga on by mashruuca Soviet. Waxaa ku qalabeysan go'an yar ee hubka lagama maarmaanka u ah is-difaaca. Sidoo kale qalabaysan maraakiibta Maraykanka ee fasalka.

injineerada Ruush aaminsan yihiin in anigaa ku hoos weerarka maraakiibta adag ugu weyn ayaa la burburiyey iyo diinta ee lagu kaydin jiray oo shidaal iyo saanad group hawada.

diyaarad culus oo ay saarnaayeen markab "Varyag", sawir kaas oo u muuqdo mid aad u cajiib ah, iyadoo dhamaystirka Navy Chinese ayaa helay hub ciidan lidka diyaaradaha ee wax soo saarka maxaliga ah. Opportunity iyo Halabuurka waxaa ka mid ah waqtiyada liita in filayaa mashruuca. Sida hub ciidan diyaaradaha, ka dibna waxaa xambaara dayuuradaha ay Shiinaha ayaa abuuray version gaar ah oo dagaalka ku J-11. Waana mid ka, model this waa nuqul ka mid ah Soviet Su-27. Gediyay J-11 helay magac cusub - J-15.

Waxa intaa dheer in diyaaradaha midige ee helicopters laga dhisi doonaa Z-18 iyo Z-9. Waayo, long-range radar ilaalinta Shiinaha helay a Ruush Ka-31. Guud ahaan, markab group hawada ka kooban yahay 24 badan loo helicopters dagaal ASW helicopters 6, 4 iyo 2 helicopter goobidda iyo samatabbixinta AEW.

isgaarsiinta iyo qalabka kale ee

On the "Varyag" (markab duulista, oo ma noqon kibirka cusub oo ka mid ah dalalka Soviet) ee dhismaha, waxaa la go'aamiyay in ay ku riday nidaamka radar ee (RFCs) "forum" halkii lagu rakibay on markab hogaanka "Mars-Passat". Sidaa darteed, meel bannaan oo ku hoos posts antenna ah "Mars-Passat" waxaana lagu shaabadeeyey.

At dhamaystirka markab ee Shiinaha ee meelahan ku rakibtay Arrays RLK 348 nooc oo ah wax soo saarka dalka Shiinaha. Sidaas darteed, "ayuu Liaoning" xitaa ka sii badan oo la mid ah markabka hogaanka badan ku guuldareystay "Varyag" ah. markab diyaaradaha ayaa sidoo kale helay qoqobada antenna radar ee Chinese "Badda Eagle" station ah.

Sida qayb dayactirka diyaarad, "Liaoning" ceshan oo dhan sifooyinka caan mashruuca Soviet. iyaga ka mid ah waxay u taagan tahay soo baxay saddex-upka jagooyinka la gaz loox la yaab iyo ka saaraysaa dib u dhac, boodboodo halkii catapults, nidaamka degtey indhaha, iyo afar xireen nooca Xadhig-marsho mashiinada Haydarooliga for taayarada.

In doonnida ee doonnida, qarkiisa ka hadhay on model Maraykanka ayaa lagu wadaa meel furan madaxa degtey muuqaal ah. In side diyaaradaha post Soviet waa qol ah glassed ku lifaaqan, kaas oo ku habboon in cimilada ee North iyo Bariga Fog ee.

xafiiska

In 1991, Midowga Soofiyeeti bilaabay dhismaha markabka ee dhismaha markab ah. Wuxuu ayaa loo magacaabay taliyaha markabka. Waxay noqday Captain First Rank Vladimir Vysotsky. Man hore amray markabka "Minsk". In 1993, shaqaalihii markabka ayaa la kala diray.

On 4 November 2012 oo galay adeega side diyaarad "Liaoning" waxa uu noqday meel ay tijaabooyin badda, iyo dagaalka duuliye tababar takhasus J-15. On November 5 sano isla, markii ugu horeysay ee taariikhda Shiinaha, dhulka ee diyaaradda midige ee doonnidii la fuliyay jillaab ee cable ka.

Bishii December 2013 doonniyihii middood, "Liaoning" meeluu ku dhowaad isku dhaceen ee South Badda Shiinaha oo la markab Mareykanka USS Cowpens. Labada dhinac ayaa lagu eedeeyay in uu midba midka kale fahan.

November 7, 2014 on markab "Liaoning" ku booqday Xoghayaha Difaaca Mareykanka Chak Heygel. Imaanshaha on booqasho rasmi ah Shiinaha, ayuu weydiiyay suurtagalnimada in ay eegaan marka hore side Shiinaha ee diyaaradaha. Ka dib markii safar laba-saac ee doonnida a Hagel wanaagsan ku tilmaamay heerka tababar ee shaqaalaha markabka oo ah markab u. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ayuu yiri, Chinese ah ay weli wax badan oo ay wax ku bartaan oo duurka ku ah diyaaradaha side-ku-saleysan.

Bishii September 2015, warbaahinta qaar ka mid ah la sheegay in ay "Liaoning" gaaray Badda Mediterranean-ka iyo xidheen dekedda ahaa Suuriya ee reer Tartus. Waxaa la malaysan in warkan waa wax ka badan kayihiin. Xaqiiqada ah in calaamadeysanayaan noocan oo kale ah waa mid aan suurta galayn in markab la dareemin guud ahaan Oceans ee Indian iyo Pacific.

Ship ee farshaxanka

"Varyag" - xambaara dayuuradaha, kaas oo ilaa 2000 ahayd in Nikolaev ku saabsan outfitting derbiyada, wuxuu noqday saldhig u tahay goob ka mid ah a sheeko cajiib ah "safrayaan." dhagarta qabtay waddammo a khayaalka xambaara dayuuradaha taalo "Dmitry Pozharsky". Isagu waa ka xilligii Soviet waxaa ku dooday in Primorsk, iyo ka dib waxaa lagu riday oo lagu iibinayo. Sida laga soo xigtay sheekada qoriga shot markab ee 2017 ayaa keentay in kacdoonka hubaysan, ujeedada taas oo ahayd soo celinta awoodda Soviet.

Sheekada Fantastic "Operation waran" AI Pervushina sidoo kale daabacay hoos horyaalka "Cruiser Varyag". xambaara dayuuradaha, sifooyinka oo aynu maanta dib loo eego, dhagarta sheekada ayaa si rasmi ah u iibin jireen inay u safraan shirkadaha, iyo dhab ahaan u tageen inay xeebaha Jacaylku in la raadiyo artifact a sixir. In xilli kooxaha dagaalka side markab ka soo horjeeda ciidamada badda ee Maraykanka, kaas oo sidoo kale doonayay in la helo khasnadda ah.

Taasi xambaara dayuuradaha "Varyag", sawir ka mid ah kaas oo keena murugo qaar ka mid ah, ayaa noqday shakhsiyaynta of hal abuur leh oo aan la fahmi karin in dadka geopolitics caadiga ah.

gunaanad

Maanta waxaan bartay sida ay u adag jiray sheekada mid ah markabka "Varyag". xambaara dayuuradaha, siidaynta taas oo hadda ina ogeysiiyey, la laabatay lahaa in Soviet, ciidamada dalka Ruushka ama Yukreeniyaan, haddii ay sabab u dayacaad ma uu dayac badan ka iibin xafiiltamaan ee istiraatiijiga ah.