Stanisław Lem iyo sheeko "Solaris"

1961 th ay astaan ma aha oo kaliya duulimaadka ugu horeeya ee aadanaha meel, laakiin sidoo kale xaqiiqada ah in novel ah "Solaris" waxaa ugu horaysay la daabacay sanadkii la soo. Qoraaga of this wax soo saarka fantastic ahaa qoraa Polish asal ahaan Yuhuudda Stanisław Lem. "Solaris" ayaa loo dhoofiyay si ay u noqdaan ma aha oo kaliya ugu caansan ee shuqullada qoraaga, laakiin sidoo kale ka tago sumadda ah tirtiri karin suugaanta ku fantastic ah ee dunida.

Stanisław Lem - qoraaga novel ah "Solaris"

Stanisław Lem, ama sida ay u wac ee dalkiisa Stanisław Lem, waxa uu ku dhashay magaalada Yukreeniyaan of Lviv, kaas oo wakhtigaas waxaa iska lahaa Poland. Childhood qoraaga mustaqbalka waxaa halkaas soo maray. dugsiga sare ka dib, Stanisław dhallinyarada doortay xirfad caafimaad oo wuxuu tegey on in ay waxbarashada caafimaadka ee Jaamacadda Lviv. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, iyadoo ka dillaacay ee dagaalkii labaad ee adduunka, Lem ayaa lagu qasbay in ay ka baxaan dugsiga iyo hesho shaqo sida alxanka a.

The qoraa waalidkiis oo ahaa Yuhuudda. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxay awoodi karaan in ay ka fogaadaan masaafurinta iyo xabsi ku jira xeryaha fiirsashada sababtoo ah dokumentiga been ahaayeen.

Dagaalka ka dib, Lviv oo qayb ka ah USSR noqday, iyo Lem, Pole ah, ayaa lagu qasbay inuu ka tago magaalada uu ku dhashay iyo ku biiro Krakow. Halkan uu waxbarashadiisa ka sii watay Jaamacadda Jagiellonian ah.

The dakhliga xilligii dagaalka culus ka Stanisław Lem ahaayeen kuwo yar yar. Si ay u helaan lacag dheeraad ah oo ay waqtiga firaaqada ah, shaqo rasmi ah, wuxuu bilaabay inuu qoro sheekooyinka khayaaliga gaaban. Soon Lem tayo waxaa mahad, qayb ka mid ah oo dheeraad ah ayaa noqday shaqadiisa ugu weyn.

In 1951, qoraaga daabacdaa uu shaqada ugu weyn - sheeko khayaali "cir". Taas ayaa ka dhigaysa shaqada Lem yaqaan ma aha oo kaliya in Poland laakiin caalamka oo dhan. "Cir" waxa loo bedelaa afaf kale oo inta badan republished.

In sannadihii danbe, waxa ka baxo badan oo qoraaga. Tixaha "Magellanic Cloud", "baaritaanka", "Eden", "Return ka Stars ah", "quusiyay helay xamaamka ah", "loogama badin," "Rabbiga codkiisu wuxuu ka", "Qatar" iyo kuwa kale. Wareegga of sheekooyinka kaftan ah oo ku saabsan "The Star Diaries," ayuu adventures ee cir ah, a collection of maqaalo, "Wada", sheeko kaftan ah "The duulaanka ka Aldebaran." Taxanaha "aalado Warkii" sheekooyinka, "Cyberiad The," "waa Warkii Dadkii Pirx Pilot ah", "wax aan waxba tarayn buuxda" iyo wax ka badan. Waxaa ka mid ah shuqullada qoraaga sida novel ah taariikh ahaaneed ku saabsan carruurnimada ee Lviv "Castle High" oo ugu caansan ka sheekaysay khayaali dunida falsafada "Solaris".

Writer dhintay bishii March 2006, ka dhibaatooyinka wadnaha oo waxaa lagu aasay Krakow.

Kooban novel ah "Solaris"

In mustaqbalka dhow, aadanaha waxaa si firfircoon horumarinta meel bannaan. In ka badan boqol iyo soddon sannadood ka hor caalamka sheeko ka Solaris ayaa laga helay by saynisyahano. Marka ugu horeysa, dadka u maleeyay in ay ahayd Anfaco. Si dhakhso ah, si kastaba ha ahaatee, aadanaha ogaaday in badda kiseleobrazny, oo daboolaya dusha oo dhan meeraha - naf nool. dadkii aad ugu farxay oo wuxuu bilaabay inuu raadiyo hab si ay xiriir la sameeyaan Fikirkaas. Laakiin qarnigii la soo dhaafay, oo ay aad u saas oo ku guuldareystay.

Saldhiga cilmi baaris ku Solaris yimaado shaqaale cusub - nafsiga Chris Kelvin. Dhaqanka shaqaalaha kale ee saldhigga - Snauta iyo Sartorius - waxa ay u muuqataa mid aad u la yaab leh. Waxaa intaa dheer, ku magacaabay sarkaal Gibaryan saddexaad wax yar ka hor imaanshiyaha Chris ka go'an ismiidaamin ah.

Kelvin ma haysan waqti si uu u dheefshiido news oo dhan, waxaa lama yaqaan halka uu-saaxiibtiisa hore u muuqataa Hari. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tani ma noqon karaa, sida ay lahayd oo ismiidaamin ah mar go'an. All isku dayo in laga takhaluso Chris Hari guuleysan - ayay mar kale iyo mar kale ku soo laabtay. Soon-nafsiga ogaado in qof kasta oo shaqaale ah ayaa rabin "martida" la midka ah ee la soo dhaafay. Waxaaba galay waqti marka dadku bartaan Solaris, caalamka, sidoo kale, ay bilaabeen in ay qabtaan "tijaabo" in ka badan cilmi ay. Si arrintan loo sameeyo, waxaa materializes waxyaalaha xusuus qadhaadh oo ceebta ah ee dadka deggan tahay caalamka.

Calvin iyo cabanaya uu la shaqayn jiray si firfircoon raadinaya hab in laga takhaluso ka mid ah "guests", loo yaqaan phantoms. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, iyagu ma ay shaqeeyaan. Dhanka kale, Chris bilaabmaa si ay u noqdaan ku lifaaqan Hari, kaas oo noqonaya mid aad aadanaha iyo ugu dhakhsaha badan ayay u qiyaasa ku saabsan asalka ay. Ay ogaatay in ay tahay, ayay isku dayo inuu is dilo, laakiinse iyadu ma ay ka soo baxaan.

Kelvin ugu dhakhsaha badan uu joogsanayo in la raadiyo hab in laga takhaluso Hari. Laakiin saaxiibo uu la gabadha qarsoodi sii cilmi. Waxay maareeyaan in ay gaaraan guul iyo inaad baabbi'isid oo dhan Kyung ee saldhiga, oo ay ku jiraan Hari.

Chris waa mid aad u xumaaday, maxaa yeelay of khasaaradan toona. saaxiibtiis ka cabsannay inuu samayn lahaa wax finan - qarxiyaan caalamka ama ay naftooda dilaan. Laakiin dhab ah colka wararka dhacdada, Kelvin go'aansado inuu sii joogo on Solaris iyo cilmi baaris dheeraad ah.

History of qoraal sheeko ah

novel ah "Solaris" ma ahaa, oo shuqulladaadii hore ugu weyn ee khayaaliga Lem. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxay bilaabeen inay u guuraan ka qoraaga images lkn mustaqbalka, caadiga ah ee uu robot hore iska.

Qaybta ugu muhiimsan ee "Solaris" waxaa lagu qoray xagaagii 1959, markii Stanisław Lem vacationing ee koonfurta of Poland. Laakiin markii uu guriga ku soo laabtay, qoraaga tuuray qoraaladii diiqid muddo ku dhow sanad. In 1960, Lem go'aansado inuu weli ku dhameysan novel ah "Solaris". Si taas loo gaaro, ayuu dhameeyo cutubka ugu dambeeya, iyo sidoo kale habaynta qoraalka hore ku qoran. In 1961, sheeko cusub oo lagu daabacay Poland, oo sannadihii danbe waxaa uu bilaabay in uu turjumo luqadaha kale.

Sida dambe ku qoray buugaag uu taariikh ahaaneed uu Lem, wax badan in uu novel "Solaris" ahaa enjineer isaga. Iyada oo ka shaqeeya novel ah, qoraaga mararka qaarkood u muuqatay in qof kale sheegayaa isaga sida iyo waxa la qoro.

version screen

In 1963 wuxuu ahaa wareejiyay af Ruush "Solaris". novel waxa uu ahaa sidaas ku faraxsanahay akhristayaasha Soviet in sano shan kaliya ka dib markii daabacaadda sababaha uu duubay show TV la Vasiliem Lanovym bilowday a.

In 1972, Andrei Tarkovsky qaaday movie buuxa on novel ah by Lem la Donatas Banionis sida Kelvin. Dhanka kale, qoraaga novel waxaa arrin si xun u jawaabay colka wararka ee "Solaris" Tarkovsky, isagoo sheegay in agaasimaha weyn ma ay garan qorshahiisa.

Bilowga laba kun ee Stanisław Lem bixiyeen in ay ku duubaan uu novel ee Hollywood. Ka dib markii failure ee Tarkovsky qoraa nahey, laakiin isku raacay. Iyo 2002 on screens ka soo qabsashada saddexaad ee novel ah "Solaris". Nasiib darro, waxa soo baxday in ka sii fog ka sawirka mooshin asalka halkii 1972.

In 2016-degayo 55 sano tan iyo markii la baahiyay ee buugga Stanislava Lema, "Solaris". novel The sanadihii la soo dhaafay ayaa guuldarro aysan ka ay ku tacaluqa iyo sii wadaan in ay Dhectuuro maskaxda iyo aad u badan ka ab cusub ee akhristayaasha.