Soviet taangiga T-34/76: sawiro iyo xaqiiqooyinka oo xiiso leh

Bilowga ee taangiga WWII T-34 waxaa soo saaray laba qeybood. Released in qadar yar oo ah T-34/5 nidaamka qoriga hubaysan zis-4. T-34/76 ahaa taangiga celcelis ahaan iyo baaxad weyn oo la qori F-34. By dhexe ee dagaalka, wuxuu noqday model weyn Soofiyeeti. u kaca ee ee T-34/76, kaas oo ka dhacay July 2016 ee gobolka Voronezh ah, waxay ka caawisaa in ay xasuusiso jiilka haatan jooga ee ay muhiimadda iyo halyeeyga. Inta badan mahad mishiinka, Army Cas u suurtagashay in ay jebiyaan laf cadowga Jarmal. In this article aan tixgelin xaqiiqooyinka qaar ka mid ah oo xiiso leh oo ku saabsan.

wax soo saarka

In 1941 wuxuu soo saaray beddelid caanka ah ee saddex dhirta, in Kharkov, Stalingrad oo ku saabsan "Red Sormovo" in Gorky. Bilowga dagaalka, on 25 June, Golaha Commissars Dadka qaatay amar sida ay taas warshadaha Soviet lahaa in ay si weyn u kordhiyaan wax soo saarka ee taangiyada.

Dhab ahaantii abuuray nidaam cusub ee wax soo saarka. Doorka taasoo keentay waxaa loo xilsaaray in tirada dhirta 183 ee Kharkov iyo xafiiska design ay. Military maleeyey in industry waxyaabaha kale ee soo saarta taangiga T-34/76, oo waxaad ka samaysaa isbeddel ah ee qaab-dhismeedkeeda, waxay shirkadda this tashan doonaa. In dhaqanka, wax ka soo shaqeeyay duwan. buuqooda dagaalka, qaxidda ee warshad Kharkov in Nizhny Tagil iyo xaalado kale oo keentay in xaqiiqda ah in isla kuwaas waxay ahaayeen keliya sifooyinka xeelad iyo farsamo ee model ah. In qaybo kale oo dhirta ka mid ah waxyaabaha kala duwan wax yar kala duwanaan karaan. Title-habeynta, si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxay ahayd wax caadi ah. 76 Number qaatay sababtoo ah madfac 76-mm ah dabeecad u.

muuqaalka kore ee ciidanka

SOFHURA qasbay fududayn iyo casriyayn-soo-saarka sida uu beddelo xaaladaha conjunctural. Bishii September 1941, ka dib markii soo wariyay in bilaha ugu horeeya ee dagaalka, T-34-76 waxay bilaabeen inay yimaadaan tirade ciidanka. Ugu yaraan of this oo dhan hardware military ahaa on tiyaatarka waqooyi-galbeed ee howlgallada.

Waa midda koowaade, tiyaatarka this muddo dheer ahayd oo kaliya qof yar (munaasabadaha waaweyn ka dhacay deegaanka Moscow ee). Marka labaad, Front Leningrad helay laftiisa go'doon ka inta kale ee USSR. taangiyada diraya hor istaagay magaalada on Neva waa mid aad u adag. Sida natiijada Lenfronta park inta badan aan ka koobnaa mass T-34/76, iyo iftiinka uga T-26 iyo HF culus ( "Clim Voroshilov").

Of cagaf ah - in taangiyada

By October 1 ahayd 566 taangiyada (65 ay ahaayeen T-34/76) on hore ee reer galbeedka. Sida ka muuqata tirokoobyada arkay, halka saamiga ah wax ka bedelidii wali ah mid hooseeya. Inta badan oo ka mid ah T-34/76 saaray oo wuxuu ka dhigay in 1943, xiligaas oo uu noqday taangiyada Soviet ugu caansan oo la garan karo. waxaa bedelay wax ka beddelid soo socda waa u dhaw in dhamaadka dagaalka - T-34 ah / 85.

In xilliga dayrta 1941 soo saare ugu weyn ee taangiyada noqday warshad Stalingrad. Ka hor dagaalka waxaa la abuuray sida cagaf ah. Inta lagu guda jiro warshadaynta Stalin ee waxaa jiray dhowr shirkadood oo kale, oo dhan oo iyaga ka mid ah ayaa la dhisay isha colaadda a suurto gal hubaysan. Haddii in nabadda warshad cagaf Stalingrad ka dhigay, waa weerarka ka dib Jarmal, ay sabab u tahay dhegyadii ee wax soo saarka, waxaa la si deg deg ah loo baxshay taangiga. In meel of mishiinada beeraha qalabka military yimid.

imtixaanka jiilaalka

Waayo, markii ugu horeysay ee T-34/76 isaga qudhiisa ku dhawaaqay sida taangi universal dayrta ee 1941. Oo waagaas, ee Jarmalka ciidamada oo dhan loola cararay Moscow. Wehrmacht ayaa la rajeeyo blitzkrieg ah, oo lagu tuuray dagaalka ku kaydka iyo aad u badan galay. Ciidamada Soviet ayaa sii Socda caasimada. Dagaalka ayaa markii hore joogay 80 kiiloomitir u jirta Moscow. Dhanka kale, goor hore (ee October) ahaa baraf da'ayo oo waxaa jiray cover baraf. Under xaaladahan, taangiga iftiin T-60 iyo T-40C badiyay awood u lahayn in ay wadaan. model culus xanuunka la'aanta ah ee ay PPC iyo gudbinta. Sidaas darteed, marxalad muhiim ah oo la dagaal galay, waxaa la go'aamiyay in la sameeyo taangiga T-34 ugu muhiimsan / 76. By miisaanka, mishiinka waxaa loo tixgeliyaa inay celcelis ahaan.

Waayo, ay waqti u ahayd qalab wanaagsan iyo-dhamaadka sare taangiga Soviet T-34/76 1941 saamiga. constructor kibir gaar ah waxaa loo yaqaan engine naaftada B-2. hubkiisa Protivosnaryadnym (taangiga element difaaca muhiim ah) fuliyeen hawlaha oo dhan iyo kalsoonaan karo ilaaliyo markabka of 4 qof. toogashada-xawaaraha sare ee kala duwan nidaamka Artillery F-34, jidaynayey si deg deg ah in la cadowga ka qabtaan. Saddexdan sifooyinka daryeelo khubarada in meesha ugu horeysa. Sifooyinka kale ee taangiga la beddelay, ee jeedo ee la soo dhaafay.

Heroes booyadaha

Booyadaha, diriray oo ku T-34/76, isu dhigay guulahaas badan inay taxaan iyaga oo dhan waa wax aan macquul aheyn. Halkan waa uun tusaale oo qaar ka mid ah geesinimada ay shaqaalaha inta lagu guda jiro Battle of Moscow. Kaforin saajin ka sii waday in ay dab at cadowga, xataa marka saaxiibo oo dhan ayaa la dilay, iyo taangiga waxaa ku dhacay. maalintii dambe oo uu u dhaqaaqay mashiinka oo kale, ayaa baabbi'iyey laba Baaqan lugta, buul mashiinka-qori iyo post cadowga amarka. Waayo, saajin ee la soo dhaafay markii Kaforina reebtay in tuulada Kozlov. Waxa uu dib u toogtay, weli ma wada gubay taangiga.

Sidoo kale, in dab lagu dahaadhay dagaal gaadiidka shaqaalaha iyo macallin siyaasadeed Lieutenant Timerbaeva Mamontov. Taliyaha shirkadda taangiga Captain Vasilyev la dhaawacay, laakiin wuxuu sii waday inuu soo gani. Waxa uu mucjisooyin ku suurtagashay in ay hesho ka mid ah gaariga dhowr daqiiqo ka hor qaraxa. Later Vasilyev heshay horyaalka si fiican u qalantay of Hero of Midowga Soofiyeeti. Sidoo kale ku dheganaanta gaar ah oo kala duwan Army Red 28 gawaardia Brigade.

difaaca ee Moscow

Ciidamada gaashaaman ayaa kaalin muhiim ah ku leehihiin in weerar ay muhim Jarmal on Moscow. Waxay u dhaqmeen in gaadmada, janjeerta iyo difaacaan habka ugu muhiimsan ee caasimada, kor wadada ilaa ay ka imanayaan xoojiyo ah. At amarka la mid ah inta badan ma oga sida ay u la taangiyada qaban. Saamaysay kasbay iyo faham la'aan oo ka mid ah xaqiiqooyinka of technology casriga ah, halka shaqaalaha Ciidanka Cas, on lid ku ah, ku dhuftay cadowga ay geesinimada iyo adkeysiga.

Inta lagu jiro muddada kooxdan ugu hufan ku shaqeeya, kaas oo ka mid ahaa shan-demisku gaashaaman (MAF): Ilaalada 1st, 27, 28, 23 iyo 33 Haanta Brigade. Waxay gudbiyay Army 16aad oo waxay qariyeen jihada Volokolamsk. Foori on Jarmalka ayaa shubo inta badan ka gaadmada. Sheegay in dhacdadaas ka dhacay on November 16 magaalada hareeraheeda ah ee Athene. Ciidamada Soviet kor u qaaday jagooyinka daafaca tuulada. taangiyada ayaa la waayay weerarka gaadmada ah. Si dhakhso ah, cadowga isku dayay in la dhiso gacanta u cido. 80 taangiyada Jarmal u Maraga ciidamada oo ka mid ah lugta Army Red iyo guutada qoriga motoorka. In la joogo ugu muhiim ah raggii gaadmada ahaa ay ahaayeen mashiinka Soviet, taas oo dib loo soo celiyo status quo. In dagaalka waxaa la burburiyay dhamaan taangiyada Jarmal iyo laba shirkadood oo lugta.

model 1943

dagaalo Major ee 1943 waxay ahaayeen kuwo gobolka ah deel Ruush koonfurta, halkaas oo waxaa jiray baaxadda ee samaynta dagaal dhaqdhaqaaq iyo isticmaalka mass weyn oo ah mashiinada. Waxaa markaas noqday weyn taangiga Soviet T-34/76. model waxaa mar dambe soo saaray in Stalingrad. Halkii, ay wax soo saarka loo wareejiyay Omsk, Chabrovsk iyo Sverdlovsk.

By dhexe ee dagaalka dhammaaday casriyeynta kale ee T-34/76 (inkastoo yar). Waxaa shaabad leh, iyo ilaa munaaraddii kor hexagonal, gear cusub la soo bandhigay. xafiiska design kasta yaabay sida ay u kordhiyaan wax soo saarka guud ee mashiinka, iyadoo la ilaalinayo tayada ay ku shaqaynayaan. Dhab ahaantii, ka hor ee taangiga dagaalka Kursk T-34/76 ee 1943 uu ku hadhay beddelid yar oo ururka ka horeeyey, kaas oo u muuqday bilowga ah ee dagaalka.

ceebaha

Dhanka kale, in koorsada ee ay falsayeen military intii lagu guda jiray counter-weerar oo ka tirsan ciidamada Cas bilaabay si ay u muujiyaan ayna duleella u design weyn wax kala taangiga Soviet T-34/76. Its tayada ahaa xafiiltamaan Jarmalka gool wax yar ka dib guuldaradii of Wehrmacht ee Stalingrad. Reich The ogaaday in dalka haatan waa wakhtigii ay u diyaar garoobaan dagaalka mudada dheer wadarta (oo aan Blitzkrieg). Sababo la sii daraysa ee daryeelka dadka ee khayraadka ka sii galay miisaaniyadda military hoose. Waxaa jira beddelka cusub ee injineernimada Jarmal.

Hawsha aasaasiga ah ee T-34/76 waxay ahayd la'aanta ah ee dhaqaajinta ee taangiga. La'aanteed, model uu noqdo mid aad u nugul. Sababta oo ah cillad ahaa la'aanta ah ee xawaaraha of control gudbinta. Horeba T-34 ah / 76 ee tusaalaha ah in 1942 lahaa gear 4-xawaare, halka gaariga shisheeye - 5-6 xawaare. Intaa waxaa dheer, ee gearboxes Soviet kala duwan ee adag tahay. From darawalka ee loo baahan yahay wax badan oo ka mid ah xirfad iyo xoog si ay ula qabsadaan la, halka shaqaalaha taangiga Jarmal, ma aan ogayn oo ku saabsan ku haboonayn sida.

cadaawayaashiinna cusub

In diyaarinta waayo, dagaalka ugu muhiimsan ee Kursk, amarka Soviet rajaynayo in taangiyada Ruushka si ay ula qabsadaan model Jarmal cusub oo aan wax isbedel kacaan waaweyn ee ay design. Fikraddan waxa xoojiyay hubka u dusaya rasaas cusub, kaas oo u muuqday on Ciidanka Cas ee April 1943. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, by markii ugu T-34 ah / 76 waxay bilaabeen inay si joogta ah u ciyaaro ayaa labaduba waxa la soo horjeeda oo uu ugu weyn ee wejiga of the German "Panther".

Kursk dambeyntii sayrtay khayaal ah ee Kremlin. Latest "Tigers", "Ferdinand" iyo "Panthers" waxay ahaayeen wax badan ka wanaagsan yahay technology Soviet, danbayso iyaga gadaal muddo laba ama saddex sano. Waxa ay u muuqataa in farqiga waa mid laga samri. Dhab ahaantii, inta lagu guda jiro horumarka dagaal Technical ciidanka dhaliyay xawaaraha wayn, taas oo ah sababta xataa farqiga u yar ka soo horjeeda ay noqon kartaa dhimasho.

Shaqo on cayayaanka ah

Dhammaan dhibaatooyinka kor ku xusan oo ka mid ah T-34/76 waxay ahaayeen dhibaatada ugu daran for samaynta Soviet. Work on cayayaanka isla markiiba bilaabay. wax soo saarka hore ee warshad cusub sanduuqyada marsho bilaabay in Sverdlovsk. Waxaa jira cusub gear 5-xawaaraha, oo hore 4-xawaaraha casriyeeyey. wax soo saarka ayaa ku bilaabatay si aad u isticmaasho hagaagtay steel Duugga u adkaysta ah. Sidoo kale, khubaradu waxaan imtixaannay design cusub ee la isugu gudbiyo (saa'idka Updated, qaybaha gudbinta, iyo D. sidaas on.). kooxda Sverdlovsk of alifay u suurtagashay in ay rido-soo-saarka leewarka ugu weyn xajin, taas oo si weyn u fududeeyey shaqo ee darawalka.

jiifku waxay la casriyeeyay ahaa horumar kale, kuwaas oo helay taangiga ah T-34/76 updated. mashiinada sawirka ka taxane iyo muuqaalka kala duwan ma noqon karaan oo kala duwan, laakiin farqiga ugu muhiimsan ee u dhaxeeya ahaa in ay maamulka gudaha. Waxay la xoojiyay giraangiraha iyo rollers idler, isku halaynta hagaagay ee design ah, iyo D. sidaas on. Intaa waxaa dheer, taangiyada oo dhan ayaa la qabtay ah imtixaanka warshad dheeraad ah.

Back in ganacsiga

In July 1943, ayaa markii ugu horeysay bilaabay inuu saamayn horumarka dhowrkii bilood ee la soo dhaafay ayaa sameeyay taangiga a T-34/76. xaqiiqooyinka Interesting tegey caanka ah Battle of Prokhorovka. 5-tii ilaalada Haanta Army sameeyey March a ilaa haatan aan horay loo arag.

Saddex maalmood jidhka la khasaaraha ugu yar ee shaqaalaha ka dhacay oo ku saabsan 350 kiiloomitir. Waxay jeelyihiin in si lama filaan ah, waayo, Jarmalka, xeryahooda, kuwaas oo ay ku soo rogeen dagaal iyo dumiyeen weerarka Jarmalka. Oo cadaawaha ugu badiyay oo ku saabsan rubuc ka mid ah taangiyada ay.

End of hawlgalka

Dhibaato kale oo weyn oo technology ah Soviet ahaa weerar Belarus ee 1944. Horaantii halkan, iyo sidoo kale waqooyiga-galbeed Russia, muuqday on raadinta wararka Maanshaynay meelaheeda dhoobada ah gaadiidka millatariga ah. Oo ay ku jiraan dhowr jeer soo saaray taangiga kor u ah T-34/76.

In Belarus, farsamada lahaa inuu u dhaqaaqo waddooyinka ciid iyo quruurux ma aha tayada ugu fiican, ama xataa kaymaha iyo meelaheeda dhoobada. Xaaladdan oo kale, markii dayactirka u baahnaydeen. Inkastoo ay adag tahay gudbinta cusub T 34/76 rumoobay hawsha ay qabanayaan iyo hor joogsaday safar 1000 km (50-70 kilomitir maalin kasta).

hawlgalka Byelocountryn dib markii model this ugu dambayntii u dhiibay si ay wax ka beddelid soo socota 85 daqiiqo. The T-34/76 taangiga nool ee la soo dhaafay waxaa laga helay hoose ee webiga Don ee gobolka Voronezh ah. Waxaa keenay dusha sare ee July 2016. helo ayaa la soo bandhigay doonaa in matxafka.