Sidee Internet ah. A yar oo taariikh

Mid kasta oo inaga mid ah ugu yaraan hal mar, halka reading e-mail ama by baranayay natiijada weydiinta search soo socda, waan la yaabay sida Internet ahaa. Indeed, in ay ahayd bilowgii of this nidaamka weyn in uusan haysan ciidan gaar ah maanta.

Like farsamooyinka kale oo badan iyo waxay Been Abuuran, Internet ka oo uurkii xarumaha ciidamada soo baxay, kuwaas oo - Pentagon. Si loo hubiyo caafimaadka ee kombiyuutarada haddii ay dhacdo dagaal nuclear ama iska horimaad kale oo ciidan, waxaa lagama maarmaan ahayd in la horumariyo nidaam cusub. Si aad u dhammayn hawshan ee dabayaaqadii 50-mada ay qarnigii la soo dhaafay waxaa la aasaasay DAPRA - Hay'adda qorshaynta muddada-dheer ee cilmi-baarista iyo horumarinta (Difaaca Advanced Hay'adda Mashaariicda Research). Waxay ahayd bilowgii waxaa entwine "web".

Waxbarashada publications kala duwan oo ku saabsan sida Internet ahaa adag tahay in la siiyo jawaab qeexan, in laga yaabaa in bilowga dhabta ah. Ku bilow horumar akhriska? Bilow shaqada on saareen xidhiidh ugu horeysay cable? The-fadhigiisa ugu horreeya guul?

Sanado badan ka hor inta Internet ahaa ay ku samaynaso caadiga ah, horumarsan fikradda ah gudbinta macluumaadka via network kale ama Beddelashada baakadda. In 60 sano ee qarnigii 20aad, dhowr saynisyahano, ka madax banaan kasta oo kale, waa fikradda ah shabakadaha qaybiyey. iyaga ka mid ah: Dzhozef Maraykanka Liklayder iyo Paul Baran (kadis ah, Yukreeniyaan u dhashay), an England Donald Davis. Licklider sannaddii th 61 daabacay qoraalo, uu yeesho fikradda ah shabakad caalami ah, kaas oo u oggolaan doona in qof walba in ay helaan macluumaad ku saabsan ku dhowaad kombiyuutar kasta. Baran barayaa fikradda ah "xirmo", iyo Davis ka hadlay baahida loo qabo in nidaamka qanjidhada, ma gudbiyaan oo kaliya, laakiin sidoo kale iibsiga ee macluumaadka.

Bilowgii safar dheer

In 1969, isku day the first to jaray computer 4 2 jaamacadaha keentay waxaa soo saaray (3 iyaga ka mid ah waxaa iska lahaa UC, iyo 1 - Stanford), u dhaxeyso in ka badan shan boqol oo kiilomitir. The ugu horeysay ee guul fadhiga xogta u dhexeeya 2 combiyuutarka ee October. 10/29/1969 22:30 - Waa la tirooyinkan, taariikhda shabakada Internet ayaa bilaabay.

At shaqada hordhac ah ayaa lagu soo qaatay $ 1 million .. Diyaarinta qalab loogu bilaabo mashruuc cusub oo lagu magacaabo APRANET, marka laga reebo ugu leh shuqulka saareen cable u dhexeeya magaalooyinka lug leh shirkadda BNN. Mid ka mid ah shaqaalaha shirkadda waxaas yidhi, "Anigu garan maayo kan weligiis aad u baahan tahay waxaa laga yaabaa in network noocan oo kale ah."

Iyada oo dhererka waqtiga ee APRAnet shubay kombiyuutarada machadyada kale ee cilmi-baarista iyo jaamacadaha of America. Marka marxaladdan, waa dhibaato gudeed arrin macquul ah iyo software "aaddanayn", kaas oo ka dhigay wax aan macquul ahayn si ay u gudbiyaan macluumaadka. Meelaan A la mid ah ayaa daruuri abuurista nidaam xog midaysan. Sidaas darteed, horumarinta bixiyaan set midaysan ee xeerarka gudbinta xogta, helay magaca maamuuska. Waxaa noqday ciyaaryahankii ugu horeeyay ee taariikhda IP (Internet Protocol). Inkastoo dhabtii weyn ee gudbinta macluumaadka, waxaa lagama badin tacaluqa maanta. Sida nooc ka mid ah xakamaysada badbaadiyo xogta lagu kaydiyaa gudbinta, horumariyo TCP ah (Gudbinta Control Protocol).

Magaca caadiga ah "Internet" network oo dhan ka helay sanadkii 1974. Kooxda difaacaneysa muddo reer patent waa Americans Vinton Cerf iyo Bob Kahn.

Laga soo bilaabo in online muuqday, in ka badan kala bar ka yar qarnigii, laakiin waxa ay si qoto dheer waa nolosha Aadanaha oo casri ah, in badan waxa uu noqday meesha kaliya ee aqoonta iyo macluumaadka. Waxaad ku doodi karaa weligiis ah oo ku saabsan faa'iidooyinka ama dhibaato, laakiin haddii aad akhridaan, ka dibna aad tahay on shabakadda.