Sculptor Donatello: Biography, shuqullada, sawiro

Donatello - waa sculptor Talyaani ah, wakiil ka socda xilligii hore Renaissance ah, dugsiga Fiorentine. About naftiisa iyo shaqada looga hadli doonaa in this article. Biography ah qoraaga lama yaqaan si faahfaahsan, sidaa darteed waxaa suurtagal ah in ay soo bandhigaan si kooban oo kaliya.

warbixin kooban oo ku saabsan taariikh nololeedkooda sculptor ku Donatello

sculptor The mustaqbalka Donatello ku dhashay Florence ee 1386, oo ahaa ina Nikollo Di Betto Bardi - carder dhogor hodan. Wuxuu bartay sannadihii la soo 1403-1407-isweydaarsiga ee nin la odhan jiray Lorenzo Ghiberti. Waxaa uu bartay, gaar ahaan, farsamada ee loo shubay naxaas ah. On shuqulka sculptor la mid aad u saameeyay yaqaano nin weyn kale - Filippo Brunelleschi. Ghiberti iyo Brunelleschi hadhay saaxiibo nolosha saaxir dhow.

Dzhordzho Vazari sheegay in sculptor ku Donatello ahaa nin aad u deeqsi ah, aad u edeb leh, loola dhaqmo saaxiibo aad u wanaagsan, marnaba ma uusan muhiimad lacag. Xertiisii iyo saaxiibada la geeyay isaga oo ka badan intii ay u baahnaayeen.

muddada hore ee hal-abuurka

Waxqabadka of sculptor this in muddada hore, in 1410s, ayaa la xiriira amar degmada, taas oo uu bixiyo in ay qurxiyaan dhismayaasha dadweynaha kala duwan ee Florence. Ama dhismaha of San Michele (dhayal) qabata taalada Donatello ah St. George (muddada u dhaxaysa 1415 ilaa 1417) iyo St. Mark (1411 in 1413). 1415 In, uu dhameystiray taalada ee St. Ioanna Evangelista, qurxin Florence Cathedral.

Guddiga Dhismaha sannaddii isku mid ah decoration ee Campanile ku baray ay u fuliyaan taalada nebiyadii Donatello. In ka badan kii saaxir abuurka buu shaqeeyey muddo ku dhow labaatan sano (1416 ka 1435 on). Shan tirooyinka ku jira Museum Cathedral ee. "David" taalada iyo nebiyada (oo ku saabsan 1430-1432 sano) weli inta badan la xidhiidha dhaqanka markaas dabayaaqadii Gothic. Jeediya madaxtooyada laxanka tiradaasi hoos timaada, wejigaaga dhammaataan isku loola dhaqmo iyo jirka daboolay dharka culus. Laakiin xataa in curiyay, kuwaas oo uu isku dayayo in uu u gudbiyo horyaal cusub oo isagoo da '- shakhsiyadda geesinimada shaqsi - Donatello. shuqullada Sculptor abuuray noocyo kala duwan oo mawduucyo, kaas oo muujiyey fiican this. Tani waxay gaar ahaan dareemi isgaarsiinta image ah. Mark (1412) St. George (1415), iyo sidoo kale Xabaquuq, iyo Yeremyaah (sano abuurka - 1423-1426). Tartiib tartiib foomamka caddaatay, noqon Muga muhiim, sida sawirka bedelay caadiga ah wejiga, iyo laalaabka dhar u huwiyo jidhka si dabiici ah, oo ay dhaqdhaqaaqa labaad iyo laabaya.

John XXIII Qabriga

Sculptor Donatello wada abuuraa la xabaashii Michelozzo of John XXIII in muddada u dhaxaysa 1425 si ay u 1427. Waxa uu noqday tusaale a classic ee in la isticmaalo xabaalaha ka dib tirsan Renaissance ah. iskaashiga muddada dheer ee u dhexeeya labada sculptors bilaabmaa shaqo this.

tirooyinka saarayay in naxaas

Donatello ee hore ee 1420, waxaa loola jeedaa in qalcado lagu dumiyo tirooyinka naxaas ah. In wax this, uu shaqo ugu horeysay - taalada ah Louis ee Toulouse, taas oo la amray isaga ugu 1422 si ay u qurxiyaan Misbaax ee Or San Michele. Tani waa mid ka mid ah taxadiri ugu cajiibsan, kaas oo ka tarjumaya fahamka xurmada ee feat shakhsi ahaaneed, waxaa adkaaday in Renaissance ah.

Taallada David

peak ee hal-abuurka ee sayidkiisa this ee farshaxanka naxaas yahay taalada of David, abuuray agagaarka 1430-1432 sano. Waxaa loogu talagalay, in la barbardhigo farshaxan ah Dr Makumbe safar ku wareegsan. hal-abuurnimo kale ahaa theme ee wanaan, kaas oo looga hadli Donatello. Sculptor David taswiiran qaawanaayeen, ma khamiisyo, sida caadadii ka hor, markii ugu horeysay tan iyo qarniyadii dhexe sida xaqiiqda iyo sida baaxadda weyn oo.

shuqullo kale by Donatello, la xiriira 1410-th ka - bilowga ah ee 1420 ee - tiradaasi libaax ka sandstone xardhay - Astaanta ee Florence, crucifix alwaax for kiniisadda Santa Croce, reliquary naxaas ah kaniisadda Ognissanti ah, taallo naxaas ah, oo ku yaalla Museum Qaranka ee Florence ka yar loo yaqaan "Amorin Attis," taas oo ah, sida muuqata, image ah oo ka mid ah kuway ilaahyaal hore ee bacriminta Priapus.

shuqullada ee farsamo ee gargaarka

tijaabo ee Farsamada ee gargaarka ee Donatello sidoo kale wuxuu ahaa kacaan. baaris ee image macquul ah sculptor boos illusionary keenaysaa in abuurista dhiismeedka ku simay, kuna waari dhexdeeda qoto aragti ah waxaa lagu sameeyaa adigoo isticmaalaya mugagga Fadilid. Wanaajisaa dhalanteed ah aan ollogga ah ee isticmaalka hababka muuqaal toos ah. "Sawirda" faas, sculptor loo ekaysiiyaa qoraaga ah farshaxankiisa fanaan ee. Waa in halkan lagu xusay shuqullada sida "Battle of The George iyo Dragon ah", "Pazzi Madonna", "Ciidda Herodos", "loosoo of Mary" iyo kuwa kale. background Architectural ku yimid qaab picturesque ee saaxir ayaa lagu muujiyay, iyadoo la isticmaalayo xeerarka muuqaal toos ah. Waxa uu ahaa awoodaan in ay ka dhigi dhowr aag aan ollogga taas oo characters yihiin.

Safarka A si ay u Rome, muddada Fiorentine labaad

Sculptor Donatello in muddo ah ka soo August 1432 si 1433rd May oo ku yaalla Rome. Halkan isaga iyo Brunelleschi obmeryaet taxadiri magaalada, sahaminta farshaxan qadiimiga. Dadka deegaanka, sida ay legend, tixgeliyaa laba saaxiibo ah ugaarsadaha. dareenkaa Roman ayaa ka muuqataa in shuqullada sida Asheeraah qaybiyay for Capella del Sacramento wakiishay Eugene IV (Pope), "Annunciation" (haddii kale -. allabariga Cavalcanti, arki photos hoose) heesaha grandstand of a golayaasha Fiorentine iyo dibadda Dept., usameeyay Cathedral ee Prato (time of abuurka - 1434-1438 sano).

Donatello gaaro classicism dhab ah ee gargaarka ee "The Iiddii Herodos", abuureen uu safar ku joogay magaalada Rome soo laabtay.

Qiyaastii 1440 sculptor ku abuurtaa albaabbada naxaasta ahayd, iyo siddeed medallions for Florence Old Sacristy of San Lorenzo (muddada u dhaxaysa 1435 ilaa 1443). The reliefs qotontay qaabeeyey afar ah ayaa lagu gaarey xorriyadda la yaab leh in ay gudaha image, dhismayaasha iyo dadka tirooyinka.

muddo Padua

Donatello loo soo diray in 1443 ee Padua. Halkan bilaabaa marxaladda xigta ee uu shaqada. Waxaa qabata taalada farda fuul ah Erasmo de Narni (Gattamelata taallo). Donatello iyada tuuray ee 1447, oo la aasaasay shaqada wax yar ka dib wuxuu ahaa - in 1453-kii. Way u adeegay sidii taallo in Marcus Aurelius. Isticmaalka dadab taas oo samaysa seef iyo ushii Gattamelata (Erasmo naanaystiisa), iyo jagooyinka gacanta tirooyinka midaysan faraska iyo kan fuushanba in sculptor gabal dushana Donatello ah. Farshaxan abuuray in muddo this, dhab ahaantii weyn. Ka sokow kor ku xusan waxa ay u qabata chancel isgaarsiinta. Antoniya Paduanskogo, iyo sidoo kale afar gargaar muujinayay in goobaha uu nolosha, taas oo ah waxaa loo arkaa saaray munaaraddii ee abuurka ah ee sayidkiisa this in dhul picturesque ka.

Xataa marka mooshin la joogo Donatello muujinaysaa isgaarsiinta sida laba Sidaana. Ioanna Krestitelya ee Florence (ee Casa Martelli waxaan V Fiorentina), waa xadidan oo ay ku ugu muxaafidka ah. In labada kiisaska ku qabanaya. John wakiil socda, iyo suulka kasta ee la soo dhaafay waxaa ku lug lahaa dhaqdhaqaaqa this. Nature ayaa laga soo saaray qarsoodiga cusub.

Muuqaalka ee kala duwan ee xirfadda Donatello ka kooban yahay in xaqiiqda ah in sculptor ku taswiiran leh xirfad la mid ah iyo tamarta, xoog, looks wanaagsan oo nimco. Sidaas daraaddeed, tusaale ahaan, xardhay in 1434 balakoonka marmar Bas-gargaarka magaalada cathedral of Prato ka gaysteen Sweden bar-qaawan oo carruurta ka ciyaari alaabtii muusikada iyo qoob la ubaxyo of ubax. Aad iyo Dayn dhaqdhaqaaqa, cayaar oo kala duwan. Waxaa la mid ah in la xuso karo oo kale Bas-reliefs in marmar ah, u sameeyey Florence Cathedral.

Donatello sannadihii ugu danbeeyay, raadinta ee Padua shaqo yar. Sida muuqata, wuxuu ahaa si xun u xanuunsan. back in 1453 in Florence Sculptor iyo sii wadaan in ay halkaasi ku nool ilaa dhimashadiisii (ee 1466), marka laga reebo safar gaaban ee 1457 si ay Siena.

muddo Fiorentine ka daahay

Su'aalo badan waa shaqada ugu dambaysay ee Donatello. Sculptor in shuqullada dabayaaqadii abuurin shaqo xiiso aad u badan. Mararka qaarkood hadalka ku saabsan marakay dhacdey uu xirfad, iyo soo celinta qaar ka mid ah farsamooyinka Gothic. Farshaxan by Donatello in muddada u dhaxaysa 1450 ee 1460 ee hore wakiil taallo Marii Magdaliny (1455, photo cm Hoos.), Qori ah, koox ka mid ah "Judith iyo Holofernes", taalada ah Ioanna Krestitelya, reliefs on theme Qiyaame iyo Xaraaradda Masiixa dhigay laba kursi kiniisadda of San Lorenzo. Hawlahaas, heysatay theme naxdinta in uu yeesho Donatello. Sculptor qabtay by naturalism, oo xuduud on ruuxi ah dillaac. Tiro ka mid ah darey ayaa dhameystirtay dhimashada ardayda sayidkiisii ka dib - Bertoldo iyo Bellagio.

Sculptor dhintay 1466. Oo waxaa lagu aasay kaniisadda of San Lorenzo, taas oo loo qurxiyey shuqulkiisa, sharaf weyn. Sayidka soo gabagabeeyay mustaqbalkiisa ciyaareed ku Donatello. Sculptor, Biography iyo buray ayaa lagu soo bandhigay in this article, ayaa door caan ah naqshadaha dunida. Fiiro gaar ah waxa ay ahayd.

Qiimaha shuqullada sayidkiisa this

Donatello ahaa xubin muhiim ah in taariikhda Renaissance farshaxan. Waxa uu ahaa kii ugu horeeyay ee si nidaamsan bartaan hab ay dhaqdhaqaaqa jirka aadanaha, ayuu taswiiran talaabo mass adag bilaabay inuu u fasiro dharka ay sabab u tahay jidhka oo caag ah iyo dhaqdhaqaaqa, dhigay hawsha ay u muujiyaan sawirka shakhsi ee farshaxan, dhowaadeen inay nolosha maskaxda jilayaasha kala qaado dareenka. Waxa uu la sugay shubay naxaasta ahayd oo badidood ilaa marmar ah. gargaarka Trehplanny, uu horumariyo, waxay leeyihiin horumarinta dheeraad ah farshaxan iyo rinjiyeynta.