Ruush, farmashiyaha Soviet Nina Andreeva: Biography, daahfurtay, guulaha iyo xaqiiqooyinka oo xiiso leh

Waxaan ognahay wax badan oo ka mid ah Professor iyo cilmi, kuwaas oo markii dambe u noqday madaxda siyaasadeed? Maalmahan qof ayaa inta badan siyaasiyiinta waxbarasho gaar ah, ama madaxda sare ee shirkadaha waaweyn. Laakiin sannadihii perestroika, wax ay ahaayeen xoogaa kala duwan. Kuwa abuuray xisbiga, wuxuu lahaa hal gool - in la keeno fikrado ay ku walacay, oo raba nolol wanaagsan, waayo, dadka. Waxay mana ay ka daba goolka in ay la wareegaan meel "at berkeddii." Mid ka mid ah muwaadiniinta u fudud kuwa doonaya in ay ka dhigi adduunka ka fiican, wuxuu noqday macalin ka mid ah Machadka Cilmi-baarista ee USSR ah - Nina.

statements kooban

Andreeva Nina Aleksandrovna - farmashiyaha Ruush iyo siyaasi Soviet iyo Russia oo casri ah. In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in dadweynaha aan mar walba u gartay wanaagsan, naagtuna waxay ahayd inay awoodaan inay saamayn koorsada taariikhda. Its naag caan 78-sano jir ah uu helay ka dib markii la daabaco ee maqaalka (article Andreeva) "Ma u gaysan kartaa on mabaadi'da." Eedaha qaar ayaa waxay aaminsan yihiin in text tani waxay noqon kartaa mid ka mid ah sababaha Midowga Soofiyeeti burburay. Laakiin dhab ahaantii waa? Aynu baaraan.

Biography: Nina Andreeva

October 12, 1938 in Leningrad (USSR) waxa uu ku dhashay gabar, Nina. Aabaheed waxa uu shaqaalaha dekedda fudud. Isagu wuxuu u dhintay hore inta lagu guda jiro dagaalkii labaad ee adduunka.

Nina Andreeva uu waxbarashada hooyadiis, kuwaas oo ahaa makaanik u shaqeeya ee warshad Kirov ka helay. Dagaalka qaaday farmashiyaha mustaqbalka aabbihiis ma aha oo kaliya, laakiin sidoo kale walaalkiis ka weyn, iyo walaashiis.

Tan iyo carruurnimada, Nina Andreeva jeclaaday sayniska. Waxay aad u bartay dugsiga, sidaas waxaa lagu gudoon siiyo bilad dahab ay dhamaystirka a. Lahaanshaha waxbarashada dugsiga helay, haweeney dhallinyaro ah soo galay Institute Leningrad ee Technology, doorashada qaaska ah, iyo xirfadda ee farmashiyaha. Laakiin ma aha xiiso sayniska laftiisa, oo deeq waxbarasho sare, taas oo la siiyaa tababar gaar ah. Gabadha waqtiga la kulma dhibaatooyin dhaqaale oo weyn. Takhasus haweeney da 'yar ka dib markii qalin jebinta bilaabay spetskeramikoy shaqeeya.

Nina Andreeva ka college sharaf qalin. Later, arrin guul u soo dhammaystay waxbarashada post-graduate oo helay shahaado ah cilmiga farsamada.

sano oo shaqo ah

Ka dib markii qalin-jabinta, Nina Andreeva shaqeeyay Institute Research muraayadda quartz in cilmi-post ee. ka dib, ayay baray ardayda ee kiimikada jirka ee machadka Leningrad ee Technology.

In 1966, ayay ku biiray xisbiga shuuciga ah ee Midowga Soofiyeeti, isaga qudhiisu diin laawe ah fiirsaneysa. By go'aanka maamulka Andreeva Nina Aleksandrovna hindisaha, kaas oo sayniska ayaa had iyo jeer marka hore kaalinta, iyada waxaa laga eryay shaqada. Waxay ahayd mid laga saaray xisbiga. Laakiin 1981, Nina Alexandrovna iyo soo celiyo boostada, iyo xubin ka dib markii uu maray PDAs muwaadin kormeerka (CPSU CC).

Chikin Valentin, tifatiraha wargeyska "Soviet Russia", ayaa sheegay in markii uu ku soo ururinta macluumaadka ku saabsan Andreeva ka hor inta aadan daabacin iyada article caan ah, maamulka jaamacadda in ay wariyeyaasha siiyaan sharaxaad ugu midabo ee waqtiga oo dhan-haween ka shaqeeya. Iyo Nina Andreeva bari jirtay tan iyo sanadkii 1972 ilaa 1991.

Jirrabayeen Andreeva iyo isbedelka of shaqo

Bilowga ee 1988 wargeyska "Soviet Russia" daabacday maqaal, kaas oo la qoray Nina Andreeva "Ma u gaysan kartaa on mabaadi'da." Saddex asbuuc ka dib, waxaa la qoray disavowed ah "runta" ee maqaalka "The mabaadiida Manhajkooda:. Fikirka ku kacaan oo tallaabo"

Taas ka dib, caddibaadda Andreeva. Waxaa oo dhan si dhamaaday in ninkeeda, Nina Alexandrovna soo gaaray dhowr wadne, laakiin macalinka aad "galbiyeen" meesha shaqada.

Maxaa ku xiga?

Waxaa hubaal ahayd marxalad kala guura oo adag ee nolosha Andreeva ah. Laakiin 1989, iyadu madax ka Society All-Union (Party) "Unity", Difaacay Leninism iyo hadafyada siyaasadda ee Ruush. In 1991, Andreev noqday hoggaamiyaha xisbiga "Bolshevik Platform ee CPSU ah"

Iyo dhammaadka xilliga dayrta ee isla sannadkaas, Nina noqdo madaxa ururka "All-Midowga shuuciga ee xisbiga." Laakiin sida ay noo halyeeyad, waxay marnaba u xiisooday waayo, xoog. Waxaa oo dhan ku dhacay keligeed.

Raacay by muxaadaro ka hor ardayda ee machadka in "hantiwadaagga waa jabin karin." Xaaladdan oo kale, siyaasi dumar ah, hoggaamiye weyn, ku noolaa guri shan dabaq suubban, ma dhibtaada dhibaatooyin la xiriira horumar ah ee nolol maalmeedka.

shuqullada caan ah

In isku midka ah ay hawlaha siyaasadeed waqti badan dhala Nina Andreeva in ay qoraan buugaag iyo daabacaan maqaallo:

1. ururinta A of 368 pages: "mabaadi'da Nepodarennye, ama Taariikhda A kooban perestroika", 1993.
2. "Hantiwadaagga xanta ku hadlaana waa la aqbali karin", 1992.
3. Collection of khudbado "Waayo Bolshevism in dhaqdhaqaaqa communist", 2002.
4. article caan of 2 pages - "Waxaan ma siin kartaa mabaadiida", 1988.

Maxaad ay yidhaahdaan article caanka ah?

In guga, March 13, Andreeva article waxaa la daabacay 1988, "ma waxaan u gaysan kartaa on mabaadi'da." Text warqaddii waa qaylo ka qalbiga macalinka Soviet. article ayaa cambaareeyay qalabka lagu daabacay warbaahinta, taas oo ka dib bilowgii fulinta qorshaha Manhajkooda wuxuu bilaabay inuu dhaleeceeyo hantiwadaagga iyo siyaasadda Stalin ee.

Andreev sheegay in, dabcan, sida dhammaan dadka Soviet, waxaa fikrad xun in siyaasadda hoggaamineed ee jeer USSR ah, marka waxaa jiray xasuuq, aargoosi ku qaadeen dadka (30-40s). Laakiin sida Nina tilmaamay in muhiim ma ahan in la qaybiyo, cadhadoodii at siyaasadaha ka mid ah madaxda hore oo dhan, sida loo sameeyaa warbaahinta.

Andreeva ammaanta ka buuxa Stalin ee uu warqad. Sida doodaha ilaaliya naag keenaysaa warqad been abuur ah si ay u Churchill. Macallinku wuxuu u baahan yahay inuu dib ugu laabto qiimaynta xisbiga iyo fasalka la mid ah siyaasadda Stalin ee. Sida laga soo xigtay Andreev, waxa lagu sheegay in warbaahinta waqtiga qoraal qoraalka xumeeyaan taariikhda badalay xaqiiqooyinka.

Qoraagu wuxuu sheegay in dadka ku dhaleeceeyo hantiwadaagga, waa dhaggan oo ka mid ah West iyo cosmopolitanism. Taageerayaasha "hantiwadaagga soo ridayeen" ayaa sidoo kale lagu sakhiray in ay dhaleeceyn arxan ka Andreeva ah. In hordhac ah si ay article ee loo isticmaalo xigasho Gorbachev, taas oo siyaasadda wuxuu dhigayaa in ku andacoonaya ma ma u gaysan kartaa mabaadiida Markis-Lennin.

Haddaba waa maxay?

Dhamaadkii bishii March 1988 warqad Niny Andreevoy looga hadlay kadago ee codsiga degdeg ah Mikhail Gorbachev. Kulanka , Dmitry Yazov taageeray macalinka, culays ku mudnaanta Stalin intii lagu jiray Dagaalkii ka Great Patriotic. guushii aan la sida la sheegay gaari kari lahayn hoggaamiye.

Wixii cilmi iyo taariikhyahanadu ee waqtiga muuqaalka oo ka mid ah article iyo dood ku xiga badan oo noqon kara xubno muhiim ah oo ka hakashada. Laakiin sida laga soo xigtay qoraaga (Andreeva), iyada warqad ahaa jawaab u ah qoraallada ee Prohanova Aleksandra.

ninkeeda Andreeva

Ka dib markii qalin-jabinta, Nina Andreeva guursaday macallin ee gobolka isla taas oo ay ka shaqeeyeen. Biography iyo aragti ku saabsan nolosha ee isqaba ahaayeen kuwo aad u la mid ah.

dhashay VI Klyushin January 23, 1926. dugsiga sare ka dib markii uu soo galay dugsiga duulaya Leningrad ee. Inta lagu guda jiro hareeraynta magaalada shaqeeyay lathe warshad dhufays ah. In 1943 Klyushin u baxay inuu ka hor, halkaas oo uu ka ahaa shirkad hogaamiyaha caroortay Komsomol. Waxa uu si xun ugu dhaawacmay 1944 oo dagaalka ku jira loogu talogalay Leningrad. Ka dib markii nin isbitaalka shaqeeyay Tomsk Artillery School koowaad, ka dibna wuxuu noqday taliyaha Batalyankii ah ee toogashada. Waxaan lahaa wax badan oo abaalmarino iyo bilado difaaca ee dalka.

Kadib markii uu dhamaystay tababarka ciidanka ee Klushin galay State Leningrad ee Jaamacadda. Zhdanov, Kuliyadda Philosophy. Ka dib markii la helo shahaado ka, dugsiga sare ka dib markii uu u tegey in ay ka shaqeeyaan ee Institute of Technology Kiimikada. In 1971 wuxuu difaacay sida uu u doctorate oo noqday professor ah.

Klyushin Andreeva iyo wada noolaa nolol dheer. Bishii Oktoobar 1996, nin dhintay. On gobolka oo uu caafimaad by walwalka dabayaaqadii 80-mada, marka dhinaca xaaskiisa iyo dhamaan xubnaha qoyska loola cararay ka aflagaada meel kasta uncomplimentary saameeyeen. Si kastaba ha ahaatee xaaskaaga Andreeva had iyo jeer ku faani naagtiisa, waxay ahayd iyada oo taageero iyo taageero ah ee inta kale ee maalmood uu.

Ruush (Soviet) farmashiyaha Nina Andreeva ka qayb qaatay taariikhda perestroika oo weli ku jira xasuusta dad badan. carruurta qoraal Her bartaan casharada taariikhda dugsiga. Intaa waxaa dheer, farmashiyaha si fiican loo og iyo macallinka ka qayb qaatay in uu shaqada sayniska. Laakiin in inta badan ee dhalinyarada maanta iska joogi doonaa "awow hooyo-Ninulkoy", mar yeedho carruurta iyada, qof dumar ah oo ahaa in ay iska caabin nidaamka, difaacaneysa aragtidooda siyaasadeed iyo booska sokeeye awoodaan.