Qoraa Faransiis Anri Barbyus: Biography, hal-abuurka iyo xaqiiqooyinka oo xiiso leh

Mid ka mid ah ugu caansan qorayaasha Faransiis ee bilowgii qarnigii XX - Anri Barbyus. buugaagta Best ayayan isaga sida Boodhkan anti-dagaal, Col pacifist rabshadaha nooc kasta. Wuxuu ka mid ahaa marka hore si ay ugu macquul ah oo naturalistic tilmaamay jahli dagaalkii koowaad ee aduunka noqday.

tallaabooyinka u horeeya ee

Anri Barbyus waxa uu ku dhashay 1873 in agagaarkeedii waqooyi-galbeed ee Paris, oo ah magaalo yar oo ku Asnieres-Suur-reebin, ka dib markii kacaanka, oo wuxuu noqday mid aad loo jecel yahay la soo galootiga Ruushka.

Waxa uu ku dhashay ee qoyska ee caalamiga ah Faransiis iyo Ingiriisi. Aabbihiis sidoo kale wuxuu ahaa qoraa, ma aha la yaab leh in uu ina soo galay iyo si guul ah ka Kuliyadda ee Suugaanta ee Sorbonne ka qalin jabiyay. Barbyusa talaabooyinka u horeeya ee suugaanta ahaa a collection of gabayo, "Wailers The", lagu daabacay 1895. Just sida dhawr sano ka dib ku qoran Science "Jahannamo" iyo "ka baryaya" wax soo saarka sawir isagoo maragyo. In this aad loo jecel yahay, iyagu ma ay isticmaali.

hore,

In 1914, nolosha Anri Barbyusa ayaa u xuub bedelay. Waxa uu si iskeed ah si ay u tagaan hore inay la diriraan reer Germany. In 1915, waxaa isaga loo dhaawacay iyo reserve ah sababo caafimaad. Waayo, qaybgalka colaad lagu abaalmariyey Cross Military ah, laakiin waxa ugu muhiimsan in uu ka soo hor keenay - waa dareenka shakhsiga iyo waaya-aragnimo la aasaasay aasaas u ah uu "dab" kitaabka ugu ah Xayawaanka.

Ujeedadu shaqada this muuqday on hore, ee u dhexeeya dagaal. isaga ku saabsan ayaa sheegay in Barbusse in warqado uu la joogayaa naagtiisa. Leexo fikradaha dhaqan bilaabay in isbitaalka dhamaadka 1915. Buuggu wuxuu ahaa mid aad ugu dhakhsaha badan ku dhameysatay ee 16-kii August ayaa hore u bilaabeen in ay la daabacay wargeyska "-abuurka." edition A gaar ah oo shaqada lagu daabacay bartamihii bishii December ee isla sannadkaas guriga soo bandhiga "Flammarion". Waxaa sidoo kale la siiyey abaalmarinta ah Prix Goncourt Henri Barbusse - abaalmarinta suugaaneed Faransiis ah ugu qiimaha badan.

"Fire" - ugu weyn Roman Barbyusa

Cutubkii ugu horeeyay ee alaabta novel waxaa la barbar ah "Ilaahnimadu Comedy" by Dante, kaas oo siiya buugga dabeecad gabay. Heroes "Fire," sida haddii israac oo Samada ka yimid in wareegga ugu dambeeya ee Jahannamo. Xaaladdan oo kale, qoraal diimeed baaba'aan, iyo dagaalkii gumeystaha u muuqataa ka xun ugu Been Abuuran ugu fantastic ah qoraa kasta. Buuga "The Last ay runta arxan", sababta oo ah sheeko Barbusse ee Hordhac ah nuqulka kowaad Ruush ah Maxim Gorky qoray.

Bidhaaminaya jilayaasha aragti hore u muuqdaan in ay "Vision" cutubka ugu horeysay. Waxaa sheekada ee ah "janno" dunida ee buuraha Swiss. Waxaa jira dagaal dambena ma jirin, oo dadka halkaa ku nool, wakiillo ka quruumaha kala duwan u imid in ay fahmaan wax matare, naxdin dagaalka.

gunaanaday isla yimaadaan oo ay characters weyn ee novel ah - askartii. In cutubka ugu dambeeya, "Dawn" waxay toosin. Biography Barbyusa Anri waa si dhow la xiriira dhacdooyinka ku tilmaamay ka sheekaysay. Fariintiisa ugu weyn - ka imanayaan lama huraan ah tacsida in ay fikrado kacaan. Hannaan The waayo, taasu waa ka qaybgalka ku dhowaad dhammaan wadamada Yurub ee dagaalka gumeystaha.

novel waxaa ku qoran foomka of "qorka ee Batalyankii ah." Tani waxay u ogolaaneysaa qoraaga si ay u sameeyaan sheekada sidii macquul ah intii suurtogal ah, ka dib markii jilayaasha, akhristaha markaas waa dab on line hore, ee dhulka miyiga ah, ee qarada waaweyn oo dagaalka ku jira, marka Batalyankii tagaa on weerarka.

Barbus iyo Kacaanka Oktoobar

October Revolution ee Russia Anri Barbyus qaaday sida ay dhacdo muhiim u ah Taariikhda dunida, si firfircoon u taageeraya. In fekerkiisa, waxaa u ogolaan lahaa oo dhan quruumaha Yurub ka harqoodka of shuuciyad sii daayay.

Siyaabo badan, fikrado kuwanuna waxay ka muuqataa sheeko "Hufnaan" ee 1919. Waxaa dhiirigelintiisa lahaa kacaanka hantiwadaagga ee Russia, xubin ka mid ah Faransiis shuuciga xisbiga uu noqdo Anri Barbyus. Quotes qoraaga, u huray in dhacdooyinkii sano kuwa, waxay ku andacoodaan in "dunida - waa nabadda ee maskaxda, ka timi shaqada." Sayidka, qoraaga dhab ahaantii aaminsan yahay in shaqada adag faa'iido u ah bulshada, dadka gaari karo farxad in dal kasta.

Tan iyo Anri Barbyus keentay nolosha bulshada iyo siyaasadda firfircoon. Gaar ahaan, in 1924, wuxuu ka hadlay kana soo horjeestay Madaxda cadaadis kacdoonkii Tatarbunar in Romania. Markaasuu bilaabay kacdoonkii hubaysan ridayeen ee South Bassarabii ka dhanka ah xukuumadda, oo ay taageerayaan xisbiga Bolshevik ah.

naqdin shuuciyad

Books by Barbyusa Anri, liiska oo dhamaystir u novel ah "Light yaamayska", "Bayaanka of Indheergaradka ah", oo lagu daabacay France ee 20 jirka ah, ka go'an in ay dhaleeceyn fiiqan of shuuciyad. Qoraagu wuxuu sidoo kale ma aqoonsana ilbaxnimada ganacsade ah, isagoo sheegay kaliya on xaqiiqada ah in koorsada ee dhismaha hantiwadaagga ee dalka waxaa suurtagal ah in la dhiso bulsho cadaalad iyo xaq ah. Tusaale ahaan Barbusse qaatay dhacdooyinka ka dhacay Midowga Soofiyeeti, gaar ahaan tallaabooyinka ay tahay in laga qaado Iosifom Stalinym. In 1930 wuxuu xataa ka tagay essay "Ruush", iyo 5 sano kadib, uu dhintay, shuqulka ka dib "Stalin." Hawlahaas, oo kaliya fikrado ka mid ah ayaa lagu faahfaahiyey. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, in kitaabkii hooyo hantiwadaagga ay ugu dhaqsaha badan la mamnuucay, sida characters badan waxa loo soo gudbinayaa iyaga by time in la cadaadiyo.

"Stalin - ka Lenin ee maanta" - aphorism ah in la qoray by Barbusse.

Barbus in USSR

The Soviet Union Barbusse booqday 4 jeer, markii ugu horeysay 1927. September 20 qoraaga horusocod Faransiis sameeyey Hall of Xidhmooyinka qoton ee Moscow, iyadoo warbixinta "White cabsi iyo khatarta ah ee dagaalka." Isla sanadkaas ayuu safarka oo dhan ku dul dhiso dawlad hantiwadaag sameeyey, booqday Kharkov, Tbilisi, Batumi, Rostov-on-Don iyo Baku.

In 1932, Barbusse yimaadaan si ay Midowga Soofiyeeti hore u sida mid ka mid ah qabanqaabiyeyaasha oo ka mid ah anti-dagaalka caalamiga ah Congress, lagu qabtay August ee Amsterdam. waxaa On, wuxuu u dhiibay uu hadalka caan "Waxaan ashtakeeyaan".

Uu booqashada xigta beegantay doorashada xubin sharafeed ee Academy USSR ee Sciences. Ka dib markii in la uuraysatay, oo shaqada bilaabay on buug ku saabsan Stalin. In July 1935, Barbusse la soo dhaafay booqday Moscow, si firfircoon uga soo shaqeeyay on buugga, bartay dukumentiyada, kulan uu la yeeshay saaxiibo ah iyo saaxiibada Lenin. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, si ay u dhamaystiraan shaqada iyo guuldareystay.

Barbus si lama filaan ah u dhacay xanuunsan pneumonia iyo ku dhintay Moscow on August 30, 1935. 3 maalmood ka dib, jirka la fuliyay in France saldhiga tareenka Belarus ah, kulan sagootin ah.

Qoraaga waxaa lagu aasay Paris ee caanka ah qabuuraha Pere Lachaise on 7 September. Madaxweynaha oo sagootiyey Barbousse galay bannaanbax siyaasadeed ee Popular United Front jeestay.