Pavlovsk Museum-Reserve: jiidashada, sawiro

Tani waa mid ka mid ah agagaarkeedii madaxtooyada ugu caansan ka mid ah caasimada waqooyiga. Sanad walba kumanaan kun oo dalxiisayaal u yimid inuu Pavlovsk. Museum-Reserve magaalada Pavlovsk jiidata isku wadanka yihiin ma aha oo kaliya, laakiin sidoo kale martida dibadda ka. Oo aan sabab la'aan, waxaa jira wax ay u arkaan.

The State Museum-Reserve Pavlovsk (Russia): Taariikhda

dejinta ugu horeysay ee dalalkan oo u muuqday in bartamihii qarnigii XIII ah. Waxa ay ahayd "Town on Slavyanka" a qalcaddayda. In qarnigii XVIII waxaa ka joogay tuulada Finnish Seppel iyo Lynn. Empress Catherine weyn, booqashada ku dhow Tsarskoye Selo, waxay u yimaadeen inay halkan u ugaadhsadaan. Waayo meelood iyada laba guryo alwaax la dhisay magacyada qalaad - Krak iyo Crick. mid ka mid hore u gubay hoos inta lagu jiro dagaalkii labaad ee dunida, iyadoo magaalada ah heystey Jarmalka, iyo tan labaad oo ay sabab u tahay dilapidation waxaa kala dhantaashay 1929.

Pavel Petrovich iyo xaaskiisa Maria Feodorovna ka dib dhalashada cunugoodii ugu horeeyay - - mustaqbalka Ruush Emperor Alexander I. In December 1777 Catherine II dalka (362 acres) iyo tuulooyinkoodii oo dhan iyo dadkii ina siiyey

Sannad ka dib (ee 1778) waxaa la dhisay laba size halkii suubban ee madaxtooyada - Paullust iyo Mariental. Inta badan dambe goobta waxaa la dhisay Paullust Pavlovsk Palace, meel Mariental qaaday BIP Fortress.

Paul ee 1786dii bilaabay inuu wax dhiso Palace Pavlovsk ah. author Project ahaa Charles Cameron. In dayrta ee 1796 , Bawlosna waan la hadlay xaaladda tuulada magaalada. In 1788, ee Emperor, kaasoo markii hore inta badan ku jirtay Gatchina, siiyey estate ee Maria Feodorovna - naagtiisa.

In 1801, ka dib dhimashadii gooyo ee, Maria Feodorovna ku noolaa taagan madaxtooyada xilli diiran. Labada madaxtooyada iyo park dhawraa geesood badan oo la xidhiidha magaceeda. Tusaale ahaan, beerta ama taambuuggiisa pink cajiib ah oo ka go'ay. Ka hor inta dagaal ee 1812 Taliyaha ciidamada magaalada waxa uu noqday halyeeyga Petr Ivanovich Bagration.

dhimashada Maria Feodorovna (1828) Ka dib markii Pavlovsk noqday hantida u ahaa reer Grand Duke Mikhail Pavlovich, walaalkiis ah Nicholas I. Wakhtigan, Pavlovsk si firfircoon dhisay iyo qalabaysan Raaxada casriga ah: quarter Eleninskaya la dhisay, by dugsiga Alexander ee ay carruurtu ku bartaan iyo dabaqadda dhexe ee baayacmushtariyaasha abaabulan, iyo caruurta agoonta ah.

Dhammaadkii qarnigii XIX ah, magaalada Pavlovsk noqday xarunta dhaqanka muusikada, waxaa jiray idaacad music caan ah. In sano kuwii halkaas joogay composers inta badan badan oo caan ah iyo muusikalayda. Tan iyo waqti in, Pavlovsk loo doortay by beeralayda.

Ka dib markii 1917 kacaanka , magaalada waxaa magacooda loo baxshay in Slutsk. Sidaas awgeed waxa la odhan jiray ilaa 1944. Inta lagu jiro dagaalkii labaad ee dunida Pavlovsk heystey ciidamada Nazi. Dvorets Pavla inta lagu guda jiro dib u gurasho ee Jarmalka gubay, oo waxaa ku park lagu jiro shaqo ka jari ka badan 60,000 oo geedo. taxadiri taariikheed iyo naqshadda qiimo leh waxaa lagu halligay.

Magaca taariikhiga ah ee magaalada ku soo noqday 1944. Dagaalka ka dib waxaa la go'aamiyay in ay qarka u saaran dib u soo celinta. Waxaa socday ilaa 1973.

In 1989 Pavlovsk waxaa lagu daray Liiska Heritage UNESCO ee. Maanta, 42 ka mid ah kaydka ah ee shayga la ilaaliyo by gobolka iyo waa dhaqan iyo taxadiri taariikhiga ah. Pavlovsk - xarun dalxiis, kaas oo booqday sanad walba ay ka badan nus milyan oo qof.

Pavlovsk Palace

Museum-Reserve Pavlovsk (Russia), dalxiisayaal ah ayaa bilaabay in ay ka goo this dahab ah iyo madaxtooyada cad bartaan. Waxaa la dhisay on qararka webiga Slavyanka naqshadeeyaha ugu caansan Charles Cameron qarnigii XVIII ka. Pavlovsk Palace la arki karo meel kasta oo magaalada iyo park ee. jirka dhexe dabaq kaalinta by qubbad flat 64 rakibay on tiirarkii. galleries giraarka xiran dhismaha dhexe ee dhismaha maamulka. Kuwani waxay u sameeyaan dayrka hore isagoo qaab kabo faras.

Marka carshiga ku yimid, Bawlosna waan, Pavlovsk waxaa si rasmi ah shaaca ka qaaday dalka Imperial degenaanshaha. Dhammaadkii qarnigii XVIII ah by naqshadeeyaha ugu V. Brenna waxaa fuliyey si loo ballaariyo madaxtooyada.

Kor hay'adihii ahaayeen dabaq labaad waxaa lagu dhisay. Waxay dhisay a laba baal semicircular, kuwaas oo ku dhow xiran dayrka hore. More on mid ka mid ah dabaqa of gallery kacay giraarka. Inkastoo isbedeladan, dhismaha dhexe ee qasriga ahaa waxa ugu muhiimsan ee dejinta. Waxa uu si fiican nimco iyo size.

Features of Architecture

C. Cameron xulay Qurxinta ugu muhiimsan element columns cad. Waxay qurxiyey ah guriyo u ah dhismaha ugu weyn, waxay abuuraan a gallery dibadda cajiib ah, si ammaan ah u taageeraan Xamar. Si ay u kaabaan xubinta doorsoon hoose caleemo khafiif ah xulay frieze acanthus, oo encircles dhismaha oo dhan, iyo sidoo kale seddex ka mid ah billadda la image Ta'wiil farshaxan Bas-gargaarka, naqshadaha iyo rinjiyeynta on Aamino ugu weyn.

Cusub ee guryaha la dhisay Brenna qurxiyey moldings qotontay - taaj iyo milkiilayaasha monograms madaxtooyada. Kaliya at darafyadiisa oo baalashooda uu portals ka kooban tiirar bir aasaasay. Waxay u muuqdaan in la furo galo si dhulka dabaaldega. xal Tani compositional ogol yahay in ay xiri dhismayaasha cusub iyo wax duug hal galidoonaan ah.

madaxtooyada qarnigii XIX ah

Horseedayaashii John. Quarenghi iyo Voronihin at bilowgii qarnigii XIX oo dhamaystiran design ee tolnimo madaxtooyada. Wakhtigan, waxaa jiray balbalada marmar leh balustrades balakoonka. In 1807, P. Gonzaga daboolay mid derbi ah gallery la frescoes. Waxa ay muujinaysaa in ay dukaanka iyo dhismayaasha jaranjarada taariikhi. gallery Tani ayaa galay taariikhda naqshadaha Ruush yeedhay gallery Gonzaga. caan Carlo Rossi ee 1822 posted badan iyada maktabadda la daaqadaha cusubi asalka ah. busts faylosuufiinta ayaa waxaa la aasaasay therebetween.

park Pridvortsovy

abuurka ah ee park this gaar ah waxay bilaabeen in 1780 in magaalada la yidhaahdo Pavlovsk. Museum-Reserve maanta waa tusaale cajiib ah oo ah fanka muuqaalka. door qiimo in formation of galidoonaan Pavlovsk u ciyaaray dhise Charles Cameron. Wuxuu u abuuray in muddada u dhaxaysa 1782 in 1807 mashaariicda waxaa lagu taagay taambuug iyo giraarka ee Apollo, Grand Cascade, Tiirka "End of Aduunka". In sawiro uu sharraxay Kentavrovym park, humpback iyo Bridge Black.

Aad iyo aad kala duwan ee qalabka gelitaanka park magaalo sida Pavlovsk. Museum-Reserve (ama halkii, qayb ka mid ah beerta) ayaa hadda degan dhismaha magaalada, si uu in qeybaha sare ee wabigga ee Slavyanka ku dhowaad isku xira magaalada. qayb ay soo horjeeda fidiyaa si baadiyaha ku xeeran.

Geedaha beeray beerta, sidaa darteed Private Garden iyo baalasheeda madaxtooyada yihiin ku dhowaad aan la arki karin. view aad u qurux badan ka giraarka on madaxtooyada hareereeyey kooxaha geedaha.

beerta gaarka loo leeyahay

On oo dhan dalxiisayaasha booqanaya ku Pavlovsk Museum-Reserve dhigaysa aragti weyn. Mid ka mid ah qaybaha ugu quruxda badan ee Pavlovsk Park la arkaa inu yahay Garden Private ah. Waxay ku taalaa at Palace Pavlovsk ah, ku xiga si ay qolalka Maria Empress ku Feodorovna. waa waxaan idinku leeyahay, taas aad bay u yaqaan ubaxa, iyo waxay awooday in la ururiyo ururinta aad u weyn oo ka mid ah.

beerta gaarka loo leeyahay ee style ka mid ah beero yar Dutch oo Faransiis oo beer ku park ee. Kuwa dibadda ah si ay dhulka lama oggola, beerta ahayd meel ay ku nastaan ciidammada madaxtooyada. In dhinaca koonfureed ee beerta, on Terrace sare, waan jeclaaday shaqada Paul I.

dhirta badan oo dhif ah ayaa lagu beeray beerta. Waxay si joogto ah Bloom, mid kale ka dib. beerta uu leeyahay magac labaad - "Temple of Flora".

Gorod ee Paul I

jiidashada kale, taas oo ku faantaa Pavlovsk. Museum-Reserve ee park waa taallo la yaab leh - Gorod ee Paul I. Ma aha xabaashii gooyo. Bawlosna waan, oo waxaa lagu aasay St. Petersburg ee Peter iyo Paul Cathedral.

Waraaq uu u Empress Dowager uu ku tilmaamay "taallo" iyo in heshiiska la naqshadeeyaha ugu Carlo Visconti, oo uu ku qoran sida a "macbudka". Its magaca joogo - ka Gorod ee Paul I, ama Gorod xaaska-ka sokay. dhismahan - baad u ashtakooday by naagtiisa.

Dareenkaa of museum u furan-hawada ee

Reviews of Museum-Reserve "Pavlovsk" ah (Russia) lagu tilmaami karaa sida soo socota: oo dhan meel la yaab leh this hadlayaan dareenkaa u dhalaalaya ka safarka si ay u booqdaan. Visitors in la ogaado in, inkastoo qadarka yar ee madaxtooyada, waxa la foorariyay in ay xarrago iyo qaninimo ah decoration. Sida beerta, waxa ku jira dhammaan dadka u dareemaan aad u raaxo: dabeecadda weyn, luuqyo si fiican u labisan, ubax qurux beerta gaarka loo leeyahay dajinta.