P. I. Chaykovsky - sano ee nolosha. Years nolosha Tchaikovsky in Klin

Tchaikovsky, laga yaabee - ka composers ugu sameeyaa dunida. Uu music waxaa ciyaaray gees kasta oo adduunka. Tchaikovsky - ma ahan oo kaliya laxamiistaha a talented, wuxuu - hanad ah, taas oo qofka si guul la isku daray, iyadoo hadiyad rabbaaniga ah ee tamarta hal abuur aan baabba'ayn. Waxa ay ahayd tii laga sameeyey xaggiisa mar kale iyo mar kale la hadlo dadka. Wuxuu doorbiday in ay ka hadlaan iyaga oo ku qoran luqadda uu music dhiman. Maanta, ka dib markii in ka badan qarni ah, dad badan oo og in uu music by wadnaha. 11 operas, 3 ballets, 9 Gurtida soosaarista masrixiyada, 7 symphonies, 5 qol, 11 riwaayada, shuqulladooda iyo opuses badan orchestral - kanna waa liis aan dhamaystirnayn oo uu shuqulladiisa. aragti badan oo Tchaikovsky haystay nolol dheer. Xitaa ardayda dugsiyada music, kuwaas oo la ogaado taariikhda saxda ah ee dhalashada of laxamiistaha ugu weyn, at codsiga of macalimiinta - "gala sano oo noloshiisa Tchaikovsky", inta badan ka jawaabin 1840-1920 ama 1930. Ma jiro qof u qaadan karnaa in nolosha laxamiistaha ugu weyn oo ahaa mid gaaban. Waxa uu ku dhintay da'da 53 ka daacuunka.

Biography sanadaha hore. Legend ku saabsan asalka ah ee qoyska

The fiican laxamiistaha Ruush Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky waxa uu ku dhashay ee 1840 ee bisha May magaalada fog Ural ah Votkinsk. Aabbihiis - Ilya Petrovich ahaa injineer macdanta ah. Waxaa jira caddaymo in awoowayaasha aabbanimada muusikiiste weyn ee ku dhashay Ukraine. qoyska Tchaikovsky ee ka ab ka ab by halyeey ah oo ku saabsan asalka ah ee magacyadooda. Mid ka mid ah awowayaashiis - Kazak Emelyan - kala duwanaayeen dhegta wanaagsan music, iyo ku dayan karaan codkooda ee Shimbiraha. Marka intuu doonnidii ku jiray, ka dibna uu Keeban codkooda gulls, iyo ugu dhakhsaha badan ka dib markii markab ku orday pack oo dhan, iyo inta lagu jiro duufaan, shimbiraha, kuwaas oo ka caawiyey markabka si ammaan ah dabaalan xeebta. Waa sababta oo ah taasi Kazak Emelyan naaneesta ah "shimbir badeed The", taasi oo markii dambe u noqday magaca nooc ah.

Years nolosha Chaykovskogo Petra Ilicha: muddada hore

Qoyska uu ka Ilya Petrovich lahaa toddoba carruur ah, shan ka mid ah oo - wiilasha iyo 2 gabdhood. Tchaikovsky ku noolaa barwaaqo buuxda, maxaa yeelay, aabbihiis qoyska wuxuu ahaa nin arrin hodanka ah iyo mid ka mid ah shirkadaha ugu weyn ee steel Ruush. Isla mar ahaantaana waxa uu ahaa taageere weyn u tahay, waan joogsan tiyaatarada, jeclaaday cayaaray iyo xataa ciyaaro biibiilaha melodious. shaacbaxay AA Assier, wuxuu ahaa asalka ah ee Franco Jarmal. Waxa uu ahaa tusaale dhabta ah ee bartamihii qarnigii 19-aad naag cilmaani ah. Alexandra Andreevna, sida ninkeeda, ma ahaa jalaq u tahay. Qaar ka mid ah habeenadii ayay ciyaaray biyaano iyo gabyeen in codka raacidda u gaar ah. Marka la soo koobo, sannadaha hore ee nolosha Peter Tchaikovsky lagu qabtay jawi cibaadada music. In ay guriga, biyaano hooyaday jecel yahay marka laga reebo, sidoo kale Orchestrino. Waxa uu gacan ka gaystay diyaarinta of laxamiistaha ugu horeeyay ee koob weyn ah ku reebaya muusikada. Intaa waxaa dheer, in ay guriga inta badan in ay hoos u guurto intelligentsia hoose - Orchestrino dhegaysan, qoob ka cayaarka iyo muusikada ciyaaro. Sayidka, guriga Tchaikovsky ugu dhakhsaha badan noqday arkaa xarunta of intelligentsia Votkinsk, oo sannadaha hore ee nolosha P. Tchaikovsky oo ku daray in jawi ku lug music.

tallaabooyinka u horeeya ee

Tchaikovsky, laxamiistaha ugu markii uu dib uu carruurnimada, ayaa qirtay in xitaa aamusnaanta wuxuu maqlay muusika ah. Waxay si joogta ah ka dhawaajisay in madaxiisa. Marka ugu horeysa, waxaa u muuqday isaga u sheegtay in ay isaga soo socda, iyo waxa la welwelay yar. Sababo la xaqiiqada ah in uu ma uu karin si ay u qoraan luuq faraxa badan ee madaxiisa, wiilka jabay yimid oo wuxuu bilaabay inuu aad u qayliyo. Tani, dabcan, aad uga walaacsan waalidkiis. Little Petya bilaabay inuu ku daydo ciyaarta biyaano ku saabsan wax kasta oo siman. Marka uu "soo ciyaaray" on dusha galaaska, afuufaan farta ahaa si xoog leh in galaas ahayd la jebiyey, oo intuu gacantiisii jeestay cut ah oo qoto dheer ... Soon, waalidkiis go'aansaday inuu ku yeedhi xagga gurigii Peter macalinka on biyaano la magac funny Palchikova. Waxay ahayd Serf ah oo hore, iyo is-baray. Wiil uu ahaa ugu dhakhsaha badan ay awoodaan in ay la qabsadaan la macallinkiisa oo noqday Iduna Park si ay u ciyaaro qalab ah. Yaa sarcaadka laga yaabaa in Petya yar - qalcaddayda arday is-baray ah - ugu dhakhsaha badan mid ka mid ah composers ugu weyn ee taariikhda music classical noqon doonaa, oo ugu dhaqsaha badan dunida oo dhan inuu magiciisa ogaan doonaan - Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky. Years of naftiisa, gaar ahaan muddada hore, waxay ahaayeen kuwo ka buuxaan waayo aragnimo muusikada, kaas oo dhab ahaan ka qayb qaatay in ay aasaaska iyo sida laxamiistaha ah.

gabal ugu horeysay ee

Yeshe wiil aad u yar uu isku dayay inuu ka koobanahay music. The ugu horeysay shuqullada by Tchaikovsky, taas oo noo yimid - a Waltz biyaano yar "Daahir Riyaale-Waltz", taas oo uu ka go'an in uu baraha Daahir Riyaale. shaqada waxa uu ka kooban in afar iyo toban sannadood. In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in wiilka doonayay in ay cadayso oo dhan waxay ka dhigan tahay ka qayb qaadashada qoyska ee dunida oo muusiko ah, waalidka oo aan go'aansaday in uu helo shahaadada sharciga. Laakiin tani, dabcan, ma hortago isaga si ay u noqdaan laxamiistaha ah, oo ay dunida oo garanayay kii Tchaikovsky ah. Years nolosha laxamiistaha ee muddada yar yar ay ku soo rogeen print gaar ah uu qof. In 1850, markii uu ku qasbay in ay ka tagaan guriga oo ay tagaan dugsiga ee St. Petersburg, wuxuu ahaa mid aad u badan oo ka walwalsan qaybsadeen, waxaana la socday hooyadiis, kan jacayl badan uu jeclaaday guriga iyo geesaha. 4 sano ka dib, wuxuu la kulmay lama filaan ah xitaa ka weyn, dhimashada cudurka daacuunka u ahaa hooyadiis. Oo waxaa ka tagay aragti weyn oo ku saabsan naftiisa ee Meyeydaan. Tchaikovsky sano ee la soo dhaafay, gaar ahaan ka hor dhimasho, inta badan loogu yeeri hooyadiis. Sida muuqata, waxa uu ahaa dhagax adag, maxaa yeelay, Peter Ilyich, iyo sidoo kale ay waalidka, ayaa u dhintay cudurka daacuunka.

waxbarashada

Pyotr Ilyich ahaa arday fiican, laakiin waxa uu bartay qeybtii xqqa, laakiin uu soo jiidashada in music ayaa lagu muujiyay la maalin kasta marayay. In qof aad u xasaasi ah, oo isku mar la taag daran in qaddar ee wiilkiisii, oo wuxuu aabbihiis, ayuu wuxuu goostay inuu shaqaalayaal u kireeyo macallin Peter la og yahay in wareegyada muusikada - Kyundingera. Markaasaa waxaa taas, laga yaabee, ay ahayd talaabadii ugu horaysay dhalashada xiddiga laxamiistaha ee, kaas oo hadda loo yaqaan dhammaan daafaha dunida dacaladeeda. Indeed, kuwaas oo maanta ma oga kan Butros Tchaikovsky!? Years of naftiisa ku muddada dhalinyarada, kaas oo ka dhacay St. Petersburg, oo hodon ah oo dhalaalaya, kaas oo sidoo kale gacan ka raasamaal ee uu madaxa ku reebaya badan. Dhamaan iyaga ka mid ah ee mustaqbalka ayaa ka muuqataa shuqulladiisii hanad in.

"Understanding" la Mozart

Tchaikovsky shaqeeyay Kyundingerom ku saabsan saddex sano. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, su'aasha ah ee Ilya Petrovich, in wiilkiisa si uu naftiisa uga dhigeen si loogu music, macalinka madaxiisa ruxmay oo sheegay in uusan arki barta. Marka la soo koobo, Kyundinger karin ka dibna fahamsanahay in wajahaya a laxamiistaha weyn mustaqbalka Tchaikovsky. Years nolosha u soo beegantay muddo ah barwaaqo ku sifayn ku opera Ruush. Marka Moscow, uu si waxqabadka "Don Giovanni" by Mozart weyn yimid. Young Butros ayaa ka yaabay waxa uu aragnay oo maqallay. Naso heli jiray cimrigiisii oo ahaa laxamiistaha ugu jiray isaga, waayo, amar ugu weyn dunida oo muusiko ah. sannadihii danbe nolosha Tchaikovsky ayaa la raacio shaqada tamarta ee Mozart weyn. Pyotr Ilyich mar qirtay in si "Don Giovanni" mahad, ayuu wuxuu goostay inuu naftiisa in ay iyada Music Weynaha sooco.

Tchaikovsky - Lawyer

Ka dib ka qalin jaamacad, helitaanka shahaado ah shareecada, Pyotr Ilyich noqday shaqaale ka tirsan wasaaradda caddaaladda. Tchaikovsky sano nolosha waqti markii uu ahaa shaqaale dawladeed, waxay ahaayeen dareen omrachneny qanacsanayn. Young Peter ahaa raaxo deegaankan. Wuxuu u baroortay fursadaha lumay, oo ku saabsan tayo, kaas oo, in uu ra'yi, ay goori goor tahay in la horumariyo. Waqtigaa ee Russia, conservatory ugu horeysay waxaa la aasaasay by Rubinstein, iyo Ilya Petrovich, maxaa yeelay, dhibaatada of wiilkiisa, isaga kula taliyay inuu gacantiisa isku dayaan sidii muyuusik, iyo qoraan muusikada dugsiga sare. Markaasaa ninkii dhallinyarada ahaa 22 sano jir. sannaddii kowaad oo baadhitaan uu weheliso adeegga ee wasaaradda, laakiin markaas go'aansaday inuu ka tago shaqada iyo naftiisa oo gebi ahaanba u jahaysataan music. Ka dib ka qalin conservatory ah, oo uu ku bixiyeen meel wax bara. Hawshan qaatay muddo ka badan 11 sano.

abuurka muusikada

Concerto Piano First Tchaikovsky qoray markii uu reebay 35. Si dhakhso ah, oo uu caan ku bilaabmaa si ay u koraan xawaare cajiib ah, waxa uu inta badan lagu casuumay si ay dhacdooyinka kala duwan, laakiin nolosha bulshada ka mid ah oo rar sida waqti. In 1876, nolosha laxamiistaha ee halkaas yahay gargaaraha dumar ah Nadezhda von Meck. Thanks to taageerada Tchaikovsky khamaartay Safar ah iyada oo Europe iyo America. Mid kasta oo ka mid ah magaalooyinka Yurub: Paris, Bern, Rome, Venice - tago ay calaamaddu ku shuqulka laxamiistaha ugu. Mid ka mid ah xabbad of music waxaa lagu bedelaa kale, oo kulligoodna waxay lahaan guusha aan horay loo arag. Ka dib markii badan Baadi Pyotr Ilyich Walaashiis in Kamenka (Ukraine) u yimid. Halkan, in dhulkii uu ku dhashay, oo uu shaqada la Shafay oo ciidan gaar ah.

Years nolosha Tchaikovsky in Klin

Mar kasta, bilaabi on a safar dheer, Pyotr Ilyich u maleeyay oo ku saabsan xaqiiqada ah in uu meel lahaa si ay u tagaan. Wuxuu aad u badan ay doonayeen in ay gurigooda. In magaalada hareeraheeda ah ee Klin, wuxuu soo iibsaday guri laba dabaq, oo raaxo leh oo noqday "guriga". Markaas ayuu ahaa 45. Waxaa uu ku noolaa muddo toban sanadood ah. Kuwaasu waxay ahaayeen sano aad u badan dhala. Imisa shuqullada cajiib ah waxaa lagu qoray inta lagu jiro xilliga this. inta badan uu doonayay inuu noqon keligiis iyo melodies uu la, laakiin ka Moscow isaga u ahaa inta badan soo booqday by asxaabta iyo xiiseyneysay. Maanta, gurigan waa meel Xajka, waayo, fannaaniin dhalinyarada iyo xiiseyneysay shuqulkiisa. In Klin qof walba ogyahay meesha gurigii ay ku noolaayeen Tchaikovsky weyn qudhiisa. Years of nolol iyo geeri ah laxamiistaha ugu calaamadsan on saxanka hore ee gurigiisa-museum - 1840-1893. Waxa uu ahaa 53 keliya marka daacuunka ka wada baabbi'iyey isagii, sidii mar hooyadiis la jecel yahay. Imisa shuqullada hanad, uu qori kartaa, haddii uu joogay. Laakiin hoogtay ... Taasi waa qaddar.