Normans The - waa ... The taariikhda iyo dhaqanka ee Normans ah. State Normans

Normans The - waa mid ka mid ah waqooyiga magacyada dadyowga. Sidaas daraaddeed dadkii degganaa Bartamaha iyo Koonfurta Yurub ee qarniyo VIII-XI yeedhay ciidamada dagaalyahan kulul, ka dhoofnay wadamada qabow. Weerarada ayaa guuto si joogto ah ayaa loo beddelaa ciidanka, iyo iyadoo ay sabab u map of Europe ahaa redrawn.

micne badan

Waxaa laga tirtiray dhulka dushiisa oo ka boqortooyadiisa ka badan Franks ah, wakiilka dhismay guri ammaan ah Carolingian, Charlemagne. Waxaa lagu soo duulay England. Spain, si ay dalka kaas oo sidoo kale u safray tuugagga ku, iyaga oo wacaya wuxuush jaahilka - madhausami by maal magaca naxdin ku hortooda oo dhan. British The iyaga askemanami yeedhay, ie doomaha of ash adag. In qadiimiga Russia ayaa lagu magacaabay Viking. Waxaa sidoo kale loo yaqaan magaca "Viking" (waxa markii dambe lagu cadeeyay in ereyga "Viking" Norsemen naftooda u bixiyey safarka badda). Waxaan dhihi karnaa in Normans - waxaa ayaa ugu guulaysannaa sida Franks yiri Abwaan, "geesi si xad-dhaaf ah." Thanks to dhiirranaan, cabsi la'aan ah, ciidamada jeestay iyaga soo ifbaxay ayaa had iyo jeer ahaa guul, Iskhilaafeen, cadaawadda. warkiisiina wuxuu iyaga ka fog u taagay - waxay ka cabsadeen reer dhan u taliya, Yurub, laakiin sidoo kale ku riyoon jiray iyaga oo haysta, adeegga.

Warriors ka ab ka ab

Normans waxay ahaayeen rag u dhashay. Ma aha oo kaliya nooca adag iyo xaaladaha nolosha on xeebaha iyo badaha waqooyiga iyaga ka dhigaa. Diinta iyo xeerarka dalka ahaayeen, dhab ahaantii military ah. In nolosha danbe farxad, halkaas oo ay had iyo jeer ka farxin doontaa Valkyries helay askari oo kaliya, kuwaas oo isku dhex weynayn doonaa dagaalka. Xataa dadka dhaawaca ah iyo askari ka dhimanayaan kama tegi karo dagaalka oo lahaa si ay u dilaan cadaawayaashooda in neefta la soo dhaafay. Oo markaas isaga ka dambaysa wuxuu ahaa Oden qudhiisa (ilaah sarreeya), oo ka soo dhacsaday dal heer sare jannada Volholl for Naciimo weligeed ah. Normans The - waa dad aan wax ogayn innaba naxariis ma leh inaad cadaawayaashayda, ama isaga qudhiisa in. sharciyada ay ku dhuftay cadaawadda. Mid ka mid ah iyaga carruurta dadka waayeelka ah iyo dadka naafada ah jilicdo (xitaa la leexashooyinkaasi yar) ee lagu dilay. Caadooyinka ay nolosha waxaad fartaan Wannaagga qarniyo badan.

Sababaha weerarrada

dabeecadda caatada ah, taas oo ka dhigay wax aan macquul ahayn si ay u koraan cunto ku filan, wuxuuna ku qasbay inay xun loola dhaqmay ee qaraabada, go'aamiyo baahida loo qabo in weerarada gayiga dhow bacrin ah oo hodan ah, taas oo ay ahaayeen labada koonfurta iyo bari iyo galbeed. Ha iska kibriya ah ugu guulaysannaa iyo dhulal waqooyiga Abaar, ay si firfircoon uga buriyay deggan iyaga, waxaa la xirrira gumeysi ah. dalka Rich ku yaal shisheeya badaha, iyo meelaha biyaha steel Normans guriga labaad. Waxay ahaayeen maraakiibta qurux badan, xasilloon, oo waari kara. Warriors ahaayeen, waxay gabi ahaanba ma cabsan badda iyo gadiga fog gudaha. Long ka hor inta Columbus helay America, ay, si kastaba ha ahaatee, North.

Anshaxa iyo jooge

Normans The - waa hageyaasha weyn, iyo in si fiican u raacay seebab dhoofnay, oo dabayshu kaxayso oo ka soo hor jeedda. dagaalyahan aad u fiican oo aan sameeyey ka cabsan Horseedka ah, cabsida oo gaadho geesood ugu fogfog ee Europe ayaa lagu hareereysan halyeeyada. The dagaalyahan ugu kartida badan, geesinimo iyo arxan barsekami noqday kii Supatra ee rumaystay. Waxay ahaayeen aan la jabin karin. ciidanka arkay anshaxa adag, hoos jooge aan shuruud lahayn oo ka mid ah madaxda darajo iyo file askari, waxaa jiray code a of sharaf. Waxay ahaayeen madax adag in la gaaro goolkii iyo degenaan this, ma siinayo in uu hirgaliyo off track. qof waxa uu ahaa "Nordic, soo gaaray." Tan ugu muhiimsan, ay ku jirtay gool kama dambaysta ah - in la abuuro iyaga u gaar ah gobolka hodanka ah, iyo hababka oo dhan inay wanaagsan tahay. Laakiin waxay ku beddeleen muddo.

Bilow ballaarinta ballaadhan

Taariikhda Normans (iyo waxaa jira diiwaan) taariikhda dib u 789 sano. By xeebaha England, degay saddex markab oo ku saabsan taas oo deenish ah ay ahaayeen ka Harland, maadooyinka boqorka Beotrika. Laakiin ka dib markii burburka of keniisad ee Lindisfarne Island, raaceen by 4 sano oo helay badan oo sumcad, a weeraro dhowr ah ayaa la sameeyaa ka hor dhamaadka qarnigii. Markaas waxa uu ahaa 40 sano deganaan ah. Laakiinse sannadda 835, ayaa la baabbi'iyey reer Sheppee - jasiiradda British xeebaha ee Kent, waxaa dhammaan bilaabay. Ku xiga gudaha sanadlaha ba'an ee Normans in ay xeebaha ka mid ah dalalka u dhow Yurub. In qaar ka mid ah ololaha British Islands Vikings sameeyo inta badan in guga iyo xagaaga, qabowga.

Ujeeddooyinka la gaadhay

The Anglo-Saxons u yeedhay jaahilka ah, ama dadka waqooyiga. Magaca "Norman" iyaga siiyey Franks ah. The 855-856 ciidankiisana weyn aan Yuhuudda ahayn bari degay of England weligiis. Laakiin gabi ahaanba ka guulaystay England ay ahayd oo keliya in 1066 by ee Duke of Normandy (gobolka waqooyi ee France), William, kuwaas oo la og yahay in taariikhda sida kaliga ah. Taasi waa, marka hore Normans ay weerareen waqooyiga France, iyo xataa Paris, aasaasay in dhulka ay burburtay foori ay uu Frankish Empire State ay Dureeri Dhexdeeda, oo halkaas ka soo weerareen England. Taariikhda Normans la goysiga ah oo carshiga ku Ingiriisi iyo Sicily ee guud, dhamaado. Kolkaasaa waxaa loo yaqaan ka dibna horey u Normans ah. Weerarada ka weyn tahay, maxaa yeelay rag noqday beerreydii. Hadda waxay leeyihiin dhul beerashada ku filan, iyo si loo hubiyo in nolol fiican noqon kartaa iyagoon maciinsan wax hub ah.

u dhashay ee ku guuleysta

Norman furasho kordhiyay in ka badan saddex qarniyo. Sidaas darteed, waxaa la qabsaday qarnigii IX of Ireland iyo Scotland ka. isku day Constant inuu guulaysto England keentay in xaqiiqda ah in in ay qarniyo IX-X, Normans uu degan meelaha waqooyiga, bariga iyo bartamaha dalka. Oo wuxuu u yeedhay Danelare ( «Area sharciga deenishka") furasho.

Oo waxay u sameeyeen weerarada on frieze ah - aagga xeebta u dhaxaysa maanta Denmark iyo Holland. Norman furasho ma kordhiyay oo kaliya in ay Spain iyo Portugal. In 859, raxan weyn oo ka kooban in ka badan 60 markab oo, waxaa lagu buuxiyey oo ka buuxa bililiqada ee Spain, in ay xeebaha North Africa yimid. Iyadoo 844 sano weerarada on Spain ahaayeen si joogta ah, on time, ay xitaa u suurtagashay in ay qabsadaan Seville.

Waxay leeyihiin in ay helaan meel kasta oo

Inta lagu jiro ololayaasha oo dhan Normans, Vikings si aad u wanaagsan loo habeeyey in deegaanka iyo hayeyna leh dadka deegaanka. In koonfurta Italy, wayna u soo galeen bilowgii qarnigii XI, iyo 1071 waxa oo dhan yimid hoos xukunka Normans ah.

A door aad u muhiim ah u tageen inay Viking ee yimaddeen. Waxay si firfircoon uga qaybqaatay abuurista boqortooyada Yeruusaalem. On webiyaasha Volkhov, Lovat ', Dnieper iyo Volga Normans, Vikings gaadhay Badda Madow, iyo in xeebaha yimid Empire Byzantine ah. Qaar ka mid ah iyaga ka mid ah ay ku lug leeyihiin ganacsiga, on River Volga iyo Badda Caspian ah, iyo in ay Baghdad yimid. Ma aha oo kaliya Kulaashaan dhulka soo jiitay Normans ah. caan Viking Erik Ryzhy ee 985, waxa uu aasaasay gumeysi ah ee Greenland, taas oo, in kasta oo ay xaaladda cimilada oo nololeed oo adag oo aad u daran, socday 400 sano. hogaamiyaha caanka ah ee degayaasha waxaa ka go'an in ay sheekada taxanaha ah, kuwaas oo waxaa la sheegay in mid ka mid ah wiilashii Erik Red ku wareegsan sanadkii la soo 1000, ayaa booqday North America.

Weerarada - ma la joojiyo oo iniinahoodu ku dhex

Waayo, Vikings, gaar ahaan qarniyo X-XI, weerarada ay yihiin kuwo aan dhammaad iniinahoodu ku dhex jiraan. Meelo badan oo ay degeen, sameynta gobolka, meel ka mid ah deegaanka. Part deganaa ee Scotland, qayb ka mid ah xagga koonfureed oo reer Italy. Dawladdu waxay la abuuray by Normans ee Sicily, ee France, England. Meel natiijada waxaa lagu gaarayaa by qabtay si toos ah dalka iyo markii la afgembiyey Boqortooyada sharci ah, sida in England. Ciidamada boqorka ee la soo dhaafay ah ee Anglo Saxons looga adkaaday Godwinson Harold at Hastings. Guulaystey qaadataa carshiga si William kaliga ah. In gobolka of Aversa yimid gobolka ugu horreeyey ee Normans ee koonfurta Italy. Waxaa la raacay by Melfi iyo Salerno, Calabria, Puglia iyo Naples. Later, hay'adaha oo dhan ka mid ah ayaa ku biireen boqortooyada Sicilian. Sida caadiga ah, marka hore Vikings galay hawshii abtirsan maxalliga ah, ka dibna iyaga rogay.

ah ee Normandy

Waa in la ogaadaa in Normans ku lahaa hanad ah macalin. Oo iyana ma ay wada baabbi'in dhismeedka awoodda hore, ka gaari qaadashada ugu wanaagsan oo dhan. Viking dabaal awood la yaab leh si ay u qabsadaan ay horey u sameeyay hay'adaha sharciga iyo dhaqanka baahida iyaga u gaar ah. Waxay la ixtiraamo dhaqanka iyo guulaha dadyowga ka guulaystay. Dawladdu waxay of Normans ee France yeedhay Normandy bilaabay shaqo ee dalalkan oo qarnigii IX ah by Vikings Norway iyo Denmark. Oo waxaan iyaga u maareeyaan marayaya Hrolf, la odhan jiray si sababtoo ah xaqiiqda ah in faras ma jidhkiisa weyn sameyn kari waayeen, oo wuxuu lahaa in ay u safraan by cagta. Normans The qasbay Charles III Simple ah dhulkii garan afka waxba reebin ee hantidooda. Hrolf qirtay wiilkaagiiba of Charles, gabadhii uu guursaday, oo wuxuu qabsaday magaca Christian Buenafloroo. Normans The, kuwaas oo soo gaaray isaga la, oo ay raalli ka duubay Masiixiyada dhex qasan yahay dadka deegaanka. Qaadashada fiican ka dhulgoosadka France, Normans dhisay qaab wanaagsan oo awoodda dawladda ee Normandy iyo England iyo Sicily.

ay caanka ah soo noolaaday

Erayga "Norman" waa ta ugu fudud. Waxaa macno fasiraya ka northman Norse - «qof waqooyiga". Sida hore u soo sheegnay, dadkaas oo ku noolaa in Scandinavia, faa'iiday caan sabab u ballaarinta ballaadhnaa ee qarniyo VIII-XI. Normans isku daraa ciidamada, badmaax, baayacmushtariyaasha, sahamiyayaal iyo Socdaalba. Dabcan, oo ah dad badan lahaa ay dhaqanka, diinta, suugaanta. dhaqanka Norman waa laan ka mid ah dhaqanka Germanic. Dareenkaa u ah ololayaasha badan ayaa soo maray ka afkayga, sheekada taxanaha ah ereyga. In sharaf gaar ah ahaayeen gabayaaga, loo yaqaan gubashada. Diinta Vikings, lagu qabtay khuraafaadka ku dhaxasheen ilaa maantadan la joogo magacyada ilaahyada jaahilka - ilaahnimada Oden ugu weyn iyo 12 - Thor, Loki, Braga, Heymndall iyo kuwa kale. Waxaa jiray 4 ilaahadda - Frigg, Freya, Idun, Sif. caddooyinka ayaa lagu soo sameeyey qarnigii V iyo ka hor ansaxinta Masiixiga ah. Written aayaddan, "Elder Edda" iyo tiraab "Edda" - ilaha ugu weyn ee caddooyinka Norse. Guud ahaan dhulka, meesha Normans ama soo orday si ay times our stele la ilaashaa, calaamadaha runic Patriots, qadiimiga ah ayaa laga helay dahabka iyo talismans. Wax kasta oo ku saabsan Normans ah, siiyey kor u qaada ayaa maanta dhaqan pop awood - boqolaal kulan video, kartoonada, tixaha caanka ah.

magaca kale

Oo barbariyiintiina ee Scandinavia lahaa wax badan oo magacyada in dal kasta ayaa lagu magacaabay siyaabo kala duwan - in Russia ay la siiyey magaca "Vikings". Normans The, kuwaas oo u yimid in ay Russia ee waqooyiga, ayaa ka shaqeeya adeegga oo ah amiirradii dalka Ruushka, kaasoo ay raalli hooyo iyagii, sidii iyaga qudhooduba in xididada ay awdeen dhiigga Rurik, aasaasay qarnigii IX ee kibir Novgorod. Waxa uu ahaa aasaasihii qoyska princely, kuwaas oo markii dambe u noqday guri ammaan ugu horeysay ee Russian boqornimada. The Normans ee Russia ayaa had iyo jeer soo bixitaankii leh awood, dagaalyahan aan la jabin karin. Sidaa darteed, markabka waxaa la siiyey magaca "Varyag" iyo erayadii gabaygii, wayna ammaanayeen geesinimada iyo daacad u Fatherland ah, waxaa lagu yaqaan in ay dad badan oo haatan.