Nooca sawirka ee dhaqanka ee jeer iyo dadyowga kala duwan

Sawirka - sifayn ah farshaxanka, siday laftiisa in sifooyinka gaarka ah ee qofka. Waayo, artist a professional dhibic muhiim ah - si uu u gudbiyo oo keliya ma aha isku mid muuqata in model ah live, laakiin sidoo kale inuu u muujiyo adduunka ugu hooseeyey ee qofka shakhsiga ah, oo uu naftiisa. Arrintani waxay ka duwan nooca sawirka ee dhaqanka ee waqtiyo kala duwan.

Kaliya portraitist xirfad hoos ciidamada ay u muujiyaan ah shakhsiyadda iyo xaaladda dareen ee model ah, iyada oo niyadda la joogo. Muhiimka ah ee sawirka ku jira dhammaan faahfaahinta - model ah bannaanka, dhar, deegaan asal, iyo accessories. Waxay ku siin artist fursad uu sidoo kale si ay u muujiyaan booska bulshada ee sawirka iyo dar midabka waqti taariikheed xiliyo hore.

horumar ah ee ku sifayn sida sawirka ka

Waqtigan xaadirka ah, farshaxanka ururiyey ururinta weyn ee images sawirka, oo ay ku jiraan dhaxalka kuwa dadka Macallimiin badan ee la soo dhaafay iyo hadiyad, si ay u muujiyaan nooca sawirka ee dhaqanka ee waqtiyo kala duwan ah. Message lagu kala qaado iyaga by in ay shaqada, waxaa fiican inaad sawir ka mid ah waqtiyada taas oo nool oo ka shaqeysta portraitists. In marxalad kastaaba wuxuu lahaa hadafyada gaar ah qurux, heysatay by Hababka kala duwan, la beddelo shuruudaha images sawirka. In si ay u qabsadaan, dukaan iyo Gaadhsiiya oo durriyadii image wejiga, fanaaniinta loo isticmaalo qalab kala duwan. Qoondee Wehbe sculptural, graphic iyo sawiro ah, oo ku nuuxnuuxsaday, miday, taas oo uu leeyahay nooca sawirka ee dhaqanka ee waqtiyo kala duwan ah. Pictures of aadanaha wajiga laga yaabaa sidoo kale in la sameeyo unconventionally iyo in ay leben, daabac, appliques, iwm ...

asalka ah ee sawirka ku

The Wehbe-gacmeed ugu horeeyey ee taariikhda in wakhtiyadii hore. awowayaashood, kuwaasoo aan la tixgelin karaa helay Wehbe Fayum, magacaabay ay goobta (abaabulan Masar ee Fayoum). Frescoes, laga helay inta lagu jiro excavations in arkaynin Guryohoodii mooyee madaxtooyada Kereetee, badbaadada inaga soo bixiyey muuqaalada quruxda badan ee haweenka da'da yar. Inkastoo image ahaa mid aad u gaarto, xogta rijiyeeyay la oran karo waa run "protoportretami".

The Wehbe badbaaday marka hore, taas oo sifooyinka gaarka ah ee qofka, wuxuu ahaa shuqulka fanaaniinta Giriigii hore, Masar iyo Rome ayaa lagu wareejinayaa, kuwaas oo ay awoodaan in ay soo bandhigaan nooca ah sida sawirka buuxa ee dhaqanka ee waqtiyo kala duwan. Wehbe waxay ka farshaxan iyo gaar loo yaqaan wakhtiga ka mid ah gabayayaashiinnu iyo aqoon yahanno, saraakiil iyo taliyayaal.

qadiimiga ah Greece

Si image aadanaha sayidkooda Giriigga ee hore u beddelay si ay muddada shinka. farshaxan qadiim la xidhiidha nin ku haboon, qurux badan in jidhka iyo xagga ruuxa. image Tani waxay u muuqataa dadka cajiib ah u shaqeeyaan, si buuxda wax garad u eg.

In mustaqbalka, sanamyadii qorraxda ka sii adag, kala sayidkii ku dadaalaan si ay u abuuraan Wehbe. Zaman Hellenistic wuxuu ahaa wakhtigii dareenka nin, dareenkiisa. farshaxan ayaa yimid firfircoonida iyo in la muujin shacuurta. Sidaana abuuray raagayaan jirka aadanaha kaamil ah, laakiinse wuxuu doonay sawirka. sculptors qaraami ah farshaxan inta badan busts, laakiin waxaa jiray Sidaana ah oo dhererkiisuna wuxuu buuxa, kaas oo la dhajinta on gabayga waa. tiro badan oo Wehbe sculptural la abuuray ka qalab kala duwan: marmar ah, naxaas ah, lacag, iyo dahab, iyo foolmaroodi ah.

qadiimiga Rome

danaha State ayaa weheliso Romans la dareenka ninkii, qofku shakhsiyadiisu. Fanaaniinta ayaa warar xan ah oo ku saabsan Xuquuqda iyo Waajibaadka Man, madaxbannaanida gudaha oo u harraadsan, waayo, xorriyadda. Waxaa go'aamisa horumarinta a sawirka sculptural run. Romans taswiiran ku labisan dharka smart - toga, maxaa yeelay, sida sawirka u jeedkiisu ahaa in ay u dabaal abtirsan ee noocyada. images Early Gaadhsiin xoog iyo adkeysiga qof xajiya nooca sawirka ee dhaqanka ee waqtiyo kala duwan. Horumarinta farshaxan Roman qeyb ka caadadii hore ee samaynta waji dhimasho.

Qeybtii labaad II in. sawirka Roman gaadhay meesha ugu sarreysa. Sculptors haatan yihiin fiiro ma aha oo kaliya in ay muuqashadii dembigooda la model ah, laakiin sidoo kale on siidaynta xaaladda maskaxda iyada. Tani waxay keentay in la bedelo isha technology image - bedeli alxanka iyo farsamooyinka midabaynta iman caag ah. Portraitists waqtiga u muuqdaan in ay gudbinta ugu saxsan ee dabiiciga ah, wanaan sifooyin waaweyn shakhsiyadda.

Qarniyadii dhexe, Jan van Eyck

An madax banaan nooca farshaxanka sawirka bilaabay in qarniyadii dhexe. Vlaamse Jan van Eyck ahaa mid ka mid ah fanaaniinta ugu horreeyey oo ansixiyay nooca sawirka ee dhaqanka ee waqtiyo kala duwan ah. Message tagay shaqada kasta rinjiyeynta, in wiilashii ka xun ma jiro oon ahayn in shuqullada qorayaasha iyo gabayaaga yimid. Waxay ahayd Jan van Eyck dhigay sida sawirka ka mid ah nooca ah oo kala duwan. Sida ay legend, oo weliba wuxuu ahaa qoraaga of farsamo rinjiyeynta saliidda. Mid ka mid ah oo shuqulladaadii hore ee van Eyck ee Altarpiece Ghent ahaa rinjiyeynta ka. Ka mid ah jilayaasha halkaas oo macaamiisha ka shaqeeyaan - waxa loogu yeero donator (deeq) dadka si ay lacag ugu deeqay-u-dejinta ee kaniisadda. xeerkii darey diinta ka mid ah macaamiisha rinjiyeynta wejiga jiray inta lagu guda jiro qarniyadii dhexe. Farshaxankii kaliya ma waxaa ka mid ah tirooyinka donators ee halabuurka ah ee wax soo saarka, iyo ujeedooyinka ugu waxyooda characters ay.

Renaissance

In Renaissance ah, sida sawirka ka noqday noocyo ugu horeysay oo madaxbanaan oo ranjiyeynta. Muuqashada xaafaddeeda labaad ee qarnigii XV ah., Waxaa si deg deg ah u noqday caan ah. Hawsha ugu wayn ee sawirka ahaa milicsiga ah shakhsiyadda ee casriga ah u fiican. Artists ma muujinayaa donators taqi ah iyo kuwa hooseeya - characters ay noqdaan wajiga free, ma aha oo kaliya si buuxda dhiibaadiyey, laakiin sidoo kale awood u leh falalka daran ah.

Germany: Albrecht Dürer

Works of rinjiile iyo artist graphic noqday kaalin weyn horumarinta nooca sawirka ah. Sawirrada Dürer kala duwanaayeen in shaqsi gaarka ah ee model dareenka. geesiyaal ay - firfircoon, caqli, full of sharaf, tamarta iyo dadaal. Is-sawirka Dürer siiyey fiiro gaar ah, kaas oo wakhtigaas ahaa arrin aan caadi ahayn, doonay inuu soo helo sifooyin shakhsiga ah in la kala saaro mid ka mid ah qof kale ka.

Italy: Leonardo da Vinci

Wuxuu ahaa ah rinjiile fiican, artist graphic, hindisa, saynisyahan, injineer iyo xataa muusikiiste ah. Uu "Mona Lisa" ( "La Gioconda") - rinjiyeynta ugu caansan dunida oo dhan. muuqaalka ee sawirka this - ma ahan oo keliya asalka. Naag iyo dabeecadda ku milmaan oo dhan noolaanshoba. artist waxay u muuqataa isha si ay u muujiyaan dunida aadanaha isagoo sida weyn oo aan la fahmi karin, sida dabeecadda ku xeeran dadka. Leonardo da Vinci ahaa awoodaan in ay immortalize shuqulladiisa, nooca sawirka ah ee dhaqanka ee jeer iyo dadyowga kala duwan.

Spain: Francisco Goya

rinjiile Spain Francisco Goya noqday caan ah sida qoraaga of Wehbe oo xaradhka ostrosotsialnyh. All shuqulladiisa lagu gartaa dareen iyo xoojinta sifooyinka dareen. Goya jeclaa inuu qoro dumarka - qurux badan oo aan aad u laandheere iyo gabdhaheediiba geeyey. Xitaa ka dib markii uu noqday ugu jecel yahay a of rinjiile taliyayaashii, maxkamadda, Goya doorbiday in ay qoraan saboolka reer magaalka.

England Thomas Lawrence

sawirka waxa uu ahaa guusha ugu sareeya ee rinjiyeynta Ingiriisi isgooyska ee qarniyo XVIII-XIX. Tomas Lorens ahaa rinjiile ugu horeysay sida sawirka English-yaqaan. farsamo cajiib ah oo Iduna Park ee fulinta Lawrence Wehbe dhali qorid ahaa ee buurta lahaa taataabtay. Farshaxankii siiyo Hadba of khadadka, qaninimo ah midabo, stroke geesinimada dareenka weyn. Lawrence qoray Wehbe ah atariishooyinka iyo kuwa baangiga jooga, carruurta iyo raggii odayaasha ahaa, oo barbaarrada iyo haweenka. Waxa uu fahamsan yahay ka qoto dheer iyo muhiimadda ay arrintan, sida nooca sawirka ee dhaqanka ee waqtiyo kala duwan ah. Album la udaabacida shuqullada Lawrence waxaa la daabacay qaab buug iyo iibiyey kun oo nuqul dunida oo dhan.

France Ogyust Renuar

In tobanka sano ee hore ee qarnigii XIX ah. meel muhiim ah in rinjiyeynta Faransiis xertiisii iyo kuwa raacsan ee David qabsadeen. Shaqada ay la doonayaan, bulshada noqnoqonayey markii boqornimadii Napoleon. Classicism in adkaaday inta lagu jiro xilliga this farshaxanka, loo yaqaan "Empire" - boqortooyadiisa style. style Tani "line cas" wareemay nooca sawirka ah ee dhaqanka ee waqtiyo kala duwan.

Ogyust Renuar wax fikrad ah kama ah farshaxankiisa iyada oo nin, iyo sawirka - Waa xaalad muhim ah. In bartamihii 1870s-. sawirka noqday sifayn weyn ee rinjiyeynta ah by Renoir. Sanadihii la soo dhaafay uu bilaabay inuu ka shaqeeyo on abuurista Wehbe carruurta: Caruurta ku qoray gudaha, ee dabiiciga ah. Waxa uu si daacad ah soo saari maqaarka galaas uu daydo dhalinyaro ah, fiirin cad oo furan, timaha silky, dharka xarrago leh. Renoir gabi ahaanba isbadalay iyo ku daray in ay ku sifayn sawirka ee dhaqanka waqtiyo kala duwan. Photos of shuqullada by this artist weyn loo arki karaa in publications daabacay badan oo ku saabsan dhaqanka iyo farshaxanka.

Russia

nooca sawirka muuqday Russia ka dambayn in Europe (XVIII c.), Oo waxay ahayd in siyaabo badan oo la mid ah icon ah. Bilow ee portraiture Ruush la xidhiidha magacyada fannaaniinta sida Nikitin, Matveev, Antropov, Argunov.

Master of sawirka iyo nooca ranjiyeynta ahaa Vasiliy Andreevich Tropinin. In shuqulladiisa, waxa uu u siin dabacsan laakiin aad run caan ku ah aadanaha. Tropinin dhawaadeen portraitist rasmiga ah ee Moscow.

Alexei Venetsianov unbaa loo yaqaan aasaasihii ku sifayn farshaxanka Ruush. marka hore wuxuu u abuuray Eebe gallery ah images of ridayeen - run, laakiin ma aha iyada oo aan xaddi gaar ah oo idealization iyo sentimentality.

Karl Pavlovich Bryullov qoray tiro badan oo ah Wehbe rasmi ah, waxay xaladii ku hamiday quruxda aadanaha, in ay la kulmaan oo farxad u ah in ay. Qaar ka mid ah Wehbe ugu wanaagsan ee wakhtigan ka mid ah "kii fuushanaaba wuxuu", sida sawirka Samoilova ah, perovskite. Bryullov abuuraa dunida gaar qurux, farxad, nabad, carruurnimada ku faraxsanahay.

waqti cusub

waqtiga New keenay aragti cusub oo ay ku tahay. Waxaa horay u jiray in aan la qurxin, waa in aan "fiican." Sawirka hore jirey sida haddii laba siyaabood (amartay oo Research) sii dhqaalaha. Hadda waxa inta badan ku sifayn ganacsi, la siiyo mushaar artist ah, halkii ay ka fursad in ay is muujiyaan. Wixii ra'yi dhiibashada saaxir ayaa haatan sii kordheysa dooranaya noocyo kale.

lacagta badan Art, kaas oo u muuqday at Warega of qarniyo XIX-XX., celiyay dhar iyo doorka Wehbe. Si aad u muujin dabiiciga ah ee model ah, artist doorto dharka dhegeysiga, gudaha iyo xitaa khatar garabaka qarnigii XVIII ka. Waxa aan ahaa inuu ku laabanayo soo dhaafay, dayashada indha la ', iyo nooca ciyaarta, halis ah oo funny waqti isku mid ah.

gunaanad

Sawirka sii jiraysaa ilaa maantadan la joogo, in kastoo, hadda sidii hore ee Europe, waxaa la sii kordheysa noqoto nooca ka diiwaan gashan. Waxaa laga yaabaa in tani ay tahay marxalad dabiiciga ah ee ay horumarka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sii xeerkii, waa dokumenti muhiim ah taariikhiga ah, kaas oo kor u qaadi doonta inay ka dambeeya ayaa xasuusta of our da'da.