Mikhail Kalatozov: Biography, filmography, sawiro

Ninkan tusay tayadiisa cajiib ah in doorka dhowr. Wuxuu caan noqday sida sameeyay iyo sida agaasime iyo sida shaqaale ah. Mikhail Kalatozov calaamadeeyay abaalgudyada la qaderiyo, sidoo kale isagoo milkiilaha regalia "cod weyn". On u qoran tahay badan oo articles iyo maqaalo ku saabsan Dhabahaan buu heli jiray cimrigiisii oo laga saaray intii laba Filimadan. Maxay ahayd jidka hal abuur leh ee Maestro ah? Ka fiirso su'aashan si faahfaahsan.

macluumaadka taariikh nololeedkooda

Kalatozov Mihail Konstantinovich ku dhashay caasimadda ah ee Georgia December 28, 1903. awowayaashiis ahaayeen ka ah qoyska princely qadiimiga Amiredzhebi. Adeer agaasimaha mustaqbalka isna wuxuu u adeegay sidii guud boqorka qudhiisaba ka. Waa in la ogaadaa in xaafadda Kalatozova si joogto ah u soo booqday by wakiilada intelligentsia maxalliga ah, oo jeclaaday in aan ka hadlo aayaha dalka. Laakiin markaas yimid October Revolution ah, taas oo ka dhigtay in ay hagaajin qaddar ee wiilka.

Start shaqada

In 1917, Mikhail Kalatozov, kuwaas oo Biography, dhab ahaan u qalmo tixgelin gaar ah, wuxuu bilaabay inuu si ay u helaan nolol. Wuxuu ka shaqeeyey iyo shaqaalaha, iyo shaqaalaha, iyo darawalka.

In 1923, nin dhallinyaro ah u dhaco in ay ka shaqeeyaan studio filimka iyo nawaaxigeeda ugu horeysay sida darawalka, ka dibna - projectionist ah. Dadaalkaas iyo aragti ka masuul ugu dhakhsaha ogaaday ninkii dhallinyarada ahaa, oo hadda Mikhail Kalatozov caawisay on set ah. Muddo ka dib waxaa la ansixiyey ee booska uu ka editor iyo sawir qaade. Intii uu shaqada studio Tbilisi ninka dhallinyarada ah waxay bilaabeen inay eegto shaqooyinka dhowr, kuwaasi oo ay si toos ah ama si dadban ku lug shineemada.

buufin Trial Kalatozova sida qoraa ahaa filimka "Waa Tariel Mklavadze", toogteen Ivanom Perestiani ee 1925. Muddo ka dib, Mikhail Kalatozov horeba ku lug iyo sida qoraa oo sida shaqaale ah ee farshaxanka "Gulli" iyo "dhiigga socoto". In caddaalad waa in la ogaadaa in abuuraha filimka caanka ah "The Cranes Ma Dayuurada" aan kasbaday caan weyn sida actor ah, inkastoo uu u saftay keeno, laakiin shuqulladiisa madaxda ahaayeen saldhigyo iyo siminaaro. Mikhail Kalatozov, kuwaas oo filimada waxaa raacsan ka mid ahaa in khasnaddii qaranka Cinématographe ah, markii ugu horeysay in ay isku tijaabiyo in awoodda cusub dhamaadka 20 ah.

agaasimaha mustaqbalkiisa

shaqada ugu horeysay Maestro ahaa filimka "waxay Kingdom", taas oo uu si toos ah iyadoo la kaashanaysa Nutsoy Gogobiridze. Horeba sawirka Mikhail Kalatozov bilaabay si ay u muujiyaan shaqsiyaddeenna la qorin, la abuuro saamaynta gaar ah iyo xaglaha nalalka, gaadho ugu badnaan jilayaasha xaqiiqo in jilayaasha. In 1930 nin dhallinyaro ah oo horey u ka mid yahay qaadataa filim aamusan loo yaqaan "Salt of Svaneti", kaas oo sheegaya waxa ku saabsan nolosha bulshada gaar ah.

Marka filim Michael K. loo isticmaalo qalab kaladuwan ee nooca documentary ah, waxa uu ahaa in ay u adkeysan hadal ah oo wax isbedel ah oo qorshayaasha awoodaan, samaynta shuqulkan laga mahadiyo ee filimada naqdiya sida "fiican".

isbeddel joogto ah dulinka ah

Xilligii filimka aamusan si tartiib tartiib ah noqdeen wax aan waxba, iyo Maestro isla markiiba ma awoodo inuu ku qabsado isbedelka cusub ee farshaxanka. The 1932nd Mikhail Kalatozov abuuraa filimka "ciddiyaha The in uu boot," laakiin shaqada la dareemin loo maqlayo. failure ee filimka waa mid aad u gancan agaasimaha Joorijiyaan. Waxa uu go'aansado inuu ka tago shaqada waqtiga on set ah. Maestro tagaa inaad wax ka barato Academy State of Art oo markii dambe u noqday madaxa Tbilisi studio Dhexe. In meel this, Mikhail Kalatozov (magaca dhabta ah - Kalatozishvili) ayaa waxa uu dib u habaynta ee geedi socodka filimka, casriyeeyo qalab iyo meel u shaqeeya bandhigay.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tabo cusub sida waxaa jeclaa ma maamulka oo dhan, iyo in muddo ah ka dib markii Maestro ee lagu eedeeyay "beerto modernismen ganacsade ah." Kalatozov diray magaalada ku Neva ah.

Ku soo noqoshada agaasimaha

In 30 ee dabayaaqadii Maestro u arko shaqada ee "Lenfilm", kaas oo ay bilaabaan toogtay filimka "Courage." In 1941 baxa in tiyaatarada waa sawir kale oo agaasimaha - "Valery Chkalov". Labada filim sheegi ku saabsan waaweyn ee duuliye Soviet, sidaas darteed, waxay leeyihiin guul orday la maqlayo. goob ee filimada naqdiya sida Chkalov ah, laakiin image ee ninkii ciyaaray by Vladimir Belokurova noqdo model ah in ay raacaan.

Mikhail Kalatozov kuwaas oo sawir ka dib "Valery Chkalov" daabacan doono oo dhan oo ka mid ah wargeysyada qaranka, marti qaaday in filimada ku saabsan duuliye shaqada ee jilayaasha qudbad - Serafim Birman, Arkadiya Raykina, Mark Bernes. No Maestro yar oo caan ah ayaa la siiyaa filimka "loogama badin," oo uu on par qaaday agaasimaha caanka Sergei Gerasimov ee 1942.

dibadda shaqee

In 1943 Agaasimaha Mikhail Kalatozov waxaa loo wareejin doonaa post maamul oo ku meel gaar ah u soo diray inuu ganacsade Maraykanka. Halkan, wuxuu noqon doona wakiilka idman Guddiga Cinema ee shineemada Soviet. Waxaa qaddar dibadda waxaa ku hardiyi doonaa qarnigii XX Litsedeyami qudbad - Charlie Chaplin, Jean Gabin, Anri Matissom.

From Maestro US keeni doonaa qalab casri ah si ay filimo soo gani oo bilaaban doona at istuudiyaha "Mosfilm". Ka dibna, wuxuu qaadan doonaa sida madaxa Agaasinka Main ee farshaxanka shineemada, ka dibna post mas'uulka ka ah Wasiir Ku-xigeenka shineemada Midowga Soofiyeeti. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, agaasimaha dhaqdhaqaaqa Michael K. bixin doontaa wax badan oo dareen.

Sii shaqada agaasimaha a

In 50-mada ee screens Soviet muujinaysaa film kale Kalatozova loo yaqaan "Shirqool ka mid ah lagu xukumay" Wirth ku salaysan ciyaara. Waayo, shaqo this, Maestro waxaa la guddoonsiiyey Prize Stalin. Markaasuu wuxuu iska soo bixiyey filimka "cadaawada cirwareen", oo waxaa ka buuxa saamaynta siyaasadeed oo halis ah. In 1954 wuxuu ka qalin jabiyay agaasimaha in ay ka shaqeeyaan comedy garneel ah "Friends True", taas oo weli jecel yahay by dhagaystayaasha gudaha jiilka ka weyn. Iyo, dabcan, waxaa xusid mudan si gooni gooni ah blockbusters Soviet "Cranes The Ma Dayuurada", abuurista oo Michael K. shaqeeyay 1957.

Tani story bini'aadamnimada ee halganka nabad waxa uu noqday classic ah shineemada Soviet. In 1964, dhagaystayaasha arkeen filimka "Waxaan - Cuba", script loogu Kalatozov qoray Abwaan Evgeniem Evtushenko. Maestro movie Last ahaa "The teendhada Red" (1969). Sheekada kulan ee - sheekada ee gurmadka ah duulaan ku kala horjeeda ee Umberto Nobile.

nolosha Personal

Agaasimaha filimka caanka ah, ku guuleystay 1965 horyaalka ee Artist Dadka ee Georgia, iyo in 1969 - horyaalka ee Artist Dadka ee USSR ah, waxaa lagu guursaday gabadhii qunsulka of Italy Jeanne Valatsi. Waxay isbarteen ka dhacay inta lagu guda jiro fasaxa ah ee Batumi. In dabayaaqadii 20-mada ay Maestro uu lahaa wiil George, kuwaas oo markii dambe sii guri ammaan aabbihiis. Xaaska ugu dhakhsaha badan ka dib dhalmada helay ASSR dhalashada Joorijiyaan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, guurka si shisheeye ah, Mikhail Konstantinovich muddo ka dib burburay: Agaasimaha ayaa ka tagay Georgia, iyo Jeanne iyo Wiilkeeda joogay Tiflis.

Sida laga soo xigtay in uu awow, Kalatozov, inkastoo qeybtii culus qoyska, wuxuu ahaa nin ku faraxsan yahay, maxaa yeelay, waxay ahayd inay awoodaan inay gaaraan wixii uu ka rabay nolosha oo dhan. Ahaanshaha ee caasimada waqooyiga, agaasimaha xamaasad jacayl la atariishada Elenu Yunger, laakiinse lagama ku Qaddarray wada noqon. Michael K. dhintay March 26, 1973, oo waxaa lagu aasay magaalada xabaalo Novodevichy ah.