Waxa xiiso leh, Nika Turbina ogaado waxa ah aayadda ama syllabic-tonic, markii reer binu afkeeda Daadiyey Aayado - dadka waaweyn, murugo, waayo-aragnimada carruurnimada aan la hadhid? Waa dhib. Haa, iyadu ma ay u baahan tahay in, sida Pushkin ee tijaabo gabay hore. Like Gabayaana waxaa kale oo caan ah. Laakiin way Sweden, oo hadiyaddooda ah waxa uu ku dhashay iyaga la, laakiin xitaa iyagu bartay farsamada gabayada iyo sharciyada ay. Tani waa ka sii lagama maarmaan inoo ah, "ma hanad." gabayada in ay gaari karaan maanka iyo qalbiga, aad u baahan tahay si ay u bartaan inay wax akhriyaan, idiinmana dhaadhici, fahmo shaqada lyrical. From lyrics ah, waxaan rajeyneynaa qas uu keeno xigay ee codadka, ereyada, images, garaaca iyo macnaha in la abuuro aragnimo lyrical, kaas oo aan la furin a collection of gabayo. Oo kii run ahaantii jecel yahay gabayada, ma caawin kartaa, laakiin la yaabanahay sida in la abuuro mucjiso gabay. Waa maxay aayadda, haddaad erayadayda caadiga ah sida laga soo ururiyey in khadadka caato ah iyo couplets ay awoodaan in ay taaban xadhig qotada dheer ee nafta? Iyo afka reer gabayada, laga yaabee in nooca ugu adag ee jiritaanka luqadda, iyo aad u baahan tahay si ay u bartaan si ay u fahmaan. Laakiin sidee?
Sida loo "samayn" gabayada?
nafsiga Modern aqoonsan habka ugu fiican in ay ka shaqeeyaan, mid ka mid ah oo ku filan in la hirgaliyey in shayga hoos waxbarasho. Haddii ay sidaas tahay, ka dibna by qaataha (kan arkaa), Aayado u baahan tahay shaqo hal abuur leh oo ka mid ah male iyo ka qaybgalka firfircoon ee dareenka, iyo sidoo kale ka abuuray. Sidaas daraaddeed, haddii aad rabto in aad fahmi gabayada, waa in aan isku dayno in aan gabayada qoro. Laakiin waxaad u baahan tahay in ka hor la ogaado, waxa iyo sida ay "ka dhigi gabayada" waa aayadda, laxanka, laxanka, iyo subtleties kale "stihopleteniya". By habka, qaar ka mid ah Aayado, sida ay yihiin Aayado yihiin qorayaasha, in la Gabayaana waxaa si gaar ah loogu talagalay. Yaqaan in Stanza suugaanta Spenserian ah, Byron Shemiiniid Onegin Stanza, Terzetto. Dhamaan magacyada laakiin magaca ugu dambeeya ee qoraaga sarcaadka. Laakiin Dante, kuwaas oo la Abuurtay Terzetto for "Ilaahnimadu Comedy" ee foomka sida aannu iyada u aqoonsanno maanta, u qalmo inuu ku leeyihiin magiciisa ka dhawaajisay. Dante been abuurtay - aayadda ka mid ah saddex aayadood (v - line) ereyo nidaamka 1 iyo 3 khadadka ereyo la mid kale, kii labaadna wuxuu ahaa - aayadda ugu horeysay oo saddexaad ee soo socota, ka dibna wax kasta oo lagu celceliyo. Fiiri tusaale ahaan ka mid ah gabayga: Waa in la ogaadaa in dhamaan stanzas saddex-line yeedhay rima terza ma (si ka duwan u yeedhay Terzetto). The gabayada haiku Japan halkaas. Sidoo kale waa saddex lines, laakiin waxaa jira iyo mijana ma. Tiro go'an oo khadadka sidoo kale waa wax Shemiiniid lagu soo jireenka ah (8) quatrain (4) distihom (2) iyo monostich (1).
Waxaad ku duugi kartaa qalinka
Maxaa yeelay, in aayaddan, taas oo ah nooc ka mid ah aayadda, sii uu waxbarashada ku ladhan, barashada laxanka, tirada, nooc oo ah heesaha. Waxaad hadda qaadan kartaa ilaa qalinka. Wac qalinka qalinka casriga ah, qalinka calaamadeysanayaan, mouse computer ah. Waa in ay awoodaan in ay! Waa dhib in wax cajiib ah, laakiin, ugu yaraan, waa caato ah iyo sonorous. Waa run, maxaa yeelay, ka dib markii dadaal aad u badan, waxaad billaabaysaa inaad Arkaa aayaadka kala duwan, si ay u fahmaan sida ay u badan shaqada waa qiimihii istareexsan oo daacad ah ugu masterpieces of Pushkin, Tiutchev, feta ... Iyo, malaha, waxay noqon lahayd suurad wacan in la helo dhegeyste leh ugu horeysay, iyo, sababtoo ah kaliya aayadda jecel? Wax walba waa suurtogal! Waa maxay sababta aan u qabanqaabiyaan tartanka gabayada a? Tartami on giraan ah gabay looma tixgeliyo ceeb u gabayaaga ugu qudbad of Qarniyadii hore, Shiinaha qadiimiga ah iyo Dr Makumbe Japan. In tartamada sida ku afeeyaan xirfadahooda, gabayaaga noqday caan ah oo awood u leh inay isgaadhsiin ay fekerkaaga iyo dareenkaaga.
Ha odhan "Mahad"!
Dhamaystiri our jimicsi yar, waxaan mar labaad anigu xoogga ay fikrad waaweyn: in la furo macnaha shaqada gabay waa wax aan macquul aheyn oo aan muujin ku dhegyadii ee foomka farshaxanka, taas oo macnaha waxaa loo soo bixitaankii - Halabuurka gabay (stanzas). Xuquuqda Lotman, ku dooday in xataa la fududeeyay "description schematic ah regularities dhismaha guud ee" dheer na bixiyaan asalnimada iyo qurux ka mid ah khadadka lyric badan soo noq-weedho laudatory ku saabsan hanad. Ka dib oo dhan, iyadoo aan loo eegayn sida badan ku odhan "Jinka" (Waxa ay habboon tahay in "Mahad"), ma aha macaan.