Matoorada naaftada Marine iyo dayactirka. Nidaamka shidaalka ee engine naaftada badda

matoorada naaftada Marine waa il tamar in Markabka. Wareegga of crankshaft ah loo kala qaado si la isugu gudbiyo ka kooban unit marsho ah, engine dhufays isku dhafan iyo Vane ah rafaasad ah, taas oo ku siinayaa koorsada ee doonnida. Markabka weyn, ayaa in ka badan horumaray Waa in ay tamar, taas waa in la xaqiijiyo ammaanka markabka badda. In case of diidmada engine ugu weyn waxaa u soo jeestay on gurmad ah sida stop weyn weel ama markab xamuul mnogopalubnogo dhexe ee badda ku jira xaalad duufaan u dhiganta ay baabba '.

Liqidda ugu horeysay

matoorada naaftada Marine bilaabay horraantii HHveka iyo si dhakhso ah isu la sheegay in la isku halayn karo, hufan iyo, ugu muhiimsan, unugyada is haysta. Markabka ayaa marka hore la engine naaftada ahaa ee deenishka "Zealand", ayaa bilaabay in 1912 ka. laba matoorrada 200 L ahaa dhajinta on markabka. c., mid kasta oo taas oo la eryay by a rafaasad. muuqaalka kore ee markabka la engine aan caadi ahayn abuuray kudhegaas ah oo noqday bilowgii marxalad cusub oo dhirta naaftada awood.

Horumarinta Quwadda on raxan naaftada bilaabay xawaaro deg deg ah ka dib dagaalkii labaad ee adduunka. rajada The isticmaalka sii propulsion qabyo ahaa cad cad, iyo shirkado badan oo injineernimada dunida oo dhan ku hawlan in ay wax soo saarka. Sida caadiga ah waa kiiska, horumarinta baaxad weyn oo-soo-saarka warshadaha ee wax soo saarka kasta oo ku jira dalabka sare, tartanka bilaabay. Sidaas darteed, waxaa jira mashruuc gaar ah, in koorsada oo ka matoorada badda superreliable awood u abuurmeen.

heshiis

Energy rakibo naaftada at weel weyn oo ka kooban engine hal waaweyn iyo dhowr kaabayaal ka shaqeeya on nololeedka markabka. Waxaa matoorrada, bambooyin, hawo, komberesarrada iyo habab kale oo badan.

In si gaar ah waaweyn safay badda lagu rakibi karo dhowr matoorada waaweyn iyo hannaanka ah kaabayaal ah. All matoorada naaftada. Oo waxay u adeegeen koox farsamo, farsamada iyo injineerada imtixaanka.

bogsashada xilliile

matoorada naaftada Marine kala qaybsan yihiin afar-stroke iyo laba-stroke. Farqiga u dhexeeya labada nooc waa lagama maarmaan. Afar mabda 'hawlgalka waa in ay dhex maraan wareegga hawlgalka laba isbeddelkaas crankshaft ama afar dhaceen. tallaabo firfircoon dhacdaa keliya inta lagu jiro mid ka mid ah wareegga saacadda, saddexda kale - diyaarinta.

Single-stroke wareegga engine waxaa la sameeyaa inta lagu jiro mid ka mid ah kacaanka. compressing dar shidaalka iyo mabda'a suuroggalaan xiga halkan kale. In dhululubo waxaa jira waxa loogu yeero dekedaha baarto iyada oo loo marayo taas oo dhacda kacday qasabka ah ee qolkii sari iyo sidaas looma baahna in qaaca ka dhex filtarka. Tirada wareegyo waa la dhimay si sax ah laba jeer.

kala duwan oo dheeraad ah

Waxa kale oo jira xawaaraha soocidda ah. matoorada-xawaaraha Low - ilaa 150 Kacdoonkii / daqiiqo iyo xawaaraha dhexdhexaad ah - 600 rev / min. matoorada-xawaaraha sare ee maraakiibta waaweyn oo aad u ballaaran aan jirin sababta oo ah koobnaanta ay tallaabo, load sare iyo sverhprodolzhitelnoy waqtiga shaqada.

matoorada naaftada Marine waayo, weelasha yaryar

doonyood oo yar yar, doonyo webiga iyo maraakiibta ku qalabeysan yahay fasalka, sida caadiga ah, mid ka mid ah baabuurta. Awooda engine naaftada waxay noqon kartaa kala duwan, taas oo ku xidhan ujeedada taas oo markabka waxaa loogu tala galay. Doomaha leeyihiin matoorada qaado-up, iyo socodka, dalxiiska iyo safar Jaha matoorrada xawaare yar yahay. Weelasha gaaf adeegga xeebaha sida caadiga ah waxay leeyihiin laba matoorada naaftada arrin culus-waajib, mid ka mid ah kuwaas oo si joogto ah ku hawlan oo labaad ayaa la demin sida loogu baahdo.

matoorada naaftada Marine waayo, weelasha yar waxaa loogu talagalay rakibaadda go'an. Waxay u muuqdaan in ay noqon is haysta oo hufan, iyadoo la isticmaalayo khayraadka sare. matoorrada motor caadi ahaan shidaalka, tan iyo markii ay awood u xawaaladaha degdeg ah.

shidaalka naaftada si matoorada badda

Waayo, hawlgalka xasiloon oo warshad koronto on markabka waa lagama maarmaan in la isticmaalo shidaal tayo sare leh (shidaalka naaftada). Its haboonaanta waxaa lagu go'aamiyaa shuruudaha soo socda:

• falkaas,
• caabiga qaraxa;
• Tirada cetane;
• Halabuurka jajab;
• dhameystiran sari, heerka uu sentigiiba, sumoobo,
• nafwaayay iyo cufnaanta, sida factor ee sahayda caadiga ah nidaamka;
• guryaha heerkulka yar yahay, taas oo go'aan ka hawlgalka;
• heerka khayroon daahirnimo,
• dhibic flash, eegaysana ee ammaanka ee codsiga,
• joogitaanka xeryahooda baaruud, macdanaha, iyo Consort roodhida sida kiciya formation carbon.

kala soocidda Shidaal:

• International - fo, HFO, MGO, MDO, IFO 380, IFO 380LS;
• analoogga Ruush - A-62 SMT1, SMT2, F-5, DM, IAV 380;
• jajabka caadiga ah Ruush - nafwaayay ku yar, ku nafwaayay dhexdhexaad ah,-ku nafwaayay sare, iftiin weyn oo culus.

heerarka aasaasiga ah qaatay in Russia, sharciyeynta tayada shidaalka naaftada for matoorada badda:

• xagaaga "A" - waxaa loo isticmaalaa heerkulka a kor ku eber darajo Celsius,
• jiilaalka "W" - waxaa loo isticmaalaa at heerkulka ilaa 20 digrii oo taban,
• Arctic 'A' - heerkulka ilaa 50 degrees Celsius laga jaray.
• shidaalka markabka ku nafwaayay ku yar - dhigay tu 38,10;
• Brand DM - category ugu sareeya, waayo, matoorada markabka low-xawaaraha;
• saliidda shidaalka dhufays F-5 - soo saaray sida ay GOST 05/10/85, saliidda shidaalka dhufays F-30, F-180, F-380 - macmalay by tu 0252-003-2905.

Nidaamka shidaalka ee engine naaftada badda

Quudinta shidaalka doonni rakibo tamarta iyadoo loo adeegsanayo nidaamka shidaalka ee matoorada waaweyn iyo kaabayaal ah. Oo ay weheliso shaqada ugu muhiimsan ee nidaamka waa inay hubiyaan in:

• loading shidaalka galay taangiyada ee salka iyo kaydinta;
• shidaalka oo daahirinta ka nijaasta ahaa oo biyo ah,
• haddii loo baahdo - ku nozzles qaboojinta;
• separation of shidaalka.

Shiidaalka qalabka dhaweynta barriga qaadeen sagxad ah ee dhuumaha taas oo uu leeyahay laysku xidho ee labada dhinac. On maraakiibta rakaabka qaadashada shidaalka ku dhacdaa qaar ka mid ah meelaha go'doonka ah. shidaalka la ajiibay kaydiyaa taangiyada iyo taangiyada kumpuyuutarka saarnaa isku xidhan. Dhammaan caagadaha waxaa ku rakiban yihiin dhuumo waayo shubto, oo midba midka kale nuqul, on dhacdo failure of mid ka mid ah. Ka hor inta sii daayo markabka on safar on board fuliyay kala shidaalka iyo nadiifinta, ka dib markii taas shidaalka waxaa loogu shubaa qalabka taangiga.

Gargaarka matoorada badda

unugyada Energy Diesel ayaa la soo saaray tiro sida in loo raad raaco ay kala duwan suurtogal ma aha. Loo yaqaan saarayaasha engine, waayo, badda weyn iyo maraakiibta badweynta socda - waa:

• Diesel Scan (Croatia).
• Mitsubishi (Japan).
• Hyundai (South Korea).
• Lombardini Marine (Italy).
• Wartsila (Finland).

category A gooni ah waxaa ka mid ah matoorada naaftada badda "YaMZ" soo saaray Yaroslavl Motor Plant. matoorada Diesel "YaMZ" barakac dhexdhexaad ah badda ugu heli karaan shirkadaha Dhismaha maraakiibta Ruush, iyo qiimaha iyo tayada.

Repair markabka Quwadda

engine kasta oo hoos load joogto ah, waxaa jira a farsamooyinka wax soo saarka dabiiciga ah si tartiib ah ku xoqeen ayay dusha. Fogaato ama waxaa loo baahan yahay hadda ama maarmo. Shipowners ay isku dayayaan in ay dayactir ku barta, on iyaga u gaar ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ma had iyo jeer suurto gal, maxaa yeelay, in bedel lagu qaybo madhay inta badan u baahan tahay qalab gaar ah iyo shaqaale u qalma. Xaaladdan oo kale, engine la kala dhantaashay oo u soo diray inuu soo saaraha.

Dayactirka engine naaftada markab qaadataa dhowr bilood, haddii ay taasi ku Markabka waa caajisiin. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, mulkiilaha waxaa laga yaabaa in engine a gurmad, kaas oo la geliyo halkii tallaalka. Sidaas daraaddeed iska ilaali karaa korontada ku khasab ah, taas oo ah mid aad u qaali ah.

kooxda markab

Ka mid ah matoorada badda leeyihiin kooxda heysata horyaalka ay. The engine naaftada badda ugu weyn - model Wartsila-Sulzer-RTA96-C. Made in shirkadda Finnish. Habka horumarsan iyada oo la tixgelinayo-duwanaansho badan ee khadka ku jira noocyo dhawr ah. Order superdvigatel noqon kartaa qaab 6 ama 14 dhululubada. Doorashada ka dhigaysa macaamiisha ah lix bilood ka hor bilowga shaqada.

Dhaleen ka Rafaa tani waa 960 mm. awoodda Engine - 109 kun oo litir. a. weelka badda An leh si fudud uu yeesho xawaaraha baabuurta ee 46 kiiloomitir saacaddiiba.