Mashiinka ugu horeysay ee taariikhda

Shaki kuma jiro, baabuurka waa mid ka mid ah hindisooyin badan oo faa'iido leh ee nin, laakiin dhammaan darawallada ma oga kan iyo wixii sanadkii mishiinka ugu horeysay ee la Been abuurtay.

In adeegayaasha ah Vlaamse 1672nd fog Ferdinand Verbiest ee Shiinaha waxaa lagu dhisay engine uumi. Waxa uu eryi karin baabuur toy ah, taas oo hindisa ayaa soo bandhigay in ay gooyo Shiinaha. Oo in kastoo gaariga ma qaadan karaan rakaab ah ee sheekada, wuxuu ahaa labada mashiinka ugu horeysay la engine uumi ah.

Oo gaari is-gano cusub waxaa la abuuray 1769th. Its qoraaga ahaa reer France Nikolas Kyuno, kuwaas oo taariikh ka dhigay sida hindisa ugu horeysay ee gaari is-baasuuke ah. Mashiinka kowaad wuxuu ahaa waqti isku mid ah noocooda iyo engine ah, iyo wheelchair is-gano. Constructor yeedhay maaxdey "baabuur dab", sida asal ahaan waxa loogu talo galay in la isticmaalo marka madfac duqeeyey.

Waxa xiiso leh, avtotelezhku abuuray Cugnot la eryay by uumi, iyadoo qalabaysan hal wheel la mid drive ee hore.

Mashiinka hore wuxuu lahaa awood ah hooras laba kaliya, si kastaba ha ahaatee, inkastoo sida, si ay u meel dhexaad ah gelin, ma aha caddaymaha cajiib ah, waxaa kor u overclocked ilaa shan kilomitir saacaddii. Xaaladdan oo kale mashiinka is-gano uu leeyahay awood load of sida ugu badan shan tan a.

Mashiinka kowaad, kaas oo la Jaha la engine sari gudaha - waa Motorwagen, taas oo constructor ee Karl Bents. Waxaa la xiranayo horraantii 1886-kii, oo hore u dhawaad ah sanad arkay at saaxiibtinimo taasoo ka dhacday Paris. Laakiin si ay u wac buuxa ay qalad noqon lahaa, waayo, kaasu waa mid aad la mid ah bishkleetiga saddex lug leh la unit in xoog gudbiya jar si giringirihii gadaal ah. mashiinka ugu horeysay ee shan iyo toban kiiloomitir waxaa kala firdhiyey oo lahaa engine biyo-qaboojiyey a.

Waxay qaadan kartaa on board laba rakaab ah ay. Xirmada waxaa ka mid ah wheel a isteerinka caadadiisu-lever, kaas oo ahaa mid dhib badan in la xakameeyo.

Motorwagen soo saaray muddo toddobo sano ah, iyo in alla intii shan iyo labaatan baabuur la iibiyey inta lagu jiro xilliga this.

Gaadhiga ugu horeysay ordaya on baatrool, dad badan oo laga soo amaahday hababka kale ee gaadiidka, sida paromobil, qaadee faras-barbaro, baaskiilka, qaadee, laakiin ay lahayd mid ka mid feature soocayaa weyn - engine baatrool ah, aad dhaqaale iyo is haysta. Waxa la abuuray by Zigfrid Austria ee Markus, kuwaas oo fikrad ah la isticmaalayo sida baatrool shidaalka mar ku dhuftay, markii uu si qalad ah dab loogu dejinta tacsida hawada la benzoparov content sare. Isticmaalka xoog iyo awood uu qaraxa ka abuuray engine ee dunida ugu horeysay in waddaa on baatrool, qotomiyey on Siegfried baabuur ah banal, iyo toban sano ka dib uu ka beddelid gaari kaamil ah loogu talagalay.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, inkastoo xaqiiqda ah in nin birta ee saaxiib wanaagsan ee ay leedahay taariikh hodan, waxaa la qiyaasayo in mishiinka hore - waa maaxdey ah injineer Jarmal Benz iyo Daimler. Waxay qaadatay labaatan sano si ay u abuuraan engine ah ku haboon gaadiidka rakaabka iyo kuwa xamuulka. Taasi Benz abuurtay carburetor ah, ayuu waxaa lagu tiriyaa la qoray ee farsamo xajin iyo fikradaha.

Daimler iyo Benz waxay bilaabeen inay soo saaraan baabuur, iyo siddeed sannadood ay u suurtagashay in ay iibiso 69 mashiinada, oo ay ku jiraan afar-wheel "Velo", iyadoo engine laba-dhululubo iyo Taayirada pneumatic.