Malina: fasalada for Siberia. Description, gaar ahaan laga beerto iyo dayactirka

Yaa uusan ku riyoodaa in la bilawga xagaagan dhadhan raspberries udgoon? Tani waa berry ugu caansan ka mid ah beeralayda hiwaayadda. Waxay ka hadli karaa weligiis ku saabsan noocyada, beero, beerashada, dhadhan iyo midab of midhaha. Iyo sida dhadhan iyo macaanka caafimaad waa miro guduud!

Kaliya nolosha gaaban midhahan: noocyo ay caadiga midho u dhali in dhexe ee xagaaga, sanadkiiba hal mar - waxay ku xiran tahay kala duwan iyo gobolka kordhaya. Laakiin waxa taageerayaasha Raspberry ku nool Siberia iyo rabto in aad u berry this koraan?

Wakhti aan sidaa u ago waxaa la rijeynaya by breeders "Siberian" miro guduud - noocyo in Siberia, si gaar ah loogu talagalay kordhaya ee gobolka this.

macluumaad guud oo ku saabsan raspberries

Raspberry waa ka wakiil ah qoyska Rosaceae Luss - Rosaceae, panulirus Rubus L. geed Tani dilka ah isagoo ah nolosha wareegga gaabisay qaybaha geedka aboveground. nidaamka xididka waa rootstock ah oo qaba oo xididdada adventitious badan in la kordhiyo si qoto dheer ah 40 cm.

sprouts rhizome wuxuu ku siinayaa laba nooc oo ah taranka iyo bedelkiisa. qayb ka mid kor ku xusan-dhulka geedka waxaa lagu soo koraya ee laba wareegyada: caleemaha hal sano koraan dib sannaddii kowaad ilaa SNAP dayrta qabow ah, oo ah sannaddii labaad waxay ku siin beergooyska, wada qallajin iyo saaro.

Waxaa la ogaaday in dhalidda miro guduud waxay ku xiran tahay height iyo dhexroor looga cararana sare ee afkoda, laamaha midho ka sii badan iyaga sameeyeyna on, oo sidaas daraaddeed, ugu weyn dhalidda. Sidaa darteed, waa in aad si dhakhso ah is ogow of abuurayo xaaladaha aan fiicnayn si kor loogu qaado horumarka iyo koritaanka of caleemaha cusub.

Maxay noqonayaan cultivar miro guduud for Siberia ah

Malina uma baahna daryeel gaar ah, si kastaba ha ahaatee, in dhirta tani waa arrin u nugul qabow, taas oo yaraynaysa suurtagalnimada ee ay beerayo meelaha ay cimiladu aad u adag. Sidaas, ka hor inta aadan qaadan on beerista dalagga this, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah inaad wax ka barato noocyo in ay yihiin ugu wanaagsan ee aduu ciidda iyo cimilada xaaladaha gobolka, kaas oo la abuuri doonaa raspberries. Fasalada for Siberia waa in ay ahaadaan, dhammaan ayuu ka sarreeyaa, qabow u adkaysta, darajo baaluq ka hor bilowga cimilada qabow iyo adkaysi u cayayaanka iyo cudurada.

Waayo, miro guduud beerista guul, loo baahan yahay qiyaastii 75 maalmood oo ay ku heerkulka buuxda ka badan 10 ° C, iyo tilmaamayaasha firfircoon ee heerkulka celceliska ka 1600 si ay u 1800 ° C. In galbeedka Siberia ay ay buuxiyaan sharuudaha gobollada ku yaalla koonfurta khadka juqraafi Khanty-Mansiysk, Krasnoyarsk. In Siberia Eastern yihiin meelaha yar yar ee Selenga Basin ah, Angara iyo Yenisei, iyo Bariga Fog ku haboon yahay beerto ku dhowaad dhammaan of weysada Amur River.

miro guduud Siberian

Raspberry si xun ula tacaalo qulqulka hawada qoyaanka aad u yar yahay: sorokaprotsentnoy at huurka qaraabo ah in ka yar 40%, iyo bilaabo waxa loogu yeero "hawada qalalan" a, waa kaas oo aan xitaa saameeyey waraabiyo carradu. Waxay keenaysaa in hoos u dhac weyn ku soo dajinno Biyaha iyo nooca berry foolxumayn.

Marka laga Urals koonfureed, Siberia iyo Bank Bidixda ee Volga ah, gobolladan si weyn u saameeyeen qallayl-dhaafka ah ee cimilada qaaradda.

Breeders ayaa la rijeynaya in si gaar ah loo habeeyey si ay xaaladaha adag ee raspberries. Fasalada for Siberia, kuwa ugu caansan ee gobolka waqooyiga, kuwa soo socda:

• Horseedaya Siberian - fasalka la eego heerka berry ku fulan;
• Early macaan - miro guduud ku fulan si fiican u qaada ah oo dhaxan Siberian,
• Barnaul - fasalka dhaxan superstoyky;
• Abaalmarinta - nooc Hardy of berry macaan,
• Gift Siberia - berry madow Dhexe-jiilaalka-Hardy kala duwan, sare u adkaysata cudurka,.

SHURUUDAHA sii kordhaya

Of berry oo dhan miro guduud oo keliya waa kuwa ugu adag in joogitaanka iftiinka. Wax soo saarka kordhiyaa caleemaha ay horumar iftiinka. Si arrintan loo sameeyo, fuliyaan falinjeeerka, caadi iyo xulayo nidaamka taageerada aan fiicnayn. Raspberries in ba'an beerta si ay u qoyaan iyo ciidda ma dhaqmayso la'aanta ah ee qoyaan. Muhiimadda ugu weyn waxaa ku lifaaqan korsiiya in xilli hore sii kordhaya.

Raspberry, qoondeeyo ba'an dheeraad ah si ay u qoyaan, in waqti isku mid ah uma dulqaataan loo baajiyey u daran. biyo xad-dhaaf ah ee ciidda keenaysaa in dhimasho iyo xididdadiisa la'aan oxygen hoos koritaanka caleemaha waa raagay gabowga of unugyada. Geedaha isla hoos iska caabin qabow iyo wax soo saarka. Waxaa intaa dheer, tirada pathogene koraa dhulka qoyan.

Raspberries sidoo kale waa mid aad u culus ka kooban tahay farsamo iyo ciidda bacrin ah, halkaas oo uu korayo. Ma jiraan wax ka khayr badan ay u aasaan raspberries in la gudboon wax yar acidic dhexdhexaad ah leh dheecaan wanaagsan yahay.

Sida loo doorto site a beeritaanka

goobta, taas oo ay go'aansadeen in ay doortaan for raspberries beerto, waa in ay buuxiyaan shuruudaha soo socda:

1. Suurad wacan u dhow kaydka nidaamka qalabka waraabinta (ama vodoskvazhiny).
2. content humus, looga baahan yahay ka leexsan saareen waa in gudahood 8% in carradu imaanshada acidic ama dhex-dhexaad ah.
3. Geyi-waa in ay si fiican u permeable iyo isku mar vlagoemok. Si arrintan loo sameeyo, waxaad samayn kartaa kiinnee iyo hoeing.
4. Heerka biyaha ciidda degaanka waa in aanay noqon mitir ka badan hal iyo badh ka dhulka, sida miro guduud dhalmo hawlgeli dhaawici qoyaan xad-dhaaf ah, iyo daadad guga - gaar ahaan. Waayo, beero ma aha tooyska habboon iyo dhulka. Intaa waxaa dheer, goobaha qalafsan boosas mass hawada, taas oo yaraysa habka kala iibsiga gaaska iyo keenaysaa in horumarinta fangaska iyo baraf jiilaalka.
5. doorka A weyn ka ciyaaray in aagga of ilaalinta dabayl, gaar ahaan inta lagu jiro daba jog ah oo midho ah laamaha buuxnaanta.

Features of beerista

Mid ka mid ah iyo meel ka mid ah ay duurka miro guduud dhali karaa goosta wanaagsan oo qiyaastii siddeed sano. this Behind yimaado, sida ay yidhaahdaan, "daal ciidda." Waxaa lagu muujiyay in xaqiiqda ah in kaydka nafaqo lagu dhammaaday, halka nidaamka xididka waa da 'ah. Intaa waxaa dheer, oo faraqyo ururayaa kala duwan ee sheyga pathogenic, iyo miro guduud dekedda.

Description of xal u ah dhibaatada waxaa ka mid ah nidaamka rogista cajaladda dalagga kala duwan:

1. xoqayaa in Bookmark sameeyey nus ka mid ah aagga loo qorsheeyay. Ka dib markii afar ama shan sano beero dhaqaaqaa qeybtii labaad, iyo is gilgilo ugu horeysay.
2. Waayo, meelaha ku filan badan oo ka leexsan ee fasaxa cusub sano. Tani waxay xaqiijineysaa helitaanka kooxaha da'da oo dhan iyo markeeda a joogto ah.
3. Iskhilaafka of raspberries beerto, khudaarta (Solanaceae marka laga reebo) iyo "uumiga".

Best of dhan dareemi doontaa raspberries on banka leh buuro celcelis ahaan iyo dhaadhacyadii tur, oo ku yaalla waqooyi-galbeed ama dhinaca galbeed.

Daryeelka ee geedo

Tan iyo raspberries dhirta iyo ka iibsan geedo iyada u leeyihiin in ay, sida caadiga ah, waqtiyo kala duwan, waa mid aad u muhiim ah in aad wax geedka, waxaa si ku meel gaar dropwise ama ugu tuman oo hoos u, daawashada in nidaamka xididka waa la ma la qalajiyey la'aan compaction ciidda.

usha Raspberry aan la qoondeeyey ah qaybaha anteenada dhaxan weyn. Afkoda inta badan noocyo darto xataa laga jaray 28 ° C. Sidaa darteed, in Siberia iyo Urals ah, waana in ay daboolaan qaboobaha. Sida caadiga ah, ee Urals iyo Western Siberia waa foororsaday filan afkoda dhulka ku leh ay seeding barafka. In Bariga Fog iyo Eastern Siberia la keenay si ay u daboosho ciidda (by jidka beeraha canabka ah).

The dushooda ku afkoda on duurka of raspberries, sida caadiga ah, ma keeni goosashada buuxa fuliya, laakiin kharashka on ubax iyo formation of nafaqooyinka kelyaha. Waxaa intaa dheer, waxay inta badan wax yar ka barafoobin. Maxaa yeelay, iyagu waa in la iska isla markiiba la jaray ka dib markii dhirta ay ka soo isu suuris.

Hababka content u dhexeeya saf

Degree ee qoynta leexsan waa arrin koowaad ee hayirin daryeelka hannaanka xulashada, taas oo u baahan miro guduud. Description of technology for removal of qoyaan iyo badbaadin sida soo socota:

1. Meesha uumiga waxaa sida caadiga ah ku qaadeen goobaha ay ka dhexeeya oo isku xigta grassing, in uu yahay, la beero oo u dhexeeya saf oo doog gaar ah. miisaanka sheet Its kordhiyaa ka kaxayntu ay of qoyaan xad-dhaaf ah, iyo siisaa hab biyo-hawo wanaagsan ee lakabka carrada, halkaas oo xididada ku yaalaan. Sidaa darteed, xitaa qoyan, roob u dhexeeya saf mar dhoobo iyo gaysto.
2. la'aanta ah ee qoyaan ama uumi-dhaafka ah ee ay ku walaaqaya oo kale caws buu gamcihiisa. lakabka walaaqaya Bright guud ahaan leeyahay heerkul ah dhawr digrii ka hooseeya heerkulka hawada. Sidaas daraaddeed taasu waxay dib markii qorraxdu dhacdo, qoyaanka hawada Uumiga iyo soo laabtay ciidda. Taasi waa, a ee loo yaqaan sariiraha "waraabka qalalan".

Sidoo kale midabka iftiin walaaqaya ka tarjumaysaa fallaaraha qorraxda ee, siinta saf iftiin hoos ku, in uu saameyn ku faa'iido on sida koraya miro guduud ah - noocyo u baahan tahay caymiska dheeraadka ah ee Siberia.

ururka beerto

beerto iibsaday, waqti in la qaado qayb burburo. Leexsan u qaybsan yahay strip-saf, isku dayayaan in ay ku hanuunin guud ahaan dhaadhacyadii, (waayo qaybo badan) iyo dhaqdhaqaaq ballaaran oo dabaylo loo kasin. Sidoo kale waa la jecel yahay in cabbiri taxanaha waqooyi ilaa koonfur, kaas oo awood u Nuur uniform of duurka on dhinacyada oo dhan by tiro ka mid ah, oo tan oo iyana waxay leedahay saamayn togan ee ay wax soo saarka.

raspberries beerto ee Siberia noqon kartaa dayrta iyo guga labada. Wakhtigan, aad samayn karto oo aan waraabka, waa qoyaanka dabiiciga ah.

Iyadoo ku xiran xaddiga shaqo aad gacanta ku qaadi kartaa degtey, haddii degaanka ee ka leexsan meeshii uu ka yar yahay hal hektar, ama matoorada, haddii in ka badan.

Haddii la beero waa la fuliyay gacanta, ugu horeeyay ee taxane ah yihiin biin oo u dhexeeya silig tensioned ama xadhig. Next waa beerto ee ku xoortay geedihii Wehel, ie laba ka mid ah iyo sidoo kale. Inta u dhaxaysa ceelasha dib laba cagood iyo dhulka on god soo socda ku dhacaan xididdada hurda ee geedo ka mid ah la soo dhaafay.

noocyo Stam for gobolka qabow

Guud ahaan, qayb ka mid ah waxa loo yaqaan boles soo afjaro in la arki karo dhulka laanta ugu horeysay. Bole laha laamood dhinac iyo caleemaha. Iyadoo la tixgelinayo berry 'Shtambovji "name of kala duwan ee ay ka dhigan tahay in warshadda ayaa jirridda xoog leh oo uma baahna in la xidhan, Dhisnayn ama taageero.

Baxso Stam noocyo of raspberries - a stocky, foosto pryamorosly isagoo height ah oo ku saabsan lix mitir. Waxay leedahay ma wilts top, qoryo cufan, iyo dadka, tani waxaa la yiraahdaa raspberries geed miro guduud.

Stam miro guduud Siberia wakiil ka duwan sida Stam-19, Fortress, Tarussa iyo kuwa kale. Waxay adag iyo qaro weyn afkoda yihiin, xilli labaad, siin aad u badan oo ay laamo miro goosashada badan. Haddii shtambe this jaray bedelka laan, geedka miro guduud ah eg doonaa geed in xitaa haddii aadan u muuqdaan hoos miisaanka dalagga. Haddii laamaha kuwan ka tago, waxay xoodaan doonaa, full of berry, laakiinse iyagu ma ay gaadhi doonaan dhulka ku.

Caleemaha in otplodonosivshie, gooyaa, sida in noocyo caadiga ah.

Koraaya raspberries remontant in Siberia

breeders baaritaano dhawaan la keenay suuq noocyo cusub, loo yaqaan remontant. Waxaa la aqoonsanayaa taxanaha remontant in - the raspberries ugu wanaagsan ee Siberia. dhirta, kuwaas oo midho u dhali kartaa labo xilli ciyaareed, laakiin inta badan ku dhaqma beerayo sannadlaha ah. dhalidda ee kala duwan, kuwaas oo ka badan fruiting caadiga ah afar ama shan jeer.

Intaa waxaa dheer, ku kala duwan remontant more adkaysi u cudur, iyo thornless ugu transportable.

Monogrades beerashada waxay bixisaa in ka dib markii beergooyska iyo bilawga ah ee uu baraf dabayaaqadii caleemaha otplodonosivshie October waa la baabbi'iyey, ama xaaqin ilaa heerka ciidda. Spring koraan laamo cusub, ka dibna habka lagu celceliyo. Waxaa muhiim ah in aad ka fogaato caga adag.

noocyo Remontant of raspberries for Siberia bandhigay a noocyo miro guduud ee xagaaga Indian, Cap Monomakh ee, Hercules, mucjiso Bryansk, geli karin, Chief, Kalashnikov iyo kuwa kale oo leh muddo Dhirta yar.

Wixii beerista si degdeg ah ee caleemaha guga ka dib markii dhalaalid dhulka daboolay wax a cover madow, oo ka dib markii shanta hablood trellis dhigay. Sida ugu dhakhsaha badan si toos raspberries - in ay si qarsoodi ah u midhahan sii kordhaya ee Siberia.

Faa'iidada iyo khasaaraha of raspberries remontant sanadlaha

Faa'iidooyinka dalagga this of raspberries waa in ka mid ah:

• ka saarida otplodonosivshie of afkoda waxay kuu sahlaysaa in ay la dagaallamaan cayayaanka iyo cudurada,
• Uma baahnid in aad si ay u daboosho qaboobaha;
• isticmaalka kiimikada la yareeyo;
• kordhiyay waqtiga isticmaalka raspberries cusub;
• noocyo looma baahna in la xidhan iyo Kuwaan Dhisnayn qalab;
• berry cufan aan u deyney, u ogolaan for qaybo badan, urur ee goosashada matoorada,
• noocyo remontant soo saaro caleemaha yar oo la bedelay iyo caleemaha, taas oo kuu sahlaysa si ay ula dagaalamaan ganaax laakiin adkayn raspberries taranta.

Faa'iida ugu weyn ee kala duwan, kuwaas oo ay tahay qiimaha sare ee geedo, ay sabab u tahay dhibaatooyinka faafinta la xidhiidha tiro yar oo nahay farcankiisa. Tan waxa u sabab xaqiiqada ah in noocyo sanadlaha remontant awoodda oo dhan waxa la siiyaa formation of baadiyaha iyo dalagyo waxa on, si ay xididada iyo sprouts aadan waqti si ay u horumariyaan.