Laser Femtosecond: description, noocyada, muuqaalada codsiga dib u eegista iyo

Aan ka hadalno maanta oo ku saabsan waxa laser ah femtosecond. Maxay yihiin mabaadiida ugu weyn ee ay howlgalka iyo sida ay u caawisaa in la saxo aragga?

Bohr ee aragtida

Marka horrantii qarnigii sagaal iyo tobnaad, sayniska ay gaareen heer ah in eegi kartaa dhismaha la eb ee, jihada cusub - physics galmada. Hawsha ugu horeeyay waxa uu ahaa si loo ogaado sida iyo sababta ay electrons yar ma dhici on xuduntii culus la eb. Aragti Previous ku salaysan isleegyo Maxwell ayaa, la murmay in kasta oo lacag dhaqaaqaan shanqarta berrinka, sidaas daraaddeed, lumiya dardar. Sayidka, electron ah dhaqaaqin kastana falagiisuu dhex agagaarka xuduntii waa in si joogto ah radiate oo ugu danbeyn ku dhacaa xuduntii. Boron jeediyay fikradda ah in electrons ee la eb noqon karaa oo keliya at masaafo qaar ka xarunta, iyo kala guurka ah oo ka mid ah heerka in kale waxaa la socda hawada ee labada ama nuugista tamarta. aragtida waxaa loo goor danbe la sharaxayo marka la eego physics galmada. Joogitaanka heerarka electron taagan ayaa jidka loo alifay this, laser ah (femtosecond a ka mid ah) furay.

saldhigyadii teori ah laser ah

Marka saynisyahano fahmi heshiis la eb ka, oo ay doonayeen in ay bartaan sida loo maareeyo gobolka electron ah. Under xaaladaha caadiga ah, electron ah, taas oo sabab qaar ka mid ah waa heerka sare ee la eb ee, oo doonaya in ay buuxiyaan heerarka hoose, haddii ay lacag la'aan yihiin. In tamarta kala guurka waxaa radiated qaab photon a iftiinka, ama photon. Laakiin guurka u dhexeeya laba heer kasta oo abuuri quanta iftiinka kala duwan. Laakiin haddii electrons badan oo isku mar ku dhaqaajiyaan ka sareeya si ay heer hoose ah, waxaa jiri doona socodka hannaanka ah photons isku mid. Codsiyada socodka this yihiin dhammaadka lahayn. Tusaale ahaan, cataract a laser femtosecond saaraysaa. The guduud yttrium doped laga helay heerka wax-u inversion dadweynaha, marka electrons u badan tahay in la soo ururiyo on heer sare ah, ka dibna dhan si wadajir ah u hooseeya tagaan. Tiirarka ugu muhiimsan ee laser soo socda:

• dheecaan ka shaqeeya (walax taas oo uu leeyahay dadka heerka rogay a);
• listo (isha taas "xaadiriyaan" electrons uruursado heer-bedelka ah);
• resonator ah ee foomka of laba muraayadaha isku midka ah (waxay yihiin kaliya kuwa photons in dhab ahaan isku jiho ah, iyo kuwa kale oo dhan waa la kala firdhiyey).

The keentay garaaca wax soo saarka waxay noqon kartaa mid joogto ah ama Discrete. laser Femtosecond, tusaale ahaan, waxaa iska leh nooca labaad.

Micro, Nano, femto

All of consoles'ka, kuwaas oo ay matalaan qayb ka mid ah oo dhan. Milli - waa a kun share wax, sida mitir. Ie millimeter - waa 10 ^-3 m. femto Horgalaha ka dhigan tahay in wax culeyskiisu yahay, ama kala ee 10 ilaa ¹⁵ jeer ka yar hal gaar ah. Iyadoo la raacayo, laser ah femtosecond ayaa garaaca wadnaha oo aad u gaaban. In taam kasta labaad xabbadood ¹⁵ karsado ^October. Maxaad sida qiimaha la maleeyn karin yar? Xaqiiqada ah in awood laser waxay ku xiran tahay sida ay u dheer electrons waxaa ururay heer-bedelka ah. Iyada oo laser korontada si joogto ah ma noqon karo sare. Laakiin gaaban garaaca wadnaha kasta, sare u dhalid. Habab badan badan yihiin, iyo yoolka ugu dambeeya ee sida garaaca wadnaha gaaban ma aha dareemi. Qaadashada nidaamka u muuqataa sida laser ah oo joogto ah. Xaaladdan oo kale, isku xidhnaan ee ku jirase aad wax soo saarka iyo xoogga waa inta ka sareeya.

cataract

Caadka - leniska ah siku. Qofka uu yeesho iin of view sida, ma laga yaabaa in ogayn, horumarinta caadka qarkiisa aragtida ardayga aan naafada. Laakiin haddii ciida ka dhacaan bartamaha ee siku, ma waxaad arki doontaa daciifisa of view, waa wax aan macquul aheyn. Sababaha ugu waaweyn ee is-beddelkaan indhihiisa, afar:

• shucaaca waxyeelada leh ee qaadasho sare;
• trauma madaxa ama isha laftiisa;
• diabetes;
• badan oo stress.

Jirka waa sababta ka mid ah - borotiin laga helo gashto ee isha uu bilaabo inuu xaqiro, muuq beelayo. Nidaamkan waxaa loo yaqaan denaturation protein. In the case of gashto halligaadda waa laga bogsoon. Markii hore, raggii odayaasha indhaha cad waxay ahaayeen gebi ahaanba ku tiirsan qaraabadooda, maxaa yeelay, waxay ahaayeen kuwa si dhab ah oo indha la '. Haddaba, si kastaba ha ahaatee, cudurka ayaa la daawayn karaa.

Daaweynta qalliinka cataract

Dhaqan ahaan, daaweynta waxaa loogu tala galay faragelinta ee jidhka bini'aadamka in uusan ku xadgudbayn ay daacadnimada, cune xanuun daaweeyaa kiniiniga iyo shaah kulul, ka gooyay farta - cadar iyo faashado.

Laakiin kiiskan, daawaynta a xagjirka ah - qaliin. Sida caadiga ah by eraygan waxa ay tilmaamaysaa nabarrada, tolay, kuwaas oo muddo dheer si aad ugu bogsiisid, xanuunka iyo khasaaraha ka mid ah qaab nololeed oo caadi ah. In the case of qaliin cataract ma baahna cabsan, maxaa yeelay, meesha la qalay sida caadiga ah waa mid aad u yar yar, 2-3 mm, ma xididdada dhiigga aan la gooyn, suuxdinta deegaanka.

Marxaladaha hawlgalka:

1. bu'da waxaa anaesthetized leh dhibcood gaarka ah.
2. Iris jeexay (la qalay wax ka badan 3 mm dherer).
3. gashto la galiyo qalab gaar ah.
4. Qalabka wuxuu u badasha siku jirkaan ayaa la emulsified.
5. emulsion waxaa la nuugo.
6. Waxaan soo bandhigi a gashto cusub oo jilicsan aan dabiici ahayn.
7. Qalabka ayaa ka soo jeeda isha.

Nidaamka socdaa qiyaastii 15 daqiiqo, ka dib markii taas oo qofka u tegi kartaa guriga qudhiisa.

Waa marxalad ka mid ah isbeddel ee siku jirkaan ayaa la emulsified isticmaalaya laser ah femtosecond. Indhaha ogyahay oo tusaale kale oo isticmaalka laser - edbinta myopia iyo astigmatism. Laakiin tani waa sheeko gebi ahaanba kala duwan.

Faa'iidooyinka laser in lagu daaweeyo cudurka cataracts

Isla markiiba wac mid ka khasaare - habkan waa qaali. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, oo isugu shabahay kale waxaa ka wanaagsan yahay hababka hore. Sida laga soo xigtay dib u eegista ah, dhar yar dhaawacan wareegsan siku, mari doonaa qaab beddelidda in emulsion ah, yar ee size of Qurub keentay, haddii loo isticmaalo in laser femtosecond hawlgalka. Reviews hawlgalka this waa mid aad u wanaagsan labadaba ka yimi bukaanjiifka oo ka dhakhaatiirta.

Waxaan hore u soo sheegnay in isticmaalka laser waa beddelo dheeraad ah oo myopia. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ilaa iyo dhawaan, qalabka kala duwan waxa loo adeegsaday hawlgalka this, iyo daaweynta ee caadka. Bukaanku waa waxa ugu muhiimsan - tayada hawlgalka, laakiin rugta caafimaadka oo bixiya adeegyo sida, jeclaan lahaa in ay qaataan on qalab aan lacag aad u badan. Xaaladdan oo kale, samatabbixinta Victus laser ah femtosecond: waxa loo isticmaali karaa in laga sameeyo saddex hawlood oo kala duwan. Xaaladdan oo kale, kaliya waxay u baahan yihiin in la beddelo goobaha.