KAZ-4540: astaamaha farsamo, photos. Baabuurta Kutaisi Automotive Plant

Horumarinta ee injineernimada farsamada ee Midowga Soofiyeeti la siiyo fiiro gaar ah. Warshad kasta oo isku dayaya in ay abuuraan baabuur casriga ah, taas oo meeshiisii qaadan doona silsilad kaabayaasha ee dalka. Plant magaalada Kutaisi, ma tegin ka isbeddellada guud iyo dhammayn shuruudaha iyo ujeeddooyinka. Samaynta Abuuray gaari xamuul ah, oo wuxuu noqday halyeeyga - KAZ-4540.

History of abuurka

In 1975, codsi ka yimid USSR Gosselhoztehniki nala magaalada GKB Balashov, kuwaas oo ku takhasusay abuuraya isjiidka in ay gawaarida iyo cagaf, iyo sidoo kale warshad Yaroslavl bilaabay horumarinta technology cusub. Hawsha ugu ahaa si ay u abuuraan a tareenada model beeraha cusub. gaari xamuul ah ayaa la moodayay in ay nooc ka mid ah link maqan, kuwaas oo ka mid ahaa ururinta dalagga oo duurka ku, ay loading dheeraad ah iyo gaadiid degdeg ah iyo dejinta.

In the 80s hore ku saleysan warshad Kutaisi la bilaabay wax soo saarka ka mid ah baabuurta drive afar-wheel cusub. The eed model cusub noqday noocooda oo ka mid ah 0215-US abuuray caadiga KAZ-608B, qalabka la casriyeeyay oo drive ordaya on laba ulahooda wareejiya.

Ka hor inta aadan bilaabin wax soo saarka taxane iyo bilowdo xamuul ah oo cusub oo ku saabsan expanses ee USSR hore, baaritaanka-buuxa ah baarka lagu fuliyay. Ujeedada this asal ahaan waxaa la abuuray 20 baabuur, kuwaasi oo ay qaadeen iyo imtixaanka waddada iyo keydka oo dhan. In 1981, goobta waxaana guul u soo dhammaystay imtixaanka ka mid ah tareenada cusub. ma samaynta ma waxaa joojin iyo ka dhigay tiro ka mid ah beddelka iyo isbedel Kiniisadaha shaqsi iyo qaybo ka mid ah qaab-dhismeedka in. Taasi waxaa xigay khibrado cusub iyo imtixaanka si joogto ah. New KAZ-4540 waxba ka wadaagaan ee lagu daydo hore ee astaanta ah "Colchis" lahaa.

Horeba January, daqiiqadii 84aad, markii dhameystirtay imtixaanka wasaaradaha, gaari xamuul ah la talinayaa in ay bilaabi galay wax soo saarka. Hal bil ka dib abuuray Dufcaddii ugu horeysay ee 500 mashiinada.

Iyada oo ku saleysan gaari this ayaa loogu talagalay iyo cagaf. Waxa uu helay cusub sixitaanka - KAZ-4440.

"Colchis"

Magacani wuxuu la siiyey in ay line-warshad wax soo saarka cagaf in Kutaisi. gaari ugu horeeyay ee mar hore ka tagay bishii August 1951. Inta badan qaybaha waxaa ka keeneen geedka loo magacaabay ka dib markii Stalin. Thanks to Junuudda ku shirkadaha Moscow iyo baabuur qashin qubka ururiyey, cagaf yar, iyo sidoo kale gaadiidka xamuulka magaca brand "Colchis". Tusaale ahaan cusub oo sawir ay yihiin kuwo aan la mid ah mid ka mid ah ee hadda jira wakhtigaas.

"4540" - model ah loogu talagalay in lagu daboolo baahida beeraha. Production ka 1985 iyo in 1998 sii waday. Muddadan, waxaan ka abuuray dhowr qeybood oo kala duwan oo xamuul ah "Colchis". feature A ee kala duwan ee KAZ-4540 ayaa goolada yar dhalaalaya orange la muraayda aad u ballaaran.

ballan

Freight KAZ-4540, oo ka dhan ah tusaalayaal kale oo ka mid ah laba ulahooda wareejiya wadista kala duwan, inta badan loo isticmaalaa in lala trailer ah ee brand GKB-8535. xidhmo Tani wakiil trailer ah ee loo isticmaalo gaadiidka dalagyada beeraha.

Tipper KAZ-4540 - Mashiinka wejiyo leh awood uu ku dejin lahayd on saddex dhinac. Iyada oo ku xidhan qalabka gaarka ah loo isticmaalo, iyo goobta uu ka mid yahay hab gaar ah. Gaariga ayaa ku qalabaysan oo dhan-wheel drive la kala optional qufulka dariiq dhexaad danbe.

design Jarida-ku laayeen ogolaanaya in ay isticmaalaan mishiinka tusmo dillaaliinta iyo dalagyo suuf. "Kolkhida" - baabuur isagoo permeability ku filan loo baahan yahay qalab loo isticmaalo beeraha, iyo awoodda ka mid ah 11 ton.

In 1990, samaynta lahaa waraaqo diyaar taas oo u oggolaan lahaa in ay qalabeeyaan qaboojiyaha gaariga, waxaa lala isticmaalaa madal xamuul ah, iyo sidoo kale in la abuuro gaari waayo, dab. Nasiib darro, horumarinta ma helin horumarinta dheeraad ah oo ku hadhay oo kaliya on warqad. "Colchis", sawir ka mid ah kaas oo la soo bandhigay hoos - waxaa ugu dalbaday in nuqul ka mid ah waqtiga mishiinka.

qol

Cab - cabover, ku yaal kor ku xusan engine ah. Qaabka waxa uu soo hagaagay awood kar iyo kordhiyo isticmaalka madal oo dhan. "Colchis" - baabuur la wheelbase gaaban oo aragti wanaagsan darawalka. Large-qol uu leeyahay meel gaar ah fadhiga, taageere iyo kariyaha-kululeeyaha. Waxaas oo dhan in lacagta la bixiyo waa qiimaha ku filan sare ku qaboowsadaan muddada dheer iyo muddada-shixnad duulimaad. In 1985, waxay ahayd tilmaame aad u wanaagsan.

In 1990 wuxuu bilaabay wax soo saarka ee version ah oo la casriyeeyay. Waxaa ku qalabeysan yahay nidaam Haydarooliga si loo xakameeyo furitaanka looxyada. Marka dajinta mid ka mid ah guddiga xisbiga shaqada si toos ah ay xirtey.

qayb xoog

Mashiinka waxaa la dhajinta on engine naaftada ah astaanta ah YaMZ-KAZ-642. Engine KAZ-4540 waxaa la dhigay wheelbase iyo waxa lagu lamaaneeyey siddeed-aalad in ay beddelaan geerka (4 gudbinta la heli karo iyo qaybiye ah optional).

warshad koronto ayaa waxaa ku yaal si toos ah kor ku xusan dariiq dhexaad hore, iyo dhammaan meydadka in ay bixiyaan gacanta, ayaa riixay weeraryahanka sida ugu badan ee suurtogalka ah. booska wadista waa ka sii sarreeyaa motor ah. Go'aanka ah in la abuuro heshiis noocaas ah ay sabab u ahayd baahida loo qabo in la kordhiyo aagga isticmaali karo on taas oo ah qalab gaadiid ah ayaa ku yaal. By kordhaya xagal bixitaanka kordhay permeability. Qorshahani wuxuu hubiyaa load qaybinta direyska labada faasas. On hore ee xisaabaha 6.12 tan oo miisaan, oo ku yaala gadaasha dambe - 6,14 m.

loading Lebis ogol yahay isticmaalka giraangiraha keli ah taayirada ballaaran, sidoo kale si weyn u fududaynta cadaadis nidaam ay gacanta ku qolalka hawada.

tabo badan ayaa la soo bandhigay marka la samaynayo KAZ-4540. Mid ka mid ah disc sida ay ahayd CV si wadajir ah, wax dheeraad ah loogu kalsoonaan karo lagu gartaa badan u dhigma spherical. xawaaraha ugu badnaan 80 km / h, laakiin awoodda load waa loo siman yahay si guud ahaan 6 m.

jiifku

Running qalabka ogol yahay mishiinka in ay u guuraan wadooyinka wasakh culus oo beeraha ka dib markii beer ku qodaya marayo. At KAZ-4540 gudbinta gaari la dhigay ilaa 8 jagooyinka, dhaqdhaqaaqa weerarka iyo laba - ka hor. Waxa uu ahaa dhisme adag oo ka kooban gear 4-xawaare iyo splitter 2 hababka.

xajin qallalan rakibay la saxannada khilaaf iyo pneumatic. wareeg ee motor la codsadaa in ay labada buundooyinka. sanduuqa kala iibsiga rakibay for quful kala duwan interaxle. La ilaaliyo iyadoo la isticmaalayo button gaar ah on muraayada ah.

ganaax dariiq dhexaad Front soo ururay oo ka ilo gaadhya iyo marinka telescopic. Rear double Jaha ilo caleen semi-elliptical.

sharafta

Drivers soo shaqeeyay on farsamada ee astaanta ah "Colchis", ayaa sheegay in model ugu guulaha ahaa-KAZ 4540. Reviews ma arrin aan shaki, laakiin isugu siyaabo badan. Faa'iidooyinka ugu wayn ee in la xuso:

- "4540" - ugu horeysay ee qashin qubka USSR ah, u abuuray si gaar ah loogu baahida beeraha.

- dayactirka Easy iyo dayactirka in ay fududahay in ku dhowaad dhammaan goobaha iyo qaababka helaan mahad.

- Excellent cross-tareen la rar ugu badnaan.

- madal loading leh saddex doorasho dejinta.

- qol cabover Full yimaa-, kaas oo ku qalabaysan technology ugu dambeeyay.

ceebaha

isreebreebka Low shaqaalaha warshadda lama ogola in la abuuro wax soo saarka ee baabuurta oo tayo leh. At KAZ-4540 ahayd tiro badan oo cillado:

- Inta badan failure ee hab ay mas'uul ka kaca ee cab ah.

- dillaac badan dheecaanada Haydarooliga iyo saliidaha isgooyska oo ka mid ah gudbinta iyo diyaarinta baabuurta.

- bamka kar ma uu karin inuu samatabbixin-beegyada uu u baahan yahay.

- Ujeedadu waxay daciif ahaayeen rivets waxaa mas'uul ka ah diyaarinta ilihii hore in ay ku yiilleen.

Faa'iidooyinka Qaar ka mid ah si xun u isticmaalka iyo wadidda aan habboonayn galay khasaaraha soo jeestay. load isku mid ah labada ulo ogolaanaya in la kordhiyo dhex, laakiin waditaan xoog u dhibaysaa sare ee joojinta mishiinka. KAZ-4540, sifooyinka kuwaas oo lagu soo bandhigay maqaal ah, ayaa weli loo isticmaalaa in gobollada qaar ka mid ah labada Russia iyo Ukraine iyo dalalka kale ee USSR hore.