Island Shumshu: description. La dagaallama jasiiradda Shumshu

Beri baa ah oo ku yaalla koonfurta of Peninsula Kamchatka ah, in qeybaha hoose oo ka mid ah Amur, Sakhalin iyo Islands Kuril ku Ainu noolaa dadkii hore. Oo barbariyiintiina Kuwani deggan yahay jasiiradda iyo Shumshu. In 1711, on this ugu northerly ee Islands Kuril soo booqday socotada ah ee Siberia Ivan Kozyrevsky. Go'idda of Cossacks, madax isaga iyo Danilo Antsyferova by, ku degay Shumshu ujeedada horumarinta iyo tiro ka mid ah goysiga Ruush in Islands Kuril ah. In sharaf Ivana Kozyrevskogo on Shumshu magacaabay bay iyo cape. Iyo xagga sharaftaba of Antsyferova jasiiradda soo socda cashar Paramushir, loo yaqaan volcano ah, oo buurta iyo Cape ah. Intaa waxaa dheer, oo magiciisa la siiyey mid ka mid ah 56 ka mid ah Islands Kuril ah.

jasiiradda ownerless

In 1787, 21 jasiiradda waxaa si rasmi ah LABAGEEDI OO in Empire Ruush ah, oo ay ku jiraan jasiiradda Shumshu. Markii hore, dalka bilaabeen inay sahamiyaan Ruush ah. Oo haddii aad xusuusataan, in xitaa ka hor wadahadalka 1792. Hokkaido ma ahaa dhul Japanese, iyo Islands Kuril ee guud ma iska leh, waa danta arrin la fahmi karo in dadka ganacsatada Ruush si xaq ah in qof kasta oo meelaha aan ku lug. Laakiin Romanovs oo dhan, laga bilaabo Catherine II, ma aanan soo bandhigin in ay Bariga Fog xiiso lahayn, oo waxaa loo xaqiijiyay by sale ee Alaska.

Shuruudaha iyo jasiiradaha laga badiyay

Ka dib guuldaradii of Russia ee Russian Japanese-Dagaalkii 1904-1905, Islands Kuril iyo koonfurta Sakhalin tago in Japan, iyo gobolka Sakhalin hadda waxaa loo qaybiyaa laba qaybood. In 1945, Mareykanka iyo UK ayaa u soo jeestay in Midowga Soofiyeeti la codsi ay u soo galeen dagaalka ka dhanka Japan. USSR yaboohay loo sameeyo si sax ah saddex bilood ka dib beddelkeeda soo laabashada South Sakhalin iyo Islands Kuril ah. Our dalka ayaa ay hadalkayga xajiyeen.

sameeyey caan

Oo markaas saaxadda taariikhiga yimaado codeeyay Shumshu hore laga soocay Kamchatka 1aad Kuril Strait, balladhkeedu markan waa 11 kiiloomitir. Laga soo bilaabo dariska ah Paramushiro Shumshu kala Strait eponymous 2nd, kuwaas oo width - 2 keliya km.

Description of jasiiradda bilaabi kartaa iyadoo dhinacyo. Oo dhererkeedu yahay 30 km, width - 20. Waa ugu hooseeya oo dhan 56 jasiiradaha. Waxay leedahay qadar yar oo ah meydadka biyo nadiif ah, ee ugu weyn taas oo la odhan karaa Big Lake. Lake iyo Majachnaja - laba Wabiyadan socota dhulkeeda, meel loo siman yahay 388 mitir oo laba jibbaaran loo marayo. km. Dhibcood ee ugu sareeya ee jasiiradda oo gaartay 189 oo mitir heerka badda, iyo waxa la yidhaahdaa waa Mountain High. Magaca Ruush Plain oo fudud. caanka Waa maxay ayuu? Ciidamada Soviet caga hawlgalka halkan fuliyay in bisha August.

heerka ugu dambeeya oo ka mid ah War Soviet-Japanese

On jasiiradda this, ka qarxay dagaal ugu dambeeyey ee dagaalkii labaad ee dunida, taas oo qayb ka taangiyada qaadeen, oo waxay ahayd mid aad u calool adag. La dagaallama jasiiradda Shumshu galay hawlgalka degtey Kuril ah, taas oo ka 18-ka socday in 1-dii September. Ujeedada howlgalkan ayaa ah - qabashada Islands Kuril ah. Waxay ku qaatay ciidamada 2aad Far Eastern Front, amray by Guud ee Ciidamada M. A. Purkaev iyo Fleet Pacific, madax Admiral I. S. Yumashev. Waxaa horay loo fuliyay qalliin lagu guuleystey in Manchuria, taasoo gabi ahaanba gubtay , Army Kwantung ah. xoreynta oo dhamaystiran South Sakhalin dhamaaday weerar jihada in. horumarka waxay ku abuuray xaalado aad u wanaagsan, waayo dhaafitaan ka Kuril Islands Japan.

Military ee jasiiradaha

On jasiiradda waqooyi ee Shumshu ahayd saldhigga ugu weyn ee ciidamada badda ee Japan Kataoka, kaas oo u diray maraakiibta Japan in ay qabsadaan Pearl Harbor. halkan ahaa iyo runways Airporka oo lagu sii raagayaan in maalmood our, iyo xitaa in ay 90s ee qarnigii la soo dhaafay waxaa soo caga fogaadaan Elizovo (Kamchatka) diyaarado L-410 - 19-kursi aviamashiny mataanaha-engine for diyaaradaha maxaliga ah.

Ciidamada Soviet isku hallaysay weerar lama filaan ah, ujeedada taas oo ahayd jasiirad Shumshu - xad iyaga, iyo abuuritaanka Waa goobtii ka sii hanashada Paramushiro, Onekotanom iyo jasiiradaha kale, mid kasta waxa ay ahaayeen ciidamada Japan. Waxaa lagu howlan yahay in 80 kun oo askari, dhisay 9 airfields in meel karo oo ku saabsan 600 diyaaradaha.

qalcaddayda xulk

Si toos ah jasiiradda Shumshu ahaa taangiyada 60, 11 ka tirsan shelf Panzer 100 qalab, iyo kun Garrison tiriyey 8.5 Man.. jasiiradda oo dhan waa hal nidaam weyn deyr daafaca. Bakhaarada, isbitaalada, Quwadda iyo xarumaha isgaarsiinta lagu aasay at qoto dheer ah 50-70 mitir. Inta badan qoryaha ay si fiican ku qarsoon, oo amarka Soviet ma lahayn fikrad kasta oo ku saabsan, laakiin weli waxaa jira shay badan oo been ah. Jeelal la taaban karo oo keliya jasiiradda la dhisay 300 unug, qaab-dhismeedka difaaca anti-hawada laga dhisay xeebta in ay 3-4 km gudaha.

suddenness ee weerarka ahayd lagama maarmaan, maxaa yeelay, by wakhtigan Midowga Soofiyeeti inkastoo ayaa heshiis la Maraykanka on laabashada buuxda ee Islands Kuril iyo koonfurta Sakhalin gaadhay, laakiin dib u dhac ugu yar kor shaqada ee jasiiradda kasta oo ay ciidamada Mareykanka. Gaar ahaan in Hirohito, boqor Japan, weli August 15 amray in ciidamada si ay isugu diyaariyaan dhiibin inta badan Americans. suddenness ee weerarka, dhigay wadnaha hawlgallada ciidamada Soviet, guud ahaan, xaq, marka laga reebo, mar kale, askari Soviet dilay inta lagu guda jiro qabashada jasiiradda waqooyiga.

qayb ka mid ah Ciidamada Soviet

At dhulka, taas oo ahayd in ay digniin jasiiradda Shumshu ah, waxaa ka mid ahaa ku dhowaad wax kasta oo waxay hantiyeen aagga daafaca reer Kamchatka. Kooxda sheer ka koobnaa 8.3 kun. cannons Military iyo madaafiic lagu tiriyey qadarkuu of 118 unug, iftiinka iyo qoryaha machine guns ahaayeen in ku dhow 500 oo gogo '. Kooxda Amphibious laftiisa ayaa waxa loo qaybiyay ah hormuudkii iyo labada kala qaybsanaanta oo ka mid ah ciidamada ugu weyn. Intaa waxaa dheer, 64 ka mid ah markabka iyo markabka, oo ay ka mid sweepers, anigaa layers, batari sabayn, weelasha gaadiidka, doomo ilaalo iyo maraakiibta, doonyaha toorbiidyo iyo farsamada degtey, waxay ahaayeen si ay u taageeraan weerarka. Armada Tani ayaa sidoo kale kala qaybiyey 4 qaybood - go'idda taageero madaafiic, koox gaadiidka maraakiibta amphibious is maqiiq iyo wehel. Taageerayaan horyaalka Soviet weerar isku qasan hawada ah 78 diyaaradda iyo 130-mm batari xeebta ku taalla Cape Lopatka. Shumshu Island (on map ka, hoos ku qoran, waxaa si cad u arkay) waa mid aad u dhow in ay hal dhibic ka dhacay m. Majarafad.

Marines ka dhanka ah taangiyada

Waa in la ogaadaa in askartii aan la eryay oo aan ka qayb qaatay dagaalka, oo ay ciidamada ka hor galbeedka aan la cararay, maxaa yeelay, hawlgalada gaarka ah u adag. Force uusan ku filnayn, iyo maalintii ugu horraysay ee kooxda markabka ayaa laga badiyay sagaal maraakiibta, iyo 8 ay ku dhaawacmeen. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, xisbiga hormaris ah oo ka kooban 1.3 kun. Man, aysan awoodin in ay dalka iyo in ay halkaas soo galaan ah. Oo ka mid ah 22 idaacadaha on bangiga ahaa mid ka mid kaliya. Dumaalay badmaaxa GV Musorin biyaha hoos u tegey, oo xajinaya xamuul qaaliga korkiisana badda. Guud ahaan, sida had iyo jeer, ciidamada Ruush iyo ragga baxriyiinta ah soo bandhigay mucjisada geesinimada - laba ka mid ah soo noqnoqda feat A. ku Matrosov. Dhab ahaantii, hormuudkii la khafiif ah oo keliya ku hubaysan ka dhanka ah taangiyada Japan. Sturm Shumshu noqday dhacdo muhim in koorsada hawlgalka degtey oo dhan, tub in go'aamisay guusha muhim ah Ciidamada Soviet ah, waxay ahayd xad ah ee meesha ugu sarreysa ee jasiiradda - Mountain High. Iyo Ruush badisay.

Natiijooyinka hawlgallada

On August 20 Doonniyaha Soviet marnay Kataoka aqbalo is dhiibin ah, laakiin waxaa la kulmay dab. Sida aynu Kooxda caga amarka Japanese mar kasta oo la isku raacay in ay is dhiibaan, laakiin jiido dhibtoonaya saxiixa dhabta ah. August 22 Fusako Tsutsumi, kuwaas oo ku amray ciidamada Japan, qaaday oo dhan marka la eego is dhiibin, oo maxbuuska ah ayaa isku dhiibay 20,000 oo ciidan Japanese: 12 - jasiiradda Shumshu iyo 8 - on Paramushir. Just on waqooyiga jasiiradaha maxbuus dhiibay 30 kun oo qof.

Natiijooyinka Sad hawlgalka ayaa noqday khasaaraha soo gaaray dhinaca Soviet. 1567 qof ayaa laga badiyay, kuwaas oo la dilay - 416, la'yahay (malaha maanshaynay) - 123 ku dhaawacmeen - 1028. Japanese ciidankii jasiiradda laga badiyay 1018 qof oo ku dhintay waxay ahaayeen 300.

our jasiiradda

Si dalka our dhamaadka dagaalka dhaqaaqay gabi ahaanba dhan Islands Kurile ah, iyo gobolka Sakhalin dhisay qaaday xubnaha Golaha. Japan sii wadaan in ay sheegan Kuril Koonfurta Islands, iyaga oo wacaya Dhulalka Waqooyi.

Wadahadalada ku saabsan lahaanshaha oo ka mid ah jasiiradaha, kuwaas oo dalka qorraxda soo baxna wuxuu leeyahay xuquuq u lahayn in ay ilaa iyo haatan ku fidin. Japan waa mid aad u jecel yahay, iyo in sidaas samaynaya, waxaa ku caawinaysa US inuu ku meeleeyo qiimo hodan, oo ay ku jiraan biraha rhenium dhawaanta la furay ee Koonfurta Kuril Islands. Japan iyo Russia ee dhaqanka macquul ah doonista ugu horeysay u badan tahay marna ku heshiiyaan.