Iskuxidhka Time Universal, sababta iyo sida ay u la soo bandhigay?

waqtiga ku habboon waa mid aad u muhiim ah in dunida maanta, markii laxanka nolosha ayaa u kordhay. Laakiin dhibaatada waa joogitaanka zones waqtiga kala duwan - dhab ahaantii marka dadka ka tirsan qaybaha kale ee dunida wax looga qabto, waxa muhiim ah in ay leeyihiin nooc ka mid ah bartilmaameed wax caadi ah. Si arrintan loo sameeyo, iyo waa in lagu dhafaa waqti universal. Laakiin sidee bay dadku yimaadaan nidaamka noocan oo kale ah?

Waa maxay Iskuxidhka Universal Time (UTC)?

In dunida maanta miday ugu sareeya qiimeeyo - lacagta hal, afka, iwm, laakiin hal zone waqti, galaan si fudud wax aan macquul aheyn, sababtoo ah markii mid u Safra oo ah maalintii, in kale oo ka - .. Night. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxaa jira waqti qoraxda degaanka a ee loo yaqaan, in line soo socda sida nalalka guurto guud ahaan Samada ka soo bari ilaa galbeed. Laakiin markii goobaha waa in ay jidka qaarkood ee la xiriira midba midka kale, waxay leeyihiin hal dhibic ka tixraac gaar ah. Si arrintan loo sameeyo, oo waxaa jira UTC - Iskuxidhka Time Universal. Waxa ay ahayd isaga ka kada ah gobolka, dhisiddii in saacad dhulka ay. Laakiin sidee sameeyey nidaamka noocan oo kale ah?

Taariikhda hordhaca ah ee caadiga ah hal

Markii hore aadanaha go'aaminaya markii qorraxdu soo. la joogo waxaa soo maray ay hal dhibic ka sareeya, waxaa la ansixiyay galabtii. Waa on this derejooyinkii mabda'a iyo shaqada. Laakiin habkan ma aha mid aad sax ah, marka lagu daro, horumarinta bulshada u baahan tahay miday weyn. Waqti ka, sida dhul cusub, iyo dadka ay ogaadaan in aad u baahan tahay in ay galaan goobaha waqti iyo iyaga in meesha ugu horeysa ee ujeedada navigation wada xidhxidhaan nidaam GSM, waxaa been abuurtay (Greenwich Mean Time), si loo magacaabay sabab u ah xaqiiqada ah in suusho waa la furay, by taas oo u tiriyo markii ugu dhex fiirinta ee Greenwich maray.

By habka, ka hor inta hordhaca ah ee caadiga ah this ee dalal kala duwan u isticmaalaan eber dhibcood. Paris, Russia - - Sida caadiga ah, ee loolalka celcelis ahaan haddii ay taasi ku dhex fiirinta degaanka ee France maray .. Pulkovo The, iwm, laakiin la'aanta ah ee caadiga ah hal ahaa raaxo. Oo 1884 for Meridian Greenwich ee Zero la ansixiyay. Sida laga soo xigtay isaga si, ma aha oo kaliya waafajinta soo jeedo, laakiin sidoo kale go'aan ka soo wadataa juquraafi - dhigaha.

Haddaba tani waxaa la yiraahdaa UTC caadiga ah, ama Iskuxidhka Time Universal. Si ka duwan GMT The, waxaa marka la barbar dhigo kula saacad qaaradda, iyo 2-3 sano oo kasta in wax laga beddelo miisaanka oo ah qaab "xad-dhaaf ah" ee labaad ah. Taas waxa loo sameeyaa si ay u waqtiga si aad u ah sumalka uguma soo bixin.

Calaamadaynta zones waqtiga

Time ee suusho Greenwich ee loo tiriyo. Wixii xog la ', waxaa loo yaqaan farqiga u ah isaga oo leh, in uu yahay UTC + 1, UTC-8, iyo D. sidaas on. Waxaa aan mar walba loo isticmaalo loolalka, sida mararka qaarkood waxa ay ahaan laheyd xoogaa xanibayo for zones waqtiga soocayaa. Tani, kadis ah, waxay ahayd sababta loo qaar ka mid ah qaababka aad u xiiso badan ee waqtiga ee dalal kala duwan. Laakiin tani ka dib waxaa ka wada xaajoon doonaa.

isticmaalka

Sidaas daraaddeed, markayse u caddaatay in wada shaqayn noocan oo kale ah, waxaa haboon si ay ugala hadlaan sida loo isticmaalay ee wakhtigan casriga ah. First, suusho ku eber weli waa khuseeya navigation - labadaba badda iyo hawada. Second, Caalamiyeynta ayaa ka tagay ay qorid on baahida loo qabo tixraaca waqti caadi ah. Shirka oo ku baaqay in u dhexeeya dadka ku yaalla qeybaha kala duwan ee dunida, by UTC magacaabay.

By habka, meelaha qaarkood, zones waqtiga ma run ahaantii jira. Waxaan ka hadleynaa ee Arctic iyo Antarctic ah, halkaas oo waqti ayaa keeneysa la aqbalay UTC + 0. Dhab ahaantii, cilmi saldhigyada kala horjeeda waa inay tiriyaan saacadood sida ay yihiin raaxo leh. Isla sidaas u dhaqmaan cir ee ka shaqeeya dhulka falagiisuu.

xaqiiqooyinka oo xiiso leh

System oo ay ku jiraan Iskudubaridka Time Universal, waxaa la aasaasay muddo dheer, oo sababtay in qaar ka mid ah waxaa ku jiray muuqaalada cajiib ah.

• Ma jiro decryption rasmi UTC soo gaabiyay. In 1970, marka heerkan la soo bandhigay, ka wada hadleen fursadaha TUC (.Tageerayaasha Universel Coordonné) iyo CUT (Iskuxidhka Time Universal). Sidaas darteed, waxaa la go'aamiyay in ay joojiyaan at dhexdhexaad UTC.
• Novosibirsk waxaa la aasaasay on labada bangiyada webiga, taas oo dhab ahaan waddaa on saacaddii suusho. Oo wakhti dheer in magaalada ay jiraan laba mar. Ka hor inta aan dhismaha ee 1955 ee buundada ugu horeysay aysan u keenin raaxo-gaar ah, maxaa yeelay, labada qaybood ee Novosibirsk si dhib la xiriira midba midka kale. Laakiin 1958, magaalada in ay hal waqtiga ka yimid.
• Caqli ahaan, farqiga ugu weyn ee u dhexeeya saacadaha labada dhibcood ee caalamka waa in ay 24-ka saac. Laakiin dhab ahaantii waxaa jira 26 mar zones. In Pacific, xad u dhow kasta oo kale oo waxaa jira laba Maraykanka jasiiradda: American Samoa Jasiiradaha Line. farqiga u dhexeeya saacadaha u dhaxeeya waa 25 saacadood. Oo waxaa dhacday, sababtoo ah Islands Line ah, hore u leedahay UK, qiyaasay wakhtiga ka Australian ah, oo waxay u jeediyeen UTC + 14. A Samoa UTC-11 falimihiisii kale iyadoo la raacayo kala duwan ka soo America qaaradda.
• Qaybo ka mid ah Australia mararka qaarkood muuqan zones waqtiga siman. Tan waxa u sabab xaqiiqada ah in dalalka aan dhan u guurayso ee waqtiga qaboobaha.
• Ma ahan mar walba farqiga u la Greenwich saxda ah waa tirada saacadaha. In Nepal dhaqmo UTC + 5: 45, in qaar ka mid ah magaalooyinka Australian 8: 45, iyo jasiiradaha ah ee Chatham, New Zealand + 12: 45.