History of-soo-saarka taangiga ka mid ah USSR iyo dalalka kale

Start horumarinta taangiga la bilaabay inta lagu jiro dagaalkii koowaad ee aduunka. Yaabiyo saffarro baabuur muuqday on Front Galbeed. Dagaal u dhexeeya Germany, France iyo Great Britain dhowr sano ku hadhay booska. Askarta ayaa ku fadhiistay in boholo ah, oo safka hore waxaa ku dhowaad ma dhaqaaqin. Jebiyaan jagooyinka cadowga xarumaha hadda jira ayaa ahaa mid aan suurta galayn. Jog iyo socod qasbay lugta ma siin natiijada la rabay. Taariikhda horumarka taangiga bilaabay inuu British ah ugu mahad naqa. Waxay ahayd kuwii la jiray ugu horeysay si ay u isticmaalaan oo aan lahayn analogues mashiinada is-gano.

United Kingdom

The ugu horeysay Mark taangiga British ayaan waxaan u imid in 1916, markii model ah tijaabo sii daayay in cadadka 100 unugyada dagaalka. Qaabkan wuxuu lahaa laba hab doorinta: sita qoryaha fud fudud iyo cannons. Taariikhda horumarka taangiga bilaabay la "dhaqanka ka dhigaa kaamil ah". Mark waxaan ahaa natiijo la'aan. In ka Battle of Florel ah qoryaha ma la emplacements qoriga Jarmal dagaalamaan yaabaa.

In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in taangiyada kuwa ahaayeen xasilooneyn, waxay muujisay in nooca cusub ee hubka ayaa rajada halis ah. Waxaa intaa dheer, model ugu horeysay ee uu hogaaminayo askar Jarmal aan waligood wax sidan oo kale ku farxaan arkay. Sidaa darteed, Mark aan dheeraad ah sida hub nafsi badan dagaalka loo isticmaalo.

Guud ahaan, tani British "qoyska" muuqday sagaal lagu daydo. Horumar la taaban karo waxaa lagu xusay Mark V. Waxa uu helay gudbinta afar xawaare iyo engine a haan gaar ah hoos magaca "Ricardo". Waxay ahayd model ugu horeysay, kaas oo maamula hal qof oo keliya. Waxaa jira isbedelo kale. ee doonnida isagoo leh darandoorriga dheeraad ah, iyo Taliyaha qol kordhay.

France

guulaha British waxyoonay Sokeeyaha Faransiis sii tijaabo. Taariikhda horumarka taangiga leedahay waxyaalo badan oo model ah "Renault FT-17." Faransiis The ha ee 1917-1918. (Waxaa la sii daayay ku dhawaad 4000 oo unugyada). On the oolnimada FT-17 ayaa sheegay in ugu yaraan xaqiiqada ah in ay sii waday in ay ku shaqeeyaan xitaa bilowgii dagaalkii labaad ee adduunka (labaatan sano taangiga-dhisidda - waa muddo aad u weyn oo waqti).

Maxaa sharxayaa guul noocan oo kale ah, "Reno"? Xaqiiqada ah in uu ahaa taangiga ugu horeysay in ay ahayd qaabka a classic. Control of mishiinka waxaa ka hor qaadeen oo dhanba. In xarunta ahaa dagaal qol ah. Waxay ku yaaliin dambeeya qol engine ah. xal farsamo iyo ergonomic noocan oo kale ah waa ugu fiican furay iman kara dagaalka ee FT-17. Taariikhda horumarka taangiga ay ka duwanaan laheyd hadii aan waayo mashiinka this. taariikhyahanadu intooda badan waxa ay model ugu guulaha badan loo isticmaalaa in dagaalkii koowaad ee aduunka ka fiirsan.

United States

An horumarinta taangiga American bilaabeen inay dadaalka guud ee Dzhona Pershinga mahad. Waxa uu ku yimid Europe ee 1917 la ciidamada Expeditionary of USA, ka dib markii ay dagaal Germany. Ogaha Sokeeyaha oo waayo aragnimo ah, oo ay farsamo iyo dagaal mawqifyada, taas oo aan la tuhunsan yahay in Maraykanka, guud bilaabay inuu doondoono Hanuun uu fiiro gaar ah u mawduuca of taangiyada.

Ciidamada Maraykanka ayaa soo iibsatay a "Reno" Faransiis waxayna u isticmaalaan in dagaallada Verdun. samaynta American, qaata baabuur shisheeye, lagu qabtay yar habeyn. Ka dib markii Dagaalkii Adduunka gaashaaman ciidamada Maraykanka ayaa la kala diro, sababtoo ah kharashka. Markaas dhawr sano ciidamada Mareykanka ma wax lacag ah si ay u dhisaan mashiinada cusub ma siin. Waxa ay ahayd oo kaliya 1930. yimid model ugu horeysay ee tijaabo ah oo ay wax soo saarka gaar ah. Waxay ahayd M1931 (mashiinka dagaal T11). Waxaa ma u qaatay, laakiin shaqo tijaabo samaynta American siiyey cunto loo baahan yahay fikirka hor cilmi baaris dheeraad ah.

Evolution of technology American ayaa hakad sababtoo ah Depression Great ah, halis ah rux dhaqaalaha. maalgelin dhab ah injineerada iyo samaynta in kaliya la timid bilowgii dagaalkii labaad ee dunida, marka dawladdu ay ogaadeen in laga yaabo in ay awoodaan in ay ka soo badda fadhiisan, iyo u leeyihiin in ay ciidamo u soo diri Europe ma noqon doonto.

In 1941 wuxuu u muuqday "Stuart m3 ah". taangiga Tani waxay iftiinka ayaa laga sii daayay in qadarka 23 kun oo unugyo. Tani waxay diiwaanka fasalka ayaa weli uma kala go'o. Taariikhda dunida ma ka badan oo lagu daydo taangiga soo saaray tiro sida og. "Stuart" waa ma aha oo kaliya loo isticmaalo by Ciidamada Maraykanka, laakiin sidoo kale Xulafada: Boqortooyada United, France, Shiinaha iyo Midowga Soofiyeeti hoos Lease Amaahi-ka.

Germany

Ciidamada gaashaaman ee Germany ayaa u muuqday oo kaliya in Zaman ee Reich Saddexaad. The Treaty of Versailles, gabagabeeyo dagaalkii koowaad ee aduunka, Jarmalka ka reebnay bilowdo dagaal-istaahila iyaga u gaar ah Park. Sidaa darteed, inta lagu guda jiro Republic Weimar ah, mashiinada ay Germany lahaa. Iyo kaliya in ay awood u yimid in 1933, naasiga oo ku warameyso jariirada flywheel military. At taangiyada light oo kuwii hore ka soo saaray ku hoos gambanaya arimo ah cagaf. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa ka mid ahaa in dhadhanka oo ka mid ah masuuliyiinta Jarmal inay si dhakhso ah ka soo baxay ku dhuunto. Sida isu ekaanshaha ka dhexeeya taangiga iyo cagaf, in dhaqanka la mid ah jirin in Midowga Soofiyeeti, halkaas oo in 1930. Waxaa in badan oo ka mid ah warshadaha cagaf dhisay, in haddii ay dhacdo in dagaalka si fudud bedeli kari lahaa hoos taangiga.

In 1926, Germany iyo USSR ku saxiixay heshiis kaas oo mustaqbalka ku takhasusay military Jarmal bilaabay in la tababaray in dugsi gaar ah dhow Kazan. Later lafaha this bilaabay in la abuuro tahay guriga. Waxa uu noqday taangiga Jarmal Panzer I. ugu horeysay ee model Tani waxa ay ahayd saldhig u raxan Jarmalka.

By bilowgii dagaalkii adduunka ee labaad ee Germany ahaa in ka badan saddex kun oo taangiyada, iyo in ka badan afar kun oo baabuurta ayaa waxaa diiradda hor weerarka on Midowga Soofiyeeti on Front Bari oo keliya. Jarmalka mishiino ugu horeysay culus loo isticmaalaa sida weerar. Qaar badan oo SS Panzer Division helay magaca shakhsiga ah ( "Das Reich", "Totenkopf" iyo D. sidaas on.). Inta badan oo iyaga ka mid ah ayaa la baabbi'iyey. Total dagaalka Reich Saddexaad ayaa laga badiyay oo ku saabsan 35 kun oo baabuurta. The taangiga dhexdhexaad ah oo muhiim ah Jarmal ahaa "Panther", oo culus - ". Tiger"

USSR

In bartamihii 1920-. taariikhda horumarka taangiga Soviet bilaabay. Habka wax soo saarka ugu horeysay ee Midowga Soofiyeeti soo baxday in MS-1 (magac kale - T-18). Ka hor in, at asturidda Army Cas ayaa qabtay kaliya mashiinada ku qabsadeen intii uu dagaalka sokeeye. shaqada la qorshaynayo meel taangiga culus ayaa abaabulay Marka dunida. Oo intay jeesteen ayay in 1925, markii dib markii ay kulan ku Army Cas, ciidamada go'aansaday in ay u diraan ilaha oo dhan si ay u abuuraan model yar maneuverable. Haddaba waxay ahayd MS-1, abuuray 1927,

Soon waxaa jiray taangiyada kale Soviet. By 1933, waxaa la bilaabay in wax soo saarka ee iftiinka T-26 iyo BT, tankettes T-27, T-28 dhexdhexaad iyo T-35 culus. Fuliyay tijaabo geesi. Taariikhda Soviet bilowday wax soo saarka taangiga of 1930. waxaa astaan u dhismaha taangiyada amphibious. Waxay la soo bandhigay lagu daydo oo ka mid ah-T 37. mashiinada waxay leeyihiin fur cusub. Its feature jirsado garbaha ahaayeen. Marka sabbaynaya dhaqaaqin ay bixiyaan dib.

History of-soo-saarka taangiga of USSR noqon lahaa aan dhamaystirnayn oo aan taangi dhexdhexaad ah T-28. Thanks iyaga, waxa ay noqotay suurto gal xoojinta tayada cutubyo hubka la isku daray. T-28 ah ayaa loogu tala galay in ay jebiyaan jagooyinka daafaca cadowga. taangiga miisaamay 28 tons oo sida muuqata istaagay rakibo towered hub (qori iyo saddex qoryaha darandooriga u ku jiray in).

In 1933-1939 GG. macmalay 50-ton T-35. Waxaa la abuuray sida baabuur dagaal ah si kor loogu qaado tayada weerar ee Hakadyada ee guutooyinkiisa oo qalcad ah. Waqtigaas, taariikhda horumarka taangiga Soviet galay waji cusub, sababtoo ah waa ugu horeysay ee T-35 helay hub badan oo. Its set shan munaaradaha (shan qoryaha darandooriga iyo saddex qori). Si kastaba ha ahaatee, in model this, waxaa jiray cillado - ugu horayn clumsiness iyo Boos saboolka ah ee tirada weyn. Total rasaas dhowr tobanaan T-35. Qaar ka mid ah iyaga ka mid ah ayaa la isticmaalay hore ee wareega hore ee dagaalkii ka Great Patriotic.

1930

In ka 30meeyada ee qarnigii la soo dhaafay by injineerada Soviet iyo samaynta si firfircoon sameeyay tijaabo la xidhiidha abuurista taangiga wheel-dabagal. qalab noocan oo kale ah waa mid adag jiifku mashiinka iyo powertrain, laakiin khubarada gudaha u suurtagashay in ay ka gudbaan dhibaatooyin dhan oo iyaga ka hor. Dhamaadkii 1930. Raad-taangiga celcelis ahaan la qotomiyey, oo loo yaqaan T-32 ah. In mustaqbalka, waxaa jiray halyeeyga weyn Soofiyeeti ku salaysan waxa on. Waxaan ka hadleynaa ku-T 34.

Habeeynimadii of War Great Patriotic, samaynta ugu diiradda saaray laba tayada baabuurta, awood kar iyo awood. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dagaalka sokeeye Spanish sannadaha 1936-1937 muujisay in ay lagama maarmaan tahay in la casriyeeyo iyo sifooyinka kale. First of dhan waxaa loo baahan yahay ilaalinta hubkiisa iyo hubka madaafiicda.

fikradda ah la beddelo natiijada ahaayeen degdeg ah. In 1937 yimid-T 111. Waxa uu noqday taangiyada Soviet horeysay qalabaysan hubka u protivosnaryadnym. Waxay ahayd xal weyn, keliya ma aha ee guriga, laakiin sidoo kale for warshadaha caalamka. Astaamaha u gaarka ah T-111 waxay ahaayeen sida in la loogu talagalay si ay u taageeraan ciidamada lugta ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, qaabka aan la rido-soo-saarka mass waayo, noocyo kala duwan oo sababo injineernimada. Waxaa cadaatay in ay shaqayn karto marka la eego shirka iyo disassembly of qaybaha ay sabab u tahay ganaax xidhmey iyo muuqaalada kale ee mishiinka.

taangiyada Soviet Light

Waxa xiiso leh, taariikhda USSR iyo taangiyada taangiga Soviet uga duwanaayeen shisheeye iyo tan iyo taangiyada sambabada. Meel waxayna ka jeeclaadeen ay sabab u tahay sababo dhaqaale. Midowga Soofiyeeti ahaa dhiirogelin dheeri ah. Si ka duwan wadamada kale ee taangiyada iftiin Midowga Soofiyeeti ayaa la isticmaalay oo keliya ma aha, waayo, sirdoonka, laakiin sidoo kale dagaal toos ah la leh cadowga. The mashiinada muhiimka ah Soviet noocan ah ayaa BT iyo T-26. Ka hor weerarka German, waxay tiriyaa inta badan Army Cas ee park (kaliya dhisay oo ku saabsan 20 kun oo unugyo).

Dhismaha daydo cusub oo socdey dagaalkii Great Patriotic. In 1941, waxaa lagu talagalay by T-70. taangiga waxaa la ugu soo saaray in dagaalka oo dhan. tabarruc ugu weyn in ay guul uu ka dhigay inta lagu guda jiro Battle of Kursk.

Ka dib markii 1945

Jiilkii ugu horeeyay ee taangiyada post-dagaal waa kuwuu horumarinta bilaabay in 1941-1945 iyo kuwa aan bilaabaan in ay ku shaqeeyaan hore. Tani model Soviet EC-3, EC-4, iyo sidoo kale T-44 iyo T-54. History of-soo-saarka taangiga American muddada this tegey M47, "M26 Pershing" iyo "M46 Patton." taxanaha waxa kale oo ka mid ah UK "Boqol-" ah.

daydo khafiifa by 1945, ugu dambeyntii noqday mashiinada takhasus sare leh. Sayidka, ee model Soviet PT-76 ayaa waxaa loogu tala galay in lagula dagaallamo xaaladaha biyaha, Maraykanka "Walker Bulldog" waxaa la abuuray, waayo, sahaminta, "Sheridan" waxaa loogu talagalay diyaaradaha gaadiidka fudud. In 1950-mada. bedeli dhexdhexaad iyo taangiyada culus iman taangiyada dagaalka ugu weyn (MBT). Sidaas yeedhay model multi-ujeedada, isku difaac wanaagsan iyo awood. The ugu horeysay ee askartii this bilaabay Soviet T-62 iyo T-55 iyo Faransiis AMX-30. History of-soo-saarka taangiga US ahaa sida in fasalka taangiyada dagaalka ugu weyn ee US waxay bilaabeen la M60A1 iyo M48.

The jiilka labaad ee dagaalka post

In 1960-1970-mada yimid Zaman ee jiilka labaad ee taangiyada post-dagaal. Waa maxay iyaga ka horreeyay, waxay kala? The lagu daydo cusub waxaa loogu talagalay by injineerada, marka hore, la siiyo jiritaanka technology sare anti-casriyeeyay, iyo marka labaad, in shuruudaha isticmaalka hubka burburka culus geysta.

taangiyada Kuwani heleen hubka u weheliso ka kooban hannaanka a of layers oo ka mid ah maaddooyinka kala duwan ka dhigay. In meesha ugu horeysa waxa laga ilaaliyo rasaas ka ogeed iyo wadareed. Intaa waxaa dheer, shaqaale ka hubka burburka culus geysta helay kit ilaalinta. taangiyada steel jiilka labaad qalabaysan korantada content: computer ballistic, rangefinders laser, nidaamka dab-control, iwm ...

By farsamada la mid ah loola dhaqmo T-72, M60A3, «yaabbaa" "Leopard 1". Qaar ka mid ah lagu daydo u muuqday iyadoo ay sabab u ah wax ka bedelidii qoto dheer ah jiilka koowaad ee mashiinada. taangiyada Soviet muddada ay qaab gudaheedana sinaba uma ay soo horjeeda liita gartay, oo siyaabo qaar ka mid ah kuwaas oo si weyn u dhaafay. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tan iyo 1970, waxa ay noqotay arakayo dareemi in qalabka korantada. Sidaas darteed qalabka Soviet bilowga ah ee indhaha noqday huriye. Gaar ahaan dareemi jiray habka of asalka khilaafka ku nool Bariga Dhexe iyo dalalka kale, meeshaas waxaa ku yiil dillaacay caalami ah oo dagaalkii qaboobaa.

casriga

In 1980-mada. waxaa jiray wax-u jiilka saddexaad post-dagaal. Waxay ku lug leedahay taariikhda taangiga-dhismaha Ruush. feature A muhiim ah oo lagu daydo, kuwaas oo uu noqday qalabka ilaalinta farsmada heerka sare ah. By farcanka saddexaad, waa "Lekrerki" France, "Leopard 2" Germany, "tartame" Britain, United States, "Abrams".

History of Russia calaamad mashiinada dhismaha taangi sida-T 90 iyo T-72B3. Kuwan waxaa lagu daydo rujin ee 1990-fog. T-90 waxaa kaloo loo yaqaan "Vladimir" oo lagu sharfayo sare naqshadeeye ay Vladimir Potkina. In 2000 ka, taangiga noqday fiican iibinta taangiga dagaalka ugu weyn dunida oo dhan. In wajiga of model this waa taariikhda horumarka taangiga in Russia kale jeestay oo uu page ammaan badan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, samaynta guriga ma joojin iyo sii ay guusha cilmi farsamo oo gaar ah.

In 2015 muuqday cusub ee T-14. Its feature garan steel waxyaalaha sida munaaraddii Anfaco iyo madal dabagal "Armata". Waayo, markii ugu horeysay ka-T 14 ayaa lagu soo bandhigay dadweynaha ee Parade Victory ka go'an in ay sanad guurada 70aad ee dagaalkii ka Great Patriotic. model ayaa la soo saaray "Uralvagonzavod".