Gioachino aqalkeeda ee "Barber ee Seville": kooban

Comedy by Pierre Beaumarchais 'The Barber ee Seville "iyo" The Guurka ee Figaro ", sida ay taariikhyahanadu, waxay ahaayeen oo Bishaarayn Revolution Faransiis ah, sida ay ahaayeen kuwo aad u khuseeya oo qoraal ah oo ku saabsan mawduuca oo ah maalintii. Ma aha la yaab leh in, tusaale ahaan, warkii koowaad ee riwaayadaha, kuwaas oo si joogta ah u noqday saldhig u buuga- opera ee. Gaar ahaan, in 1816 shaqo la mid ah qoraal laxamiistaha Talyaani Dzhoakkino aqalkeeda. "The Barber ee Seville" in uu version guuldareystay inta lagu guda jiro Ciyaar ah. Maanta, si kastaba ha ahaatee, qaar ka mid ah Arias shaqada this waa la maqli karaa xaflado badan oo caanka ah ee opera music.

Aqalkeeda Biography ilaa 1816

Ka hor inta sharaxaya sida opera ee "The Barber ee Seville" waxaa kooban kuwaas oo ku qoran hoos lagu soo bandhigay, waxaa haboon in la xasuusnaado oo ku saabsan kuwaas oo ahaa ay qoraaga. Sidaas daraaddeed, Dzhoakkino aqalkeeda waxa uu ku dhashay 1792 magaalada Talyaani ee Pesaro, qoyska reer Fanaanada iyo ciyaaryahanka buunka. kartidooda ayuu berrinka ku of music laga helay aad u hore, iyo waalidiinta si deg deg ah u diray wiilka inaad wax ka barato Bologna.

First opera laxamiistaha ugu da'da yar ee ( "bill guurka The," 1810) u keenay dareenka dadweynaha, iyo in ay 2 sano ee soo socota aqalkeeda gurtayna waxba kama dhinmin amarada. Dheeraad ah, ayuu qoray shuqullada "Tancredi" iyo "L'Italiana ee Algeri", kaas oo uu soo raacay by martiqaad ay u shaqeeyaan masraxa "La Scala".

Background "The Barber ee Seville"

In 1816 Dzhoakkino aqalkeeda ay heshiis kula saxiixatay Arzhentino ee Roman masraxa ka yar oo ballan-qaaday in ay qoraan opera cusub damaashaad ah. Sida laga soo xigtay dhaqanka ee hadda jira wakhtiga, buuga- lahaa in la soo gudbiyaa korsato by censors, laakiinse ciduna ma of fursadaha aan la ansixiyey. Marka wakhtiga hortiis damaashaad ku lahaa yar, fikirka laxamiistaha of comedy Beaumarchais ee "The Barber ee Seville," oo horay saddex jeer noqday aasaas u ah sheekada qaab opera on goobta Talyaani, iyo go'aansaday in aan ku garaacday Jidka, oo kaliya in ay ma jebin heshiiska.

Geedi socodka ah ee la abuurayo ee opera iyo Ra'iisul Wasaaraha

Isla marka la helo ogolaanshaha censors ah, aqalkeeda ay u tageen in ay ka shaqeeyaan iyo waxa ay dhameystirtay rikoor waqti, gaadhaya guud ahaan 13 maalmood. Sida buuga- ah, sida laga soo xigtay oo, goobta opera waa Sevilla, iyo waqti - dhammaadkii qarnigii 18aad, waxaa la qoray by Cesare Sterbini.

Tani waa sida opera ee "The Barber ee Seville," kaas oo muddo ku dhow 200 sano jiritaankeeda soo martay boqolaal saarka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, farcankii wasaaraha aqalkeeda tegey mid aad u xun. Xaqiiqada ah in in 1782 alaabta la isku story ak tirsan qoraal ah opera Talyaani Dzhovanni Paiziello, kuwaas oo in badan oo ka mid ah taageerayaasha. muuqaalka kore ee version cusub ee dambaysta ah u muuqatay ixtiraam qofka waayeelka ah ee u tara, oo waxay ku ooriyay jilayaasha, fulinta Arias by aqalkeeda. Inkastoo failure ee Ciyaar ah, qaab labaad sameeyey inay dhacaan, oo waxaa iyaga la sameeyey si aan murugoodo qoraaga, iyo hanad ee Paganini. Natiijada waxa ay aheyd mid kasoo horjeeda, iyo daawadayaal maxfalka, xataa martigeliso a israac torchlight oo lagu sharfayo aqalkeeda.

overture

dad badan ma og tahay in markii aqalkeeda ee "Barber ee Seville" ee foomka, taas oo waxaa la ogsoon yahay maanta, waa ka asalka ah ee kala duwan. Gaar ahaan, halkii dhan overture yaqaan in horreeyaa dhacdo ee characters play in daawadayaasha Ciyaar ku casuumay waa qaraw annaguna khaas ah Gurtida qoob dad Spanish, kaas oo ahaa in cilinta jawiga Seville. Dheeraad ah, waxaa jiray sheekada Baare: ka hor inta waxqabadka labaad caddeeyeen in dhibcaha ay si la waayay. Markaas aqalkeeda, kuwaas oo caajisnimada in Italy ayaa hadal magaalada, kaliya rummaged iyada oo waraaqo iyo helay overture ah oo qoraal ah wax soo saarka ah diiqid. Waxa ay ahayd tii tan iyo markaas, oo waxay bilaabeen inay ka dhawaajiyaan mar kasta oo bilaabay kale show-dhaqangalka ee opera ee "The Barber ee Seville." Waxaa intaa dheer, oo luuq isla kala duwanaansho kala duwan, oo ka hor in la isticmaalo by laxamiistaha lagu jiro qaab muusikada.

"The Barber ee Seville." Xog Sharciga I: waxaan sawirtaa

guriga Dr. Bartolo, ciyaryahankii ku nool, kuwaas oo la arko marka hore dhaco jacayl Almaviva Tirinta. Waxa uu ugu yeedhi muusikalayda, si ay u gabyeen serenade ka yar iyada suuqa kala. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, aanay si balakoonka u tagaan, oo ninkii dhallinyarada ahaa niyad. Halkan yimaado Figaro - humorist maxalli ah iyo jare ah, kii garanaya inuu wax tirin, Xoolocirdoonku waa caan. Almaviva galo wadahadalka isaga la weydiiyo iyo lacag si ay u caawiyaan isaga guursadaan ciyaryahankii. Figaro farxad ogolaado. Ragga Bilaabaan inay sameeyaan qorshe, laakiin ka mid ah guriga Bartolo, oo la hadlaya isaga qudhiisa in uu aado, iyo gacangelin lahaa ay damacsanyihiin inay si degdeg ah guursadaan uu qaybta. Waxaa la saaro, iyo Tirinta ah, ka dhaadhiciyay in waqtigan, waxba ma aha si looga hortago in ay u arkaan in uu jecel yahay mar kale gabyaa serenade ah oo ku hadlaya magaca Lindor heesaa. Ciyaryahankii ugu horeysay ay jawaab isaga si ka balakoonka, laakiin markaas si lama filaan ah ka waddaa off. Figaro soo jeedinaya Almaviva beddelo askari oo taga si Bartolo. Waxaa garaaf waa wakiil ah cabbay, kuwaas waa loo hubiyo in uu u soo diray in ay sugaan kaliya ee gurigan taal.

Summary II waxaan sawirtaa tallaabo

Dhacdooyinka ka dhacaya guriga Bartolo. Bilaabasho sawirka II (I dhaqmaan opera "The Barber ee Seville") Aria ciyaryahankii ee, taas oo iyadu gabyaa ah oo ku saabsan iyada jacaylka Leandro. Markaas yimaado guriga Bartolo iyo Basilio dambe - waa macalin gabar music. Wuxuu wargelinaysaa dhakhtarka in Xanta ku saabsan ciyaryahankii iyo Almaviva, sida ku caashaqay. Bartolo xumaaday iyo Basilio gabyaa Aria caanka ah oo ku saabsan aflagaado ah. In goobta soo socda, Figaro sheegayaa gabadha ku saabsan jacaylka Leander iyo iyada sheegayaa in ay qoraan warqad ninkii dhallinyarada. Waxaa soo baxday in ciyaryahankii ayaa hore u samayn, oo jare farxad qabanayaa waajibaadka boostaale ah. Bartolo oo dhan tuhmane oo dhigeysa Naag hoos qufulka iyo furaha.

U muuqataa Almaviva, wuu qaatay, sida askari. Inkastoo balanqaad ka dhakhaatiirta in uu guriga ka reeban billeting, Tirada diido inuu aamusnaan iska tago oo ahaa ciyaryahankii dhigaysa cadeeyay inuu taageere u yahay iyada Lindor. Bartolo isku dayo in uu eryi "askari", kuwaas oo uu bilaabo inuu dhibaato ka dhigi. By isku dhicii afka ah ku biiro sida Basilio, Figaro iyo Gabadhii. bulxanka dadka soo jiitay oo ahaa madaxa waardiyayaasha magaalada, laakiin Almaviva aan la xiray, sida uu magaca iyo darajada sarkaalka sheegayaa.

"The Barber ee Seville": content ee sawirka aan Act II

Almaviva waa in Bartolo qaab macalinka music ah, oo sida la sheegay u yimid si uu u bedelo Basilio jirran. Taas darteed, ayuu khiyaaneeyey "siin waano" ciyaryahankii. Ay beydkiisa ma aha sida Bartolo go'aan ka si ay u muujiyaan ardayga iyo "macallin", oo heeso iyo sida loo gabyi.

Figaro gaaray in ay xiiraan Bartolo iyo dalabyo. Iyadoo dhakhtarka ku fadhiya wejigiisa la lathered, Tirada ogolaado la jecel yahay ee baxsashada. Si lama filaan ah Basilio waa, laakiin Figaro, Almaviva iyo ciyaryahankii ah ayaa bilaabay in ay isaga dhaadhiciyo in uu xumad qabay. Earl maamushaa in lagu sammeeyo kiishad macalinka this - oo uu dib u dhaco, "in la daweeyo". Bartolo bilaabaa inuu ka shakisan tahay in uu isku dayay in uu Doqon, oo ka erido oo dhan laakiin ciyaryahankii iyo gabdhaheediiba geeyey.

tallaabo Tusmada II Muuqaal II

orchestra The ciyaara goosin ka mid ah shuqulladii ay aqalkeeda, "Dekadaha". Dheeraad ah, opera ee "The Barber ee Seville" sii dabaqa labaad ee guriga Bartolo. Waxay u kala diray daaqadda iyo qolka dhex gelin ku Tirada iyo Figaro. Ciyaryahankii Almaviva shaaca ka qaaday in uu aqoonsiga run sida gabadh ka dibna ilaa isaga loo tixgeliyaa oo gabayaa ahaa Lindor. Wada jir ah ula Le Figaro, isagu iyada dhaadhiciyo in ay ka baxsadaan. Laakiin waxaan helay daqiiqadii ugu danbeysay in jaranjarada ah by kuwaas oo dadka dhallinyarada ahaa oo guriga la waayay. Sida dambe soo baxday, waxay afuufeen Bartolo, kii nootaayo tegey.

Halkan yimaado notary iyo Basilio, Bartolo sababay in ay diiwaan guur ah oo u dhexeeya isaga iyo ciyaryahankii. Almaviva laaluush iyo sasabayo oo labaduba ku tirinnaa guurka ka dhexeeya isaga iyo gabadha, weli ma soo laabtay Bartolo. nootaayo ayaa caddeynaya heshiiska guurka ah, ka dibna waxaa jira dhakhtar, oo ay la socdaan ilaalo. Bartolo u sheegay in aan waxba laga beddeli karo, oo isagu wuxuu lahaa si ay u aqbalaan ay qaddar, gaar ahaan sida Almaviva ka tagaa yarad naagtiisa. Dhammaan way wada heesayaan Aria ugu danbeeyay ee dib u heshiisiinta.

wax soo saarka hore ee "The Barber ee Seville" ee Ruush

Inta qarnigii 19aad, farshaxanka opera ee Russia riyaaqay caan caadi ahayn. Waxaa intaa dheer, tiyaatarada khaas jirey oo keliya ma aha ee caasimada laakiin sidoo kale in gobollada. Tusaale ahaan, wax soo saarka ugu horeysay ee "The Barber ee Seville" waxaa fuliyey ee 1821 ee Odessa ee dalkeenna. play jiray Talyaani oo ahaa guul weyn. Sannad ka dib, "The Barber ee Seville", oo kooban kuwaas oo la og yahay in dhammaan kuwo opera, ayaa la sara kiciyey ee St. Petersburg. Tan iyo waqti in, mar walbana waxa uu ku sugan waajihid ee shirkadda opera Talyaani ee North caasimadda, iyo dhowr xilli oo Aria ciyaryahankii ayaa waxa ku jira si ay u qabtaan caanka Polina Viardo.

"The Barber ee Seville" Masraxa Mariinsky ah

In 1783 Catherine II amartay in la dhiso ee St. Petersburg Bolshoi Tiyaatarka, taasi oo markii dambe waxaa magacooda loo baxshay in sharaf of Maria Empress ku Alexandrovna. Bishii October ee 1882 waxaa soo gudbisay "The Barber ee Seville." Tiyaatarka Mariinsky ayaa ku hawlan waxqabadka hay'adaha ay ugu fiican. Sidaas daraaddeed, xisbiga Bartolo sameeyaa by F. Stravinsky (aabbihiis of laxamiistaha ugu caansan Stravinsky), Almaviva - P. A. Lody, ciyaryahankii - M. A. Slavina iyo Figaro - Prianishnikov. "Barber ee Seville" Mariinsky Tiyaatarka markii labaad dhigay March 1918, qayb ka mid ah Rostov, Volevach, Karakash, Serebryakov, Losev, Denisov iyo Stepanova. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxaa jiray laba qaab - in 1940 iyo 1958. Bishii Oktoobar 2014, Ciyaar ka mid ah "The Barber ee Seville" la I. Selivanov E. Umerov, O. Pudova, Korotich, F. Kuznetsov iyo E. Sommer.

Aria Fanaanada caanka ah ciyaryahankii

Waxa kaliya ay dhacdo in ay Arias dumar ah ee ugu caansan ka mid ah kuwii ku caashaqi jiray classical music. Gaar ahaan, ka mid ah inta badan la sameeyaa ka mid ah song oo gabyaa ciyaryahankii ( "The Barber ee Seville" by aqalkeeda) bilowga ah ee sawirka Act II I). Mid ka mid ah qaab fiican waxaa loo tixgeliyaa in ay Maria Callas, kuwaas oo u suurtagashay in ay si fiican u gaadhsiin qaabdarro ah ee xaaladda. Ka dib oo dhan, ka kooban oo ka mid ah Arias soo socda: ciyaryahankii waxba kama qabo in aan is guursano, waxaana la filayaa inay naag u hoggaansan noqon, laakiin waa keliya haddii saygaaga ma ku doodi doonaa iyada oo leh. Haddii uusan dooneynin in ay faraha hawada iyada, waxa uu ballan qaaday in ay noqon vixen dhab ah oo uu naftiisa jeedin jahannamada geli lahaa.

Sida kuwii gabayaaga ahaa Ruush ah Aria ka opera ee "The Barber ee Seville", iyaga ka mid ah waa V. A. ku Nezhdanovu, V. V. Barsovu, V. Firsov. Intaa waxaa dheer, shaqo this keenay warkiisii mid ka mid ah divas opera ifka of our time - Anna Netrebko. By habka, Aria ciyaryahankii ee sameeyaa sida aktarada la tayo la dafiri karin heeso Ekaterina Savinova in filimka "berri soo noqda." Sawirkan waxa uu ahaa guul weyn, iyo qof ugu weyn - Frosya Burlakov - wax kasta oo xusuustay.

Aria of Figaro

Aqalkeeda ee "Barber ee Seville" (kooban kor ku soo bandhigay) sidoo kale loo yaqaano kooxaha xiiseynaya for codad ragga. Tusaale ahaan, mid ka mid ah kuwa ugu caansan waa Aria ee Figaro. Waa qoran tahay, waayo, kufiicanyahay ah, iyo iyada jare faraxsanaa brags ay indispensability muwaadiniinta iyo ammaan isaga nafsaddiisa u, qaylinaya "Bravo, Figaro! Bravo, Bravissimo! "Dad badan oo connoisseurs of music classical xataa aaminsan yihiin in tani ay tahay Aria ka qayb qaatay in xaqiiqda ah in sanad kasta daraasiin guryaha opera adduunka oo dib u dhigay cayaarta" The Barber ee Seville. " Figaro bixitaankii masraxa by fannaaniinta badan oo caan ah. Ka mid ah iyaga ma la odhan karaa waa Muslim Magomayev, iyo fannaaniin ajnabi ah - uu kufiicanyahay samaynta weyn Talyaani Titta Ruffo.

xisbiyada kale

kulan kale oo xiiso leh waa hubaal, opera ee "The Barber ee Seville", dib u eegista ah oo ay Fedora Shalyapina hadhay aad u faraxsan - Basilio iska leh. Waxay sidoo kale ku gabyeen Bass caan ah sida Ruggero Raimondi, Laszlo Polgar, Ferruccio Furlanetto iyo Paolo Montarsolo.

"The Barber ee Seville" - waa mid ka mid ah operas ugu faraxsan oo wanaagsan, kuwaas oo ku faraxsan xitaa in ay dhagaystaan dadka ka fog yihiin music classical.