GAZ-AAA: taariikhda, sharaxaad, caddaymaha,

GAZ-AAA - gaariga, kaas oo noqday triaxial model ugu mass pre-dagaal ee gaariga, ma aha oo kaliya in Midowga Soofiyeeti, laakiin sidoo kale adduunka oo dhan. isaga ku saabsan aan ka dib u sharax in this article.

walaalkiis American Soviet "saddex-dhexaad"

Waxaa laga xumaado inaan qirto, laakiin noocooda ah ee baabuurta Soviet dhigay saddex faasas, waa gaari American Ford-Timken. Waxaa xusid mudan in Mareykanka gaariga ee ay fasalka, lagu gartaa karoos sare, ma waxay ahaayeen caan ah, laakiin in Midowga Soofiyeeti, halkaas oo caqabado off-road marnaba lumiyaan habboonaanta, baabuur, kuwaas oo ay ahayd mid wax tar leh. Sidaa darteed, tan iyo 1931 geedka "Firimbi October", waxa uu ku yaalaa Nizhny Novgorod (Waayadan dambe ayaa Gorky), wuxuu bilaabaa inuu la soo saaray ka kooban yahay ka America samatabbixiyey, nuqulo maxaliga ah ee "Timken".

Waxaa cad in muddo dheer sidaas ma wadi karin - Golayaasha Country loo baahan yahay baabuur gaar ah gebi ahaanba.

"Saddex-dhexaad" ka gorkovchan

In 1932, Moscow nagga loogu talagalay "trehosku", qaadashada sida saldhig mar kale, Ford American ah AA, kuwaas oo horey u soo noqday noocooda ah ee GAZ AA ( "baabuur"). Ka dib markii taas oo natiijada shaqada on gaariga lagu wareejiyay GAZ for dhameystir buuxda, ka hor inta sii daayo ee taxanaha ah.

Buuxi GAZ-AAA waxaa ku Aaminto V. Grachev, naqshadeeye a talented Gorky Automobile Plant, laakiin xitaa uu lahaa in ay ku riday gaari cusub on conveyor ah (in 1934) oo kaliya markii saddexaad helay. Mar kasta oo la dhigaayo jiifku ee mashiinka cusub si ay u bilaabaan ka xoq. dhidibka saddexaad, kaas oo si fudud isku dayay priladit baabuur ah ee hadda jira, si cad u diiday inay halkaas xidid qaadan.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa la ogaadaa in laba noocyo ka mid ah GAZ-AAA horaysa model ah serial, in 1933, ka qayb qaatay baxsad Karakum ah.

Sidaas darteed, samaynta wali natiijo la doonayo, iyo gaariga galay wax soo saarka mass. Iyo iyadoo ay jirto in muuqaalka kore ee GAZ-AAA "baabuur" khilaafeen kaliya dhidibka saddexaad, waxa uu ahaa mashiinka a kala duwan.

Si ka duwan ee "trehoski" cusub ka hore "baabuur"

First of dhan, waa in la ogaadaa in gaari cusub helay loox kale. Tan iyo engine waa la hoos geliyey in ay naf dhibkeed sare, waxaa loo baahan yahay in la hagaajiyo nidaamka qaboojinta, sidaas hiitarka afar safka ka GAZ-AA waxaa bedelay lix isku xigta oo lagu daray in set taageere afarta-wada dagan. Sayidka, core hiitarka waxaa kordhay oo dhumucdiisuna waxay by 37 mm.

Haddii "baabuur" taayirrada firaaqada waxaa lagu dhegaysanayay ee dhabarka, ka hooseeyeen loox, ka dibna GAZ-AAA, marka hore, wheel firaaqada waxay ahayd laba, iyo marka labaad, waxay si toos ah ayaa lagu wareejiyay hoos jidhka, halkaas oo ay xaqiijisatay inay tip-dhxe. Waxaa aad samayso samaynta iyo sanduuqa qalabka. Sababta isbedelka this ahaa guryaha ee gaari ee dariiq dhexaad danbe, taas oo mija-ka "taayirrada firaaqada" ( "reserve") on meel dhaqanka. The jidhka isla, si looga saaro bogie wheel la taabto oo ay jirka halka baabuur-wadidda on wadada, la qaaday toban sintimitir, iyo taageeridda alwaaxdii saqafka haysay cross si loo kordhiyo xoog ay sabab u tahay kor u kacay awoodda load of mishiinka ayaa kordhay dhexroor.

Intaa waxaa dheer, in 1937, saddex-dhidibka gaari Soviet GAZ a noqday qalabaysan engine awood dheeraad ah (50 hp ..) Halkii sorokasilnogo hore. Demultiplier usheeda dhexe sare qalabaysan biriiga disc, iyo mishiinka ayaa heshay ah awoodda taangiga shidaalka dheeraadka ah ee 60 litir. Body ballaadhiyey 10 cm oo xoojiyay birta.

Caddaymaha GAZ-AAA ahaayeen sida soo socota:

• cabbir mashiinka (m) - 5,335 x 2.04 x 1.97 (dhererka, width, height);
• xakameeyo miisaanka (t) - 2,475;
• awoodda qol - 2 qof,.
• load (t) - 2;
• Wheel formula - 6 2;
• saldhig mashiinka (m) - 3.2;
• track wheel (m) - 1,405;
• Power of unit awoodda (L s ..) - 504;
• shidaalka isticmaalka - 27 litir 100 km,
• xadka xawaaraha - 65 km / h.

codsiga la taaban karo ee "trehoski"

GAZ-AAA - model ah oo ugu horayn waxa loogu tala galay ciidanka. Waxaa, baabuur ka mid ah ayaa loo isticmaalaa inta badan gaadiidka ee shaqaalaha iyo xamuulka. Sida cagaf ah tahay. Hub ciidan "trehoska" ma ahaa ku haboon, maxaa yeelay, iyagu ma haystaan awood ku filan oo ay sidaa sameeyaan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, baabuur kuwanu waa weyn oo loogu talagalay kordhaya rakiban qori Bawdada ama qoryaha lidka diyaaradaha booskan 37 mm.

Intaa waxaa dheer, iyadoo ay ku saleysan GAZ-AAA waxaa la aasaasay is-gano qoriga SU-1-12 la madfac 76-millimeter, baabuurta gaashaaman ee dabaqadda dhexe mashiinada AD-6 iyo AD-10 dayactir PARM iyo PM "nooca A", RSBF raadiyaha, iyo sidoo kale noocyo kala duwan oo basaska , taangiyada, kinoperedvizhnye rakibo baska u waxyoonay iyo dab baabuur.

dhamaadka conveyor nolosha

In 1943, GAZ hoos duqeymo ku timid diyaarad Jarmal oo waxaa lagu shiidaa baabbi'iyey. Waayo, markii ugu horeysay dagaal oo dhan GAZ lagu qasbay in ay joojiyaan shaqada.

Inkastoo dhibaatooyin la xiriira waqtiga dagaalka, shirkadda bogsatay si cadaalad ah si deg deg ah oo ay sii wadi doonaan in ay soo saaraan baabuurta aadka loogu baahan yahay in dal dagaal. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ka dib markii dib u dhiska ee wax soo saarka ee GAZ-AAA ayaa la joojiyay. Iyo doorka ay gaari xamuul ah laba-ton oo iskutallaabta sare ka dib dagaal bilaabeen inay ka laba-dhexaad, qalabaysan drive afar-wheel GAZ-63.

Total tan iyo 1934 Gorky la sii daayay 37373 mashiinada. Of iyaga ilaa maantadan la joogo ka badbaaday koobi saddex keliya.