Formation, Waxbarashada dugsiga sare iyo dugsiyada
Fosfooraska hydroxide - Guryaha formula
Waxaa jira saddex fasal xeryahooda ka imanba kakan: oxides, hydroxides (oo ay ka mid acids iyo saldhigyadii) iyo cusbada oo dhanba. Biraha badan iyo non-birta sameysmi karaa oxides, hydroxides, iyo qayb ka mid ah ku harta acid ka. Sayidka, fosfooraska, waxaa ka mid ahaa in ka hadhay ah acidic PO 4. Waxaa jira noocyo dhowr ah oo xabagta fosfooraska. Iyadoo la raacayo, waxa ay leedahay hydroxides kala duwan kuwaas oo lagu soo sameeyey oxides kuwan. hydroxide fosfooraska dheeraad ah - waa phosphoric acid. In this article waxaan eegi doonaa sifooyinka jirka iyo kiimikada ee ku element iyo xeryahooda ay, iyo sidoo kale kuu sheegi ku saabsan jiritaanka ee dabiiciga ah, iyo xaqiiqooyin kale oo xiiso leh.
guryaha jirka ah ee fosfooraska
Waxaa jiri karaan noocyo kala duwan oo kala duwanaansho. Fosfooraska - walax in ay ka kooban tahay hal element kiimikada. atamka Its ha isu geeyo si ay u sameeyaan u taagoo. formula fosfooraska - R. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, iyada oo ku xiran qaab-dhismeedka crystal daaqaddii, element ku jira waxaa laga yaabaa in qaab saddex walxaha.
The ugu caansan yahay fosfooraska cad - waxa ay leedahay dhismo waxy iyo sumoobo sare. barta barafku walax tani waa afar iyo afartan degrees Celsius iyo karkaraya - laba boqol iyo siddeetan degrees. By khilaaf uu si dhaqso ah u guban wax, sidaas darteed waxaa la gooyaa, gelinayn kaliya ee deegaanka biyaha. Haddii muddo dheer si ay u kululeeyo at heerkul ah laba boqol iyo konton digrii Centigrade, waxaa beddelay fosfooraska cas. Qalabkan waxaa la soo bandhigay qaab oo ah budada midabka brownish-cas. fosfooraska Red, sida ka soo horjeeda cad, ma aha sun ah.
Qaabka ugu xasiloon jiritaanka element this waxaa loo yeedhi karaa fosfooraska madow oo ku saabsan qaar ka mid ah sifooyinka dibadda la mid ah biraha, ayaa gloss hanti, ayaa engegnaantiinna sare, korontada iyo conductivity kaamerada.
In la eego chemistry
Fosfooraska - element, taas oo ah in koox shanaad oo muddo saddexaad ee miiska wareegsan. Laga soo bilaabo tan waxaannu ku tirinnaa karaa in valence waxaa ka mid ah waa shan. Waxaa intaa dheer, in nidaamka wareegsan loo arki karaa in fosfooraska element uu leeyahay miisaan ah qaaradda loo siman yahay iyo soddon mid ka mid garaam halkii jirjirroolaha. Taas macnaheedu waa in 1 bar ka mid ah miisaantaan doonaa 31 grams. Tixgelinaysa guryaha kiimikada ee fosfooraska, waxaan ka hadli doonaa oo ku saabsan falcelinta uu xeryahooda fudud oo adag.
Dhexgalka walxaha fudud
Waxa ugu horeeya ee ah in la ogaado - qayilo ee fosfooraska. Waa ay dareen-celin la oxygen. Dhammaan waxay ku xirnaan doontaa tirada qaybaha kuwaas - Sidaas darteed, laba maaddooyin kala duwan la abuuri karaa.
muuqashadii A marka hore - afar jiirarka of fosfooraska, iyo saddex jiirarka oksajiinta soo saaray laba jiirarka of trioxide fosfooraska. Record dhexgalka kiimikada la mid ah iyadoo la isticmaalayo isla'egta soo socda: 4F + 3o 2 = 2p 2 O 3.
Doorashadan Second - formation of a afar ilaa shan jiirarka of fosfooraska, iyo oxygen jiirarka laba jiirarka of pentoxide fosfooraska. Si aad u muujin dareen-celin taas oo isticmaalaya isla'egta soo socda: 4p + 5O 2 = 2p 2 O 5.
Marka laba falgalka kiimikada waa warshadu hawada weyn iftiinka. Dheeraad ah, fosfooraska la falgala walxaha fudud sida sida Biraha, halogens (fluorine, iodine, bromine, chlorine), baaruud. element kiimikada Active waa inay awoodaan inay muujiyaan guryaha hoos iyo oxidising labadaba. Tusaale ka mid ah is dhexgalka la halogens adeegaan koloriin. Waxay dhacdaa laba marxaladood. Midkii kowaad wuxuu u - formation of laba jiirarka of fosfooraska trihlorata laba jiirarka tixgeliyo bacayn iyo saddex jiirarka ah chlorine. reaction Tani lagu sheegi karaa by isla'egta this: 2p + 3Cl 2 = 2PCl 3.
Tallaabada labaad ee geedi socodka ka kooban marka lagu daro of atamka chlorine in fosfooraska trihloratu hore u helay. Sidaas darteed, marka lagu daro hal bar of dambe ee lacagta la mid ah chlorine soo saaray halkii bar of pentahlorata fosfooraska. Waxaan qori isla'egta reaction sidan: PCl 3 + 2 = cl PCl 5.
Xeerarka kale ee dhexgalka fosfooraska la Biraha fiirsan kartaa tusaale ahaan soo socda. Haddii aan soo qaadanno saddex jiirarka of potassium halkii bar of fosfooraska per bar heli phosphide potassium. Record noocan oo kale ah geedi socodka isticmaali kartaa isla'egta reaction soo socda: P = 3K + K 3 R.
Dhexgalka walxaha qalafsan
Waayo, kiimiko ah oo adag, taas oo awood u leh ficil fosfooraska, waxaa ka mid ah acids iyo cusbada. Hadda waxaan ku tilmaami muuqaalada amarka xiriirka ee element la kooxo xog ah kiimikada.
Phosphorous acid iyo
Waxaa ka mid kale oo dhan gaar ahaan caan ah ficil phosphorous iyo nitric acid. Si ay u qabtaan ficil-celinta noocan oo kale ah waa in ay qaataan qaybaha soo socda: fosfooraska in lacagta ah oo saddex jiirarka shan jiirarka of acid nitric iyo biyaha - laba jiirarka. Sidaas darteed of dhexgalka kiimikada aan u hesho wax soo saarka socda: phosphoric acid iyo xabagta Nitrogendoksid. isla'egta reaction waxaa loo qoray sida soo socota: 3P + 5HNO 3 + 3H 2 O = 3H 3 PO 4 + 5NO.
Fosfooraska, cusbada iyo
Noocan ah dhexgalka kiimikada la oran karo waa sida tusaale u ah dareen-celin ku hoos tixgelin la cuprum bacayn sulfate. Si loo fuliyo geedi socodka this waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in ay qaataan laba jiirarka of fosfooraska, iyo shan jiirarka of copper sulfate, sideed jiirarka oo biyo ah. dhexgalka ee walxaha kuwaas ayaynu ka heli soo socda kiimiko ah: sulfate acid in qadar shan jiirarka of copper saafi ah - la mid ah, iyo sidoo kale acid phosphoric - laba jiirarka. Record habka tani waxay noqon kartaa qaab isla'eg this: 2p + 5CuSO 4 + 8 saacadood 2 O = 5H 2 SO 4 + 5Cu + 2 saac 3 PO 4.
Diyaarinta bacayn ah
In warshadaha, kiimikada ee su'aasha la soo saaray ka kiimiko sida phosphate calcium. Si taas waa la fuliyay ka dib markii reaction kiimikada: cusbo ku yidhi waxaa ku qasmay ciid (silica) iyo carbon in cabirku yahay gaws of 1: 3: 5, si ay u awoodi silicate calcium, fosfooraska, iyo gaaska chadny in cabirku yahay gaws ee 3: 2: 5.
xeryahooda fosfooraska, iyo Xoolahoodii
The xeryahooda ugu badan ee fosfooraska, waxaa loo arkaa hydroxide a bacayn. Waxay noqon kartaa dhowr nooc, taas oo ku xidhan xabagta reer kaas oo la sameeyay. Hel hydroxide fosfooraska, waxaa suurtagal ah taasi oo ka reaction kiimikada dhexeeya ay xabagta iyo biyo ah. Iyada oo dareen-celin sida soo saarta noocyada kala duwan ee walxaha. trioxide Sayidka, oo ah hydroxide la diyaariyey waxaa laga yaabaa in (3), iyo ka pentoxide - hydroxide fosfooraska (5). Waxyaabahan leeyihiin guryaha acidic iyo awood, markeeda, iyadoo biraha, cusbada, saldhigyada iyo kuwo kale fal.
hydroxide fosfooraska dheeraad ah - waa phosphoric acid. Waa oxygenated iyo tribasic. Its formula - H 3 PO 4.
The guryaha kiimikada ugu weyn
fosfooraska hydroxide, kuwaas oo formula waxaa sare lagaa siin, waa awood ficil iyadoo labada xeryahooda fudud oo adag. Ka fiirso kuwan geedi socodka si faahfaahsan.
reaction acid phosphoric la Biraha
Like fasalo kale oo kiimiko ah, fosfooraska hydroxide awood ficil leh biraha. Inta lagu jiro habkan ay jirto dareen-bedelay, taas oo atamka bir ah atamka hydrogen ka Leexin, oon la xirrira cusbo ah iyo hydrogen, lagu sii daayo hawada sida gaaska la ur xun. Si aad u dareen-celin taas la fulin karo, biraha waa in la taagan yahay xagga bidixda ka ah hydrogen ee waxqabadka taxane electrochemical. Taasi waa, walxaha sida copper, iyo lacagta, iyo kuwa la mid ah, oo aan awood u ficil la phosphoric acid, maxaa yeelay, sababtoo ah halka ay falcelin yar yahay, iyagu ma ay awoodi doonaan in ay Leexin ku atamka ah hydrogen ka xeryahooda ay.
Tusaale ahaan, ka fiirsan aluminium. Marka intaa ku daray laba jiirarka ee element in ay laba jiirarka of hydroxide fosfooraska aan heli phosphate aluminium iyo hydrogen qadarkuu of 2 ama 3 jiirarka siday u kala horreeyaan. isla'egta of falcelinta waa qoran tahay sida soo socota: 2Al + 2 saac 3 PO 4 = 4 + 2AlPO 3H 2.
Dhexgalka iyo saldhigyadooda,
fosfooraska hydroxide, iyo sidoo kale acids kale oo badan geli kari reaction kiimikada iyo saldhigyadooda. Hababka noocaas ahi waxaa la yiraahdaa metathesis. iyaga ka mid ah, natiijada hydroxide cusub, iyo acid cusub. Noocan ah dareen-celin la samayn karaa oo kaliya haddii mid ka mid ah wax soo saarka ka helay waa beelaya in biyo, i.e. precipitates, ka baxa galay gaaska ama biyaha ama waa elektrolytka aad u tabar daran.
Phosphoric acid iyo cusbada oo dhanba
Xaaladdan oo kale sidoo kale waxa ay dhacdaa reaction sarrifka. Sidaas darteed, waxaa suurtagal ah in la helo acid cusub oo cusbo. Si ay u fuliyaan noocan ah dareen-celin, sidoo kale, waa in ay raacaan xeerarka, taas oo lagu tilmaamay kaliya kor ku xusan.
Isticmaalka fosfooraska, iyo xeryahooda ay in industry
xarunta koowaad ee element this kiimikada waxaa loo isticmaalaa si isku dar ah oo waxaa laga codsadaa in ay dusha ka dhisan ee taraq. Sidoo kale, isku dar ah ee fosfooraska isu daweeyey madaxa kulan.
fosfooraska hydroxide sidoo kale ka heli codsiga in warshado badan. First of dhan, waxaa loo isticmaalaa in soo saaridda ee Bacriminta. Tan waxa u sabab xaqiiqada ah in fosfooraska, waa fudud muhiim u tahay dhirta. Sidaa darteed, waxaa jira tiro ka mid ah Bacriminta kala duwan, kuwaas oo la sameeyey oo ku saleysan xeryahooda non-birta ah waxaa loo tixgeliyaa. Waayo, walxaha Ujeedada this sida phosphate calcium. Salt waxaa loo isticmaalaa sida bacrimin ah ee foomka of dubbe. Intaa waxaa dheer, for this ujeedada, caadiga ah iyo superphosphate xaafuun. Sida bacrimin ah ayaa sidoo kale uma shaqayn karo ammophos iyo nitroammophos. Waxa intaa dheer in kor ku xusan, cusbada ama hydroxide phosphorous loo isticmaalaa sida reagent ah lagu ogaan karo joogitaanka in xal xeryahooda lacag ah. Sayidka, maalka ku daray, taas oo ka mid ah hadhay ah acid PO 4, si xal. Haddii dambe ayaa ka kooban cusbo ama hydroxide lacag soo dadajin dayrta midab huruud ah hodan. Tani phosphate Argentum isagoo formula kiimikada: AgNO 3.
Dhismaha eb fosfooraska ah
Waxaa la og yahay in dhammaan atamka ka kooban yihiin xuduntii iyo electrons qoqobada ku wareegsan. xuduntii wuxuu ka kooban yahay protons iyo neutrons. Electrons Leeyihiin xun, protons - positive iyo neutrons - eber. Tirada serial of fosfooraska ee miiska wareegsan - shan iyo toban. Waxaa lagu soo gabagabeeyey karaa in ay shan iyo toban protons ku jira ay xuduntii. Haddii la eb waa dhex-dhexaad ah, ma ra'iyi ah, electrons sida badan iyo protons. Taasi waa kiiska la phosphor ee shan iyo toban.
Haddii mid ka mid electron ka tagi doono ay idiinna, eb uu noqdo ra'iyi ah si wanaagsan oo lagu eedeeyay, in uu yahay waxbarashada ah. Haddii mid ka mid electron foomka ku lifaaqan ra'iyi ah si xun u eedeeyay - anion.
Nidaamka wareegsan xubno kiimiko loo arki karaa in fosfooraska iska leh muddo saddexaad. Laga soo bilaabo tan waxaa iska cad in ay jiraan saddex ka mid kastana falagiisuu dhex taas oo electrons waxaa si siman agagaarka xudunta u ah. laba ugu horeeya ee ku yaalaan on labaad - siddeed electrons, iyo kii saddexaad - shan.
baahay ee dabiiciga ah
Jajabka mass of fosfooraska in qolof ah waa 0.08%. Isagu ma aha mid caadi ah ee dabiiciga ah, curiye kiimiko. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa jira koox ka mid ah macdanta, oo ay ku jiraan fosfooraska. apatite iyo phosphorite. The ugu badan ee kooxda koowaad - fluorapatite. Its formula kiimikada waa sida soo socota: 3Ca 3 (PO4) 2 • CAF 2. Isagu waa midabo kala cad, cagaaran iyo sumurud. Ka mid ah phosphate calcium phosphate qaybiyey ugu, isagoo formula kiimikada: Ca 3 (PO4) 2. Waxaa intaa dheer, xeryahooda fosfooraska helay Halabuurka ee unugyada kala duwan ee noolaha.
Doorka fosfooraska, iyo xeryahooda ay dabeecadda iyo jidhka
element kiimikada Tani waa arrin aad muhiim u ah hawlaha saxda ah ee ku dhowaad dhammaan xubnaha iyo nidaamka. In meesha ugu horeysa, ma suurtowdo aan shaqo dhib-free of kelyaha. element Tani waxay ku lug-shiid ee u shaqeeyo. Waxa kale oo ay gacan ka geysaneysaa cusboonaysiinta degdegga ah ee unugyada. La'aanteed, vitamins qaar ka mid ah si fudud aan loo shaqeysiin karaa in la siiyo macaashka jirka - taasi waa sababta inta badan supplements vitamin sida qayb dheeraad ah waxaa badanaa ku daray fosfooraska. Intaa waxaa dheer, waa mid ka mid ah waxyaabaha kiimikada in la hubiyo hawlaha caadiga ah ee wadnaha. Waxa uu, ka sokow oo dhan ee kor ku xusan, ka qayb qaadashada habraaca ku qeybinta unug, sidaas oo aan element raad this nolosha ma noqon kartaa on Earth.
Regulation ah dheelitirka biyaha-cusbo - mid ka mid feature dheeraad ah, kuwaas oo waxaa lagu fuliyaa ee jirka ka mid ah xidhiidhka ka hoos tixgelin in bacayn this article. Intaas waxaa sii dheer, waa mid ka mid ah qaybaha ugu muhiimsan ee lafta iyo unugyada muruqa. Boqolkiiba A waaweyn waxaa ka mid ah waxaa ku jira ilkaha. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxaa kale oo xusid mudan in fosfooraska ku lug leh xaqiijinta hawlaha caadiga ah ee habka dareemayaasha jirka. Calaamadaha la'aanta element raad ee jirka loo arkaa kuwa soo socda: daal, hufnaan hooseeyo, rabshooyin in habka dareemayaasha jirka (neurosis, kacsanaan, iwm), hargab aad u soo noqnoqda, daal ee muruqa wadnaha, xanuun lafaha iyo muruqyada, rabitaanka cuntada aad u liita. Si looga fogaado sida ugub ah, sida deficiency fosfooraska ee jirka ah, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la ogaado waxa waxyaabaha uu ka kooban yahay.
natiijooyinka
Fosfooraska, waa, in kastoo aan aad caadi u ah in element dunida kiimikada, laakiin muhiimada weyn ka warshadaha iyo noolaha of view. Isaga iyo xidhiidhada uu, gaar ahaan, hydroxide fosfooraska, loo isticmaalo wax soo saarka ee noocyada kala duwan ee wax soo saarka. article ayaa sidoo kale ku tilmaamay guryaha fosfooraska hydroxide (phosphoric acid), iyo gaar ahaan isdhexgalka ay la Biraha, saldhigyada iyo cusbada.
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