Fikrada oo ah alaabta dhaqaale derivative

Dhaqaalaha had iyo jeer isku xira tiro badan oo suuqyada: securities, shaqada, magaalada, iyo kuwo kale oo badan. Laakiin xubno ka oo dhan isu geeyo kala duwan oo ah alaabta dhaqaale, taas oo u adeegi ujeedooyin kala duwan.

Fikrada oo ah alaabta dhaqaale derivative

dhaqaalaha waa laga buuxiyay la eego la xiriira hawlaha nidaamyada qaarkood, qaybaha, xubno suuqa. Fikradda ah taagayo hubkaas ayaa loo isticmaalaa in dhinacyo badan sayniska, physics, xisaabta, daawo, statistics, dhaqaalaha, iyo beero kale. Ma sameyn karaa iyaga oo aan, iyo nidaamka caalamiga ah dhaqaale, oo ay ku jiraan suuqa maaliyadda iyo lacagta suuqyada.

Maxaa loola jeedaa derivative ah?

Marka la eego guud ahaan, category derivative yaqaan sameeyey size fudud dheeraad ah ama qaab. In xisaabta, fikradda guud ee derivative yaraynaysaa in helidda shaqada by kala function asalka ah. Physics fahamsan heerka derivative of beddelka hannaanka a. Fikrada oo ah alaabta dhaqaale derivative iyo hawlaha ay qabtaan, kaas oo si dhow u la xiriira nooca derivative oo dhan oo ay codsi toos ah la taaban karo ee suuqa lacageed.

Derivative, ama fikradda ah alaabta suuqa securities derivative

Erayga "derivative" (ka soo jeeda Jarmal) markii hore loo isticmaalaa in loogu yeero derivative ee shaqada xisaabeed, laakiin by bartamihii qarnigii labaatanaad ula degay suuqa dhaqaalaha, iyo ku dhowaad badiyay macnaheeda asalka. Maanta fikirka ah derivative securities ma aha mid kaliya ee noociisa ah ee koorsada of sharaxyo ah sida: securities sare, derivative of derivative labaad si, derivative dhaqaale, iwm, in saameyn ah kuma laha dareenka guud ee ...

derivative A, qalab dhaqaale ama si 2aad - heshiiska wakhti go'an ah, taas oo ah inta u dhaxaysa laba ama in ka badan labada dhinac, si rasmi ah iyada oo lagu kala gato saamiyada ama aan rasmi ahayn qayb ka mid ah hay'adaha maaliyadda, oo ku salaysan macnaha qiimaha mustaqbalka ee hanti ama qalab dhab ah si ay ugu sareeya.

Tilmaamo muhiim ah oo ka taagayo

Taas macnaheedu waxay leedahay qaybaha muhiimka ah dhowr, ka kaas oo ka yimaadaa ay fikradda iyo noocyada taagayo:

1. Derevativ - heshiiskan, guusha oo laba ama ka badan oo xiiso xisbiyada ama ururada. Iyada oo ku xidhan sida suuqyada iyo, dhammaan ayuu ka sarreeyaa, qiimaha, hal dhinac noqon doonaa guusha, ka kale - Inaan Guuldareystay Oo Kale. Tani waxa lama huraan.
2. heshiis Financial si rasmi karaa iyada oo lagu kala gato saamiyada ama ka baxsan lagu kala gato saamiyada ee qayb ka ah shirkadaha iyo ururada tallaabada on gacanta ku hal iyo bangiyada iyo hay'adaha maaliyadda non-bangiga - oo dhinaca kale ah. joogitaanka ama maqnaanshaha of sarrifka inta badan go'aamisa cayimayo ee derivative ah.
3. derivative The lahaa derejada labaad ee maaliyadda, iyo sidoo kale in xisaabta, ayaa salka ama aasaaska. Oo kaliya haddii sayniska yareeyo wax walba oo shaqo fudud, suuqa dhaqaalaha hawl la hantida dhabta ah. At lagu kala gato saamiyada ee hantida dhabta ah waxa loo qaybiyaa afar qaybood: alaabta ama hantida badeecadda (heerarka badeecadda sugay); securities (stocks, bonds) iyo kaydka; macaamilka lacagta iyo mustaqbalka (qandaraasyo gaar ah).
4. MUDDADA heshiiska - waxay ku xiran tahay kala duwanaansho qalab dhaqaale. Go'aaminta taariikhda saxda ah ee fulinta heshiiska si loo ilaaliyo danaha iyo in la yareeyo khatarta ah ee labada dhinac. Laakiin sida caadiga ah, oo faa'iidada ka soo heshiiska uu helo mid ka mid ah oo kaliya.

Securities derivative: fikradda, noocyada, ujeedada adeegsiga

Muuqaalka gaar ah oo Exchange sida qeybta suuqa waa in ay ma aha oo kaliya u qabata shaqo ee "binta" (waa asalka ah ee inta badan suuqyada ayaa maanta loo yaqaan), laakiin sidoo kale halista ah ee caymiska. Si taas loo gaaro, labada dhinac ku heshiiyaan in ay heshiis la gasho iyo si loo ogaado taariikhda saxda ah ee hirgelintiisa, yaraynta halista ku kharaj khasaare mustaqbalka.

Waayo, xaaladaha damaanad, taas oo loo hubiyo in waafaqsanaanta heshiis muddo go'an ah, waxaa jira saddex nooc oo waaweyn:

• Mustaqbalkooda.
• Forward.
• Ikhtiyaar.

Aynu u baaro si faahfaahsan.

Mustaqbalkooda sida kala duwan oo ah alaabta dhaqaale derivative

Futures ahaayeen Horseedka on sarrifka saamiyada sida alaab dhaqaale. geliyo weel ay ka buuxaan sarreen iyo bariis rasiidh in la damaanad qaado inay soo saarayaasha beeraha faa'iido ah, iyadoo aan loo eegin ee sanadka soo baxay badiyey ama ma.

Futures heshiisyada - fikradda ah alaabta dhaqaale derivative la xidhiidha soo gunaanaday heshiis Futures Badeecadda ee sale of hantida dahsoon, kiiskan, dhinacyadu waxay ku heshiiyaan oo keliya heerka degidda qiimaha hantida iyo waxaa waajib ku ah in ay is dhaafsadaan ilaa maturity "dil."

Iyadoo qandaraaska haatan ee, qiimaha aad bay u kala duwanaan karaan ku xiran tahay isbedelka dhaqaalaha, siyaasadda, xaaladda suuqa, deegaanka, qiimaha badeecadaha la xiriira. Buyers faa'iideysan marka qiimaha stock waa ka hooseeyaa kuwa kaas oo heshiis la soo gabagabeeyey. Iyo qeybsanaan.

mustaqbalkooda weyn daaweynta negative (ugu horayn ku ganacsan) inay ugu dambeyntii furay ka hantida dhabta ah hana ka tarjumaya xaaladda dhabta ah ee dhaqaalaha. Qiimaha guud ee mustaqbalka, mid shanaad oo ka mid ah - qiimaha dhabta ah ee alaabta, iyo afar-meelood - ". khatarta" qiimaha

Forward ama "hore" heshiis

Forward la socdaan heshiisyada kale ee ku jira fikradda ah alaabta suuqa dhaqaale derivative, ay qayb aan rasmi ahayn. In si kale loo dhigo, weeraryahanada dhif arkay on sarrifka saamiyada, laakiin inta badan waxaa si toos ah lagu soo gabagabeeyay u dhexeeya ganacsatada oo ka mid ah ama meelo kala duwan oo dhaqdhaqaaqa dhaqaale.

heshiis Forward ama weerarka ah (ka Ingiriisida ah ee "hore.") - heshiis u dhexeeya labada dhinac ee kaydka agabka in muddo cayiman si adag oo waqti. Sida laga arki karo ka qeexidda, weeraryahanka inta badan ka shaqeeya la hantida badeecadda halkii securities ama alaabo lacageed. Arin kale oo muhiim ah ka soo weeraryahanka reer qalab kale oo ah in ay noqon karaan waxyaabaha aan caadiga ama xitaa adeegyada. sarrifka saamiyada loo ogol badeecooyin ka soo gudubtay jeegag adag oo ku saabsan tayada iyo si waafaqsan heerarka caalamiga ah. Waayo, alaabta ka baxsan sarrifka saamiyada, looga baahan yahay ma khuseeyo. Mas'uuliyadda wax soo saarka ku taagan yahaye gebi on bixiyaha iyo khataraha - iibsadaa.

Qiimaha isku raacay waxaa la yiraahdaa qiimaha bixinta weeraryahanka. Inta lagu jiro muddada heshiiska waa jirayaa. Laakiin tan iyo this abuurtaa kooxuhu in ay dhibaatooyin gaar ah, Exchange bixisaa kale heshiisyada weerarka, kuwaas oo haddii kale loo yaqaan, laakiin muhiimad la mid ah sida weeraryahanada: macaamil ganacsi sarrifka la damaanad ah iibsashada, iibinta iyo ganacsiga ee premium a.

heshiisyada Xulashada on sarrifka saamiyada

Waxaanad taaj uga dhigtay alaabtii derivative dhaqaalaha, fikradda, noocyada iyo nooc hoosaad heshiisyada doorasho. Ilaa 1973, waxay la kulmeen oo kaliya on weydaarsiga badeecadaha, laakiin ka dib markii sano oo kaliya kow iyo toban jir ah ayaa noqday alaabtii maaraysay labaad ee suuqa dhaqaale ee caalamka.

Haddaba doorasho ku salaysan noqon kartaa ku dhowaad hanti kasta oo: securities, indices stock, badeecooyin, dulsaarka, lacagta macaamilka, iyo in ka muhiimsan kale, qalab kale oo maaliyadeed. Xulashada - derivative amarka saddexaad, superstructure ah ka gaartay superstructure kale ee dhaqaalaha.

Iyada oo ku saleysan kor ku xusan, ikhtiyaarka ah - waxaa lagu rasmi ah iyo sarrifka caadiga heshiis muddo go'an ah, jidaynayey mid ka mid ah dhinacyada xaq u leeyihiin inay qabtaan ama ma fulin waajibaadkeeda hoos heshiiska. Weeraryahanada iyo mustaqbalkooda waxaa looga baahan yahay in ay sameeyaan doorasho ah - ma. In si kale loo dhigo, wax iibsadaa ama iibiyaha in maturity ee heshiiska yeelan doonaan in ay gato ama la iibsado sarrifka hanti, xitaa haddii ay ka qaban wax tar lahayn, oo haysta fursad u baxsan karo masiirka this.

Halista joogitaanka taagayo saddexaad si ay suuqa dhaqaalaha

In la eego doorasho caymiska khatarta - aalad ugu fiican ee dhaqaale. Dhinaca kale, helitaanka fursadaha iyo fursadaha fursadaha kordhinaya kala suuqa dhaqaale ee suuqa dhab ah ganacsiga ka badan kasta oo alaabta muusikada ah dhaqaale kale. fursadaha Stock badbadiyay lacag suuqa shqsiga ah, iyo si maldahan ugu yar ee xasilooni koraa baaxadda dhibaatada dhaqaale ee caalamka. Waayo, dhaqaalaha deganayn caalami ah, oo sannadihii ugu danbeeyay ku xiran yahay isbedelka dabiiciga ah, dhaqaale iyo siyaasadeed, tani waa in ka badan ku filan. Ma fog dhibaato dhaqaale oo cusub oo caalami ah.