Duniduna waxay organic ee Badweynta Atlaantik, muuqaalada iyo description

Duniduna waxay organic ee Atlantic ku xiran tahay heerkulka, salinity iyo arrimo kale oo ay biyihii ka qeyb this ee Wasaaradda Difaaca sifaha. Xaaladaha nolosha noolaha si weyn u kala duwan yihiin waqooyi ilaa koonfur. Sidaa darteed, waxaa jira aag hodan ku ah khayraadka dabiiciga ah ee Atlantic ka, iyo meelaha xad saboolka ah halkaas oo tirada noocyada xoolaha ee tobanaan halkii boqolaal.

Doorka noolaha ee MO dabiici ah oo adag

Duniduna waxay organic ee Badweynta Atlantic la kulma meelaha biyo ah oo saamayn weyn long-distance waqooyi ilaa koonfur. kala duwanaanta ah ee xoolaha iyo dhirta saamayn qaybo badan oo Continental shelf, faniinkaba ka soo wada dalka iyo arrimo kale ee dabiiciga ah. meel Sea, hoose iyo isticmaalo guriga waa in kumanaan ka mid ah noolaha ay leeyihiin boqortooyooyinka kala duwan ee Dhulka dabiiciga ah. Dhirta iyo xayawaanka - qaybaha ugu muhiimsan ee dhismaha dabiiciga ah. Waxay la kulma saamaynta cimilada, oo sideeda oo biyo ah iyo guryaha dhagaxyada curinta hooseysa. Taa baddalkeeda, dunida organic ee Badweynta Atlaantik saamaysaa qaybaha kale ee dabiiciga ah:

• algae kobciyo biyaha la oxygen;
• Neefta ee dhirta iyo xayawaanka keenaysaa in kordhay content carbon dioxide,
• Qalfoofkii ee deegaanada of coelenterates ka samaysan aasaaskii Qoryaale dhagax badeed iyo bed gaadhaya;
• noolaha biyaha nuugo ka cusbada macdanta, yareeyo tirada.

Organic Atlantic World (kooban)

Heerkulka iyo salinity waa mid muhiim u ah xayawaanka cqaadir in ay kor u soo plankton iyo algae. Kuwani waa tilmaamayaasha muhiim u ah Nekton ah - xayawaanka, free-sabayn khaanadda biyaha. Features shelf gargaarka iyo seafloor la go'aamiyo hab-nololeedka ee noolaha benthic - benthos. kooxdan gudahood, waxaa jira wax badan oo coelenterates iyo crustaceans. Waxaa jira tiro ka mid ah muuqaalada ka kooban noocyada, sifeeyay dunida organic ee Badweynta Atlaantik. Photos of dhibkani talona, hoos ku qoran, waxay siisaa fursad ay ku arkaan kala duwan ee benthos ee latitudes fareen iyo kulaylaha. biyaha kaluumaysiga Rich waxaa ku egtahay meelaha plankton taranta degdeg ah goobaha qoraxda oo kulul. In gobolladan waxaa jira noocyo kala duwan oo seabirds iyo nuujiya badda. latitudes High waqooyiga iyo koonfurta baahsanaanta ee Shimbiraha oo kala duwan in ay ku quudiyaan on dusha biyaha, free ka baraf, iyo deegaanada taranta dhisayaan xeebta.

phytoplankton

algae Unicellular waa qayb muhiim ah oo plankton ah. Kooxdan waxaa ka mid ah diatoms, buluug-cagaaran, flagellates iyo noolaha kale ee yar yar oo awood u photosynthesis. Waxay deggan column biyaha si qoto dheer ah 100 m, laakiin cufnaanta ugu badan lagu arkay 50 m ugu horeysay ka dusha. Sida xooga leh ee shucaaca qoraxda inta lagu jiro bilaha ka diiran keenaysaa in horumarka degdeg ah phytoplankton - "ubaxu" oo biyo ah in latitudes qoraxda iyo kala horjeeda ee Badweynta Atlaantik.

dhirta waaweyn

Photosynthesizing cagaaran, oo cas, brown algae iyo noocyada kale ee MO flora - qayb muhiim ah oo ka mid ah dhismaha dabiiciga ah. Thanks to dhirta helo ogsijiin neefsiga iyo nafaqo dunida oo dhan organic ee Badweynta Atlaantik. List of daaqsinka dhulka ama phytobenthos ka mid ma aha oo kaliya algae ah, laakiin sidoo kale wakiillo ka angiosperms ayaa ku habboon oo ku nool biyaha milixda, sida dhalashada Eelgrass, Poseidonia. Kuwani "cawska badda" doorbidayso foomka carradu jilicsan sublittoral at moolka dheer oo 30 ilaa 50 m seeraha quuska.

wakiilada caadiga ah flora ee Continental shelf meelaha qabow iyo khafiif ah labada dhinac ee dhulbaraha - kelp, algae cas (whelk). Waxay ku xiran yihiin dhagaxyada hoose dhagaxyo hal. Dhirta Marine ee aagga kulul ee saboolka sababta oo ah heerkulka sare iyo insolation badan.
muhiimadda ay leedahay dhaqaale ee algae:

• brown (kelp) - cunay shaqaysid iodine, potassium iyo algin;
• algae cas - alaabta ceeriin ee warshadaha cuntada iyo dawooyinka,
• brown Sargassum algae - il of algin.

zooplankton

Phytoplankton iyo bakteeriyada, waa cunto xoolaha cqaadir herbivorous. Si xor ah sabayn khaanadda biyaha, waxay ka koobnaan zooplankton ah. Waxay ku salaysan tahay wakiilada ugu fiicnaa ee shellfish ah. Weyn isugu meso- iyo macroplankton (ctenophores, siphonophores, xayawaan badeed, cephalopods, haley oo kalluun yaryar ah).

Nekton iyo benthos

Waxaa jira kooxo badan oo noolaha ku nool badda, si ay u adkeysan cadaadiska biyaha si xor ah in iyada column awoodaan. kartidooda waxay leeyihiin xayawaanka badda ee dhexdhexaad ah iyo tirada weyn.

• Crustaceans. Ka tirsan tahay nooc hoosaadka this of haley u haysteen iyo aargoosato.
• Shellfish. wakiilada caadiga ah ee kooxda - scallops, aleelada, oysters, xayawaan badeed iyo octopuses.
• Fish. Genera iyo qolooyinka reer superclass ah ayaa ah kuwa ugu badan - ansjos, ee IMB, plaice, sprat, salmon, Bass badda, capelin, calaacalaha, Pollock, haddock, halibut, sardines, cunna, mackerel, kalluun, tuna, hake.
• Xamaarato. wakiillo dhawr A - qoolley badda.
• Shimbiraha. Raadi cuntada ee biyaha, pingvin, albatrosses, petrels.
• nuujiya Marine. Vysokorganizovannye xoolaha - hoonbarrooyinka, nibiriyada badda, shaabadihiisa, shaabadood.

Ku saleysan oo ka mid ah xayawaanka benthic up, taasoo keentay in hoose ee jidka ku lifaaqan ee nolosha, sida coelenterates (shacaab).

Features of dhirta iyo xayawaanka noocyada of Atlantic ah

1. In qayb ka mid ah Waqooyi iyo Koonfur ee weysada sida calaamad oo ay goobjoog ka ahaayeen dubato ee noocyada kala duwan iyo genera.
2. noocyada Plankton yara, laakiin mass wadarta gaadho qiimaha cajiib ah, gaar ahaan aaga cimilada ee qoraxda leh. Dadwaynaha diatoms, foraminifera, pteropods iyo copepods (krill).
3. wax soo saarka noolaha sare - calaamad u tahay in lagu tilmaamay sifooyinka dunida organic ee Badweynta Atlaantik. Si weyn u kala duwan ka cufnaanta nolosha biyo-gacmeed ku dhow jasiiradda of Newfoundland, biyahana u koonfur-galbeed iyo xeebaha waqooyi-galbeed ee Afrika, badaha yarna iyo bariga United States Mudada, South America.
4. zone Tropical, sida kor ku xusan, - aagga allifey oo loogu talagalay phytoplankton.
5. wax soo saarka Nekton ee Badweynta Atlaantik on shelf iyo continental dhaadhaca uu ka badan yahay meelaha la mid ah badaha ku xeeran. kalluun tiro badan ah in ay ku quudiyaan on phytoplankton iyo zooplankton (kalluun, cunna, mackerel, mackerel faras, iyo kuwo kale). In biyaha furan leeyihiin tunas muhiimadda ganacsiga.
6. qaninimo nooc oo nuujiya - mid ka mid ah muuqaalada dunida xayawaanka ee Badweynta Atlantic ah. Qarnigii la soo dhaafay, waxay soo maray halligaad weyn oo, tirada ayaa hoos u dhacay.
7. polyps Coral aan waa sida kala duwan sida in Basin Pacific. kaliya ma masaska badda, qoolley.

Waxaa jira waxyaabo kala duwan in sharax badan oo ka mid ah sifooyinka in sifaha dunida organic ee Badweynta Atlaantik. Go'aanku wuxuu ka dhan ee kor ku xusan ayaa soo jeedinaya soo socda: sababaha kala duwan ee la xiriira width yar ee Atlantic ee aagga kulul, ballaarinta gobollada qoraxda iyo kala horjeeda. Taas bedelkeeda, ee Pacific iyo Badweynta Hindiya waa xadka ugu weyn kulaale. Arrin kale oo in saamayn saboolnimada qaraabo ah xayawaanka kulaylka-jecel Atlantic - saameynta ay glaciation ee la soo dhaafay, taas oo sababtay qaboojinta weyn Northern Hemisphere ee.

Duniduna waxay organic ee Atlantic ah, goobaha kalluumaysiga

latitudes qoraxda iyo kulaylaha ee barka ah waqooyiga iyo koonfurta ay hodan ku yihiin nolosha. Ka mid ah noocyada kalluunka ee qiimaha ganacsiga, ka - ansjos, pollack, tuna, kalluun, hake, iyo kuwa kale. Waxaa miino nuujiya: nibiriyada badda iyo libaaxyo badda. Noocyada kale ee khayraadka noolaha wakiil mollusks, crustaceans, algae brown, iyo kuwo gaduud. Geedaha Ocean yihiin quudin jiray in ay xayawaanka iyo processing warshadaha. clams intooda badan waa taxadir ah, qiimeeyeen jikada ee dalal badan (oysters, xayawaan badeed, carsaanyo, scallops). sifo la mid ah la siin karaa crustaceans xoolaha, oo ay ku jiraan aargoosato, shrimps iyo haysteen doontooda.

Kalluumaysiga iyo wax soo saarka cuntada badda culus ku qaadeen on shelf iyo degaanka ee jiirada qaaradda. Laakiin tobonaankii sane ugu dambeeyay ku lug leh wareegga dhaqaalaha waraabiyaa meelaha kaas oo hore u soo maray saamayn aadmiga aan xoog. Sidaa darteed, sii dartay dhibaatooyinka deegaanka ma aha oo kaliya ka mid ah dhulka xeebaha, laakiin sidoo kale badda oo dhan.