Cross Konstantinov: qiimaha photo

dhaqan kasta oo diinta ay tahay dhaxal xeer gooni ah calaamadaha ruuxiga ah. Waxay labada ciyaari karaa doorka logos brand, iyo fuliyaan a dareen sacral-mysterial qoto dheer. Ma jirin marka laga reebo in xeerkan iyo kiristaanka. Waayo, aamin oo dhan (ee hadda ku xagjir ah) si noocyada kala duwan ee calaamadda fahmayn iyo waxa uu ku horumariyo characters iyaga u gaar ah, mararka qaarkood ornate iyo kala weji duwan. Mid ka mid ah calaamadaha kuwa, kuwaas oo iskutallaabta-ka loo yaqaan ee Emperor Constantine, oo laga wada hadli doonaa in this article.

Xiddigii hore ee asal ahaan ka soo iskutallaabta Constantine

Si adag u hadlayay, sumadda - ma karoos. Waxaa si fiican loogu yeedhi monogram ah - calaamad u sameeyay warqado dhowr ah, soo bandhigeen image ee dabeecadda gaarka ah ee cilmiga diinta - Ciise Masiix. Sida laga soo xigtay xeerkii Christian, Konstantinov cross door aad u muhiim ah in taariikhda kaniisadda. In xoog iyo muhiimadda waa labaad oo kaliya in iskutallaabta caadiga ah.

Maxay muhiim u Masiixiyiinta? Jawaabta su'aashan la siiyo by Halyeeyga soo socda: marka waagu ee xilligii Christian, horrantii qarnigii afraad, Roman Empire waxaa jiray khilaaf u dhaxeeya labo shaqaalaha dawladda - Maxentius iyo Constantine. Natiijada dood ahaa dagaal loo yaqaan Battle of Bridge Milvian ah (312 sano). Ka hor dagaalka Constantine Emperor ee "By guulaysi calaamad this" ayuu u muuqday in calaamadda samada gaar ah, soo raacay by ereyada. Waxaa dhiirigelintiisa lahaa arrin cajiib, Constantine amray in ay soo saari sumaddii on gaashaan oo askarta, iyo ku rid on labarum - banner Imperial dagaalka.

Dhab ahaantii, guul xasuuqday Schalke oo dagaalka ku jira ah, Constantine dhigay calaamada aasaas u ah daabacaadda shakhsiga ah iyo calaamad u ah gobolka. Waxa uu sidaas u noqday rumaysad gudaha Christian wanaagsan. Inkastoo muddo dheer ku hadhay la baabtiisin, isaga oo sheegaya in uu amar, Wuxuu weligiis u joojin doonaa cadaadis iyo dhibaataynta dadka Masiixiyiinta ah ee Boqortooyada Roomaanka. Tani waxay iskutallaabta Konstantinov waxaa hristogrammoy joogo, waxaa loo isticmaalaa in kaniisadaha. Its magac kale - chrism.

Waxa ay ka tarjumaysaa xaqiiqo Halyeeyga taariikhiga ah ama ma, laakiin waxa ay taasi si cad u sababta Masiixiyiintu waa sidaas u tari jirtay oo si maqsuud calaamad this. Ayuu u soo jeestay koorsada taariikhda, barbaro Emperor ah - wadaadkii jaahilka wayn - dhinaca Nasaarada, oo sababtay in siiban koox yar oo ah kuwa Ciise raaca bilaabay by dhaqdhaqaaq diimeed badan oo adduunka ah.

The hristogrammy Xusuuso marka hore

Kii u horreeyey ayaa lagu yaqaan in ay il taariikhda warbixin, taas oo loola jeedaa in iskutallaabta Konstantina Velikogo - ay u shaqayso taariikhyahan ayaa kiniisaddii Lactantius (320 sano). Waxaa celin version kor ku xusan ka mid ah dhacdooyinka la sii dheer in arrin la Ulasocto cod in celiyay in qorniinkan Latin Greek.

taariikhyahan kale Church, oo ka sokow, iyo biographer shakhsi ahaaneed ee Constantine - Eusebius, Bishop of Neo-Kaysariya, waqtiyo kala duwan, sidaana waxa sheegay labada versions of hristogrammy soo jeedo. Sida laga soo xigtay hore, waxay ahayd Emperor mustaqbalka dheer ka hor 312, markii uu ahaa in Gaul. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, wuxuu markii dambe baxay version this, subordinating uu sharaxaad of opinion caadiga ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, wuxuu, ku tilmaamayaa in warbixinta gaarka ah ee afka laga gooyo isaga qudhiisa, ayaa sheegay in wixii calaamad oo qorraxda ka qaalisan oo si wadajir ah ula lanooga Konstantin daawaday ciidankii reer afartan kun oo nin oo dhan.

Isha saddexaad waa uun maragga of mid ka mid ah askartii ka qayb qaatay dagaalka oo ka mid ah buundada oo indhaha u gaar ah Mulviyskogo arkay on Konstantinov gudbaan samada. Magaciisa - Artemije iyo sheekadiisa waxaa loogu talagalay soo-gaadhista ee gooyo Yuliana Otstupnika, kuwaas oo, sida la og yahay, diidnay kiristaanka, ayuu wuxuu goostay inuu soo nooleeyo hay'adaha jaahilka ee Boqortooyada Roomaanka. Waxay Artemije oo la dilay.

hristogrammy asal ahaan

cilmi Historical soo jeedisay in chrism waa asal pre-Christian iyo waxaa laga yaabaa inay la soo amaahday oo loo habeeyey by hoggaamiyayaasha kaniisadaha laba sababood awgood:

1. Maxaa yeelay, dadka Masiixiyiinta ah mudo dheer ayaa la mamnuucay, waxaa ku qasbay inay wax ku Dhagraan iyo isticmaali caadi ah calaamadaha jaahilka, iyaga oo buuxinaya leh ay ka kooban tahay gaar ah. In si la mid ah ka mid ah dadka Masiixiyiinta ah ee ku jiray image caanka ah ee Orpheus, Heliopolis iyo ilaahyo kale. Konstantinov A si toos ah gudbaan - waxa ay u badan tahay loo habeeyey qoraxda calaamad ka mid ah qadiimiga ah reer Kaldayiin.

2. Erayga Giriigga ah ee "Chrestos", oo macnaheedu yahay "in culays", sidoo kale waxaa lagu matalay yaabaa garaaf ahaan labada warqado ugu horeysay. Sababta oo ah qof si fudud Christianized ee wareegyada oo ka mid ah kuwa Ciise raaca, oo isna wuxuu siiyey macnaha "Masiix".

Anyway, xataa jeer dokonstantinovskie ay jiraan dhawr nooc oo monograms Christian iyo jaahilka pre-sanamyadooda.

Qaybinta chrism

Ka hor inta hristogramma noqday kuwa loo yaqaan iskutallaabta Saint Constantine, waxa inta badan loo adeegsan jiray duurka shirka Christian. Tusaalayaasha ugu da'da weyn waxaa ka mid ah waxaa laga helaa catacombs ah - qabuuraha dhulka hoostiisa, kuwaas oo xubno ka ah kiniisadda loo adeegsaday sida goob kulan oo ka mid ah wasaaradaha. calaamado la mid ah na keenay taxadiri funerary iyo Nasaara sarcophagi.

Ka dib markii sharciyeynta ee dabeecadda this bilaabay in la isticmaalo sida calaamad diimeed macbudka cusub ee la dhisay. Dhinaca kale, isna wuxuu u adeegay sida element ah decoration iyo decoration - waxay yihiin maddiibadood oo lagu qurxiyey, iyo laambadahoodii yaryaraa, sanduuqyada dahabka iyo kale maacuunta kaniisadda. In wareegyada cilmaani ah, sida la sheegay, hristogramma ahayd shaabaddii state of Constantine isaga iyo qaar ka mid ah qaraabada uu, iyo sidoo kale calaamad rasmiga ah ee Labarum milatariga, bedelida meesha dhaqanka ee gorgorka Roman.

ιχ monogram

Intaa waxaa dheer, hristogramma, aragga la mid ah warqaddii Ruush "F", waxaa loo isticmaali jiray in kaniisadaha Christian durba III qarnigii, muddo dheer ka hor goysiga ah ee Constantine carshiga. Ma jirin ρ warqad (mothers) - halkii ay ahayd ι (xaraf), taas oo macnaheedu yahay "Ciise". Waxaa xitaa macquul ah in warqadan ka dib helay aragti calaamad dhaqatada ah (ie Episcopal mid ah dadka Masiixiyiinta) ul - shaqaalaha la baabbi'in qaloocin. Waxa uu ahaa kii dambe noqday mid la xidhiidha p warqadda.

χρ monogram

Tani version of qof ugu weyn iyo, haddii aan la odhan kara, ee kaniisadda soo qaadanin Christian. In uu waxa loo yaqaan "Cross ee Constantine." Photos soo bandhigay waxa ka hooseeya.

On Macnaha ee chrism

kooxaha kala duwan ee asalka ah, sida ka mid ah kiniisadda xagjir ah, oo ka mid ah isbeddellada kale, ku lifaaqan muhiimadda ay leedahay in macnaha hoose oo ka mid ah warqado Greek. Xitaa Axdiga Cusub ku jira tixraac cad in gematria ah - hab search macnaha qarsoon iyada oo xisaab tiro u dhigma warqadihii hadallo iyo magacyo. In si la mid ah mid kala dhig dhigi karaa cross Constantine.

Taasoo la micno ah waxaa ku lifaaqan laba xarfaha ugu horeeya ee erayga "Masiix". Inta qiimaha tiro sax ah waa 700 oo soo ciyaaray si gaar ah ee fiqiga Gnostic u adag. Sidaa darteed, in maanta qadiimiga laakiin in yar oo-yaqaano, xeerkii tirada 700 taagan sida isku micne ah, Masiixu wuxuu u. Oo haddii, tusaale ahaan, ka fiirso xarfaha shaqsi hristogrammy, waxaan heli soo socda: χ (chi) - macrocosm ka dhigan tahay, gabi ahaanna ee caalamka. Qiimaha tiro - 100. A ι (xaraf), in la barbardhigo, wakiil ka jirta qaybaha a. Its qiimaha - 10. Sayidka, calaamad u muuqaal ah qaybaha midnimada iyo macrocosm - qaybtii isku oo dhan, yar si weyn. In the case of chrism dambe version meesha ι bedelay ρ, abuurista calaamad ka dhigan tahay rabaani ah (kelmedo warqado sabab ρ). Waxay sidaan qiimaha ciidamada hal abuur ah si dunida, xoogga dumar generative.

characters la xiriira

Waxaa inta badan lala isticmaalo chrism labada warqado dheeraad ah ee alifbeetada Greek - α (Alfa) iyo ω (omega), kuwaas oo ah xarfaha hore iyo alifbeetada Greek, oo tilmaamaya bilowgii iyo dhammaadka dunida, iyo sidoo kale dhammaan ay nuxurka ontological ku lifaaqan ee waraaqaha dhexe. Bilowgii calaamad this kiristaanka siiyey Kitaabka Quduuska ah, laakiin kitaabka Muujintii, halkaas oo ereyada "Anigu waxaan ahay Alfa iyo Oomeega" joojisey afka Ciise Masiix galay.