Chesme Column - calaamad u ahaayeen rag reer raxan Ruushka

Wixii qarniyo laba iyo badh, Russia ahaa dagaal kula Boqortooyadii Cismaaniyadda - bilowga ah ee ay helaan in ay Badda Madow, ka dibna si ay u xoojiso booska ee Caucasus. Marka tan la eegayo, Catherine Empress II sii siyaasadda arrimaha dibadda guul, bilaabay by Peter Weyn.

Intii lagu guda jiray iyada boqor noqday boqortooyadii Ruushka ma aha oo kaliya aad u hesho lacag la'aan ah si ay Azov iyo Badda Madow helaan, laakiin sidoo kale LABAGEEDI u saarney Crimean, noqday awood dhab ah badda. In sharaf of guul Ruush injineero tayo iyo sculptors abuuray taxadiri xusuus. Mid ka mid ah iyaga ka mid ah - Column Chesme ee St. Petersburg.

prehistory

In dhexe ee qarnigii XVIII ka, Turkey ayaa sii waday in ay si buuxda u xukumaan Badda Madow. Inkastoo dadaalka ay Peter aan isku dayo in la xoojiyo qararkiisa, Russia wakhtigaas ma ay lahayn Badda Madow ama Azov ka wadaan. Sidaa darteed, siyaasadda arrimaha dibadda Catherine II dowladda ayaa waxaa loo arkaa mudnaanta jihada koonfureed.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Russia ma aha bilowgii dagaalka. Turkiga iyo kuwa huwantu Crimean tataarka dhamaadka 1768, weerareen gobolka Black Sea waqooyiga. Si aad u dhigay hit Turkey ka gadaal ah, iyo sidoo kale taageero si ay u diyaariyaan kacdoonka ah ee dadka Masiixiyiinta ah ee Balkans, waxaa la go'aamiyay in ay soo diri Doonniyaha Fleet Baltic ee Badda Mediterranean-ka.

Summer - dayrta 1769 ka Kronstadt ahaayeen laba koox dad ah Ruush hogaaminayo Admirals Grigoriem Spiridovym iyo John Elphinstone. Total hoggaanka duulaan ahaa aaminay in Tirada ugu Alekseya Orlova.

Dabaasha agagaarka Yurub, ayaa baxriyiintii Ruush ahaa tartan adag. Doonniyaha marka hore wada galeen Badda Mediterranean-ka bishii November, iyo guga ee sanadka soo socda, labada koox dad ah bari oo waxay bilaabeen inay u diyaar garoobaan dagaal, waxa ekaan Column Chesme in Tsarskoye Selo.

guushii ay ka gaareen Porte waynna

The dagaalkii ugu horeeyay oo ka dhacay Strait Khiyos ku June 24, 1770 Maraakiibtan ayaa Turkish tirintii laba jeer size ee koox dad ah Ruushka ayaa sidoo kale waxa uu leeyahay meel wanaagsan istiraatiiji ah. Iyadoo ay taasi jirto, ka dib markii dagaal culus Turkigu gurteen in Chesma Bay, kaas oo waxaa loo tixgeliyaa inay ku dhowaad dhex milmin.

isla maalintaas, golaha milatariga ayaa go'aansaday in ay si toos ah u buuxi guuldaradii of raxan ka Turkish ee Cesme. Maraakiibta Ruush hor istaagay bixitaanka cidhiidhsan iyo tan iyo gacanka, oo dagaalkiina wuxuu ka bilaabay meel u dhow saqda dhexe, ka dib aqoonsan yahay mid ka mid ah ugu weyn ee taariikhda maraakiibta shiraaca.

Habeenka raxan Turkiga ayaa waxaa gabi ahaanba la burburiyay on 26 June, ka shaqaalaha maraakiibta iyo ciidankii ka soo cararay in Cesme Simurna. Wax ma ka mid ah in Europe lama filayo. In sharaf of liibaanta of raxan Ruushka ka dib waxaa lagu rakibay Chesme column rostral in Catherine Park ee Tsarskoye Selo.

Dhammaan ka qayb galayaasha in dagaalka caanka ah ee amarka Empress abaalmariyey bilado xusuus. In St. Petersburg, dhisay Chesma Palace iyo Kaniisadda, Gatchina rakibay obelisk, iyo in Tsarskoye Selo - column.

noocooda oo qaraami ah

Inkastoo Russia ahaa dagaal kula Boqortooyadii Cismaaniyadda, in Tsarskoye Selo, shaqo bilaabay on burburka park ee. Marka news ee guusha ee Cesme gaadhay St. Petersburg, Catherine II wakiishay dhise A. ku Rinaldi si ay u abuuraan column ah sida tiirarka rostral, samatabbixiyey ee Rome oo lagu sharfayo guushii ay ka gaareen qunsulka raxan Gayos Duilio ee Carthage.

Waxaa la go'aansaday in la dhiso taallo dhexe ee balli weyn qoday by maxaabiista Swedish dagaalka ka hor. Shaqada sii dhowr sano. Inta lagu jiro wakhtigan, waxaan bedeshay contours ee line xeebaha ee balli ah, inuu iyaga u dulmar ah ee Badda Aegean ka.

column Chesmenskaya waxaa la aasaasay on qofka design ansixiyey Catherine II. Empress wuxuu ahaa mid aan qaldo, oo haybad iyo waqti isku mid ah, wanaag joojiyey foomka hore ee taallo waa ugu fiican ee ku habboon si ay u muujiyaan liibaanta ee ciidamada badda ee Ruushka, Fundka natiijada dagaalka.

sharaxaad kooban

Chesme Column - shaqo ka mid ah naqshada Talyaaniga Antonio Rinaldi, waxaa lagu qabtay adeegga Ruush, iyo sculptor Ioganna Shvartsa, kuwaas oo abuuray taallo ee xubno naxaas ah: baqalyada, iyo Bas-reliefs.

sara The haysa dhagax adag biyaha la qaabeeya sida Ahraamta la keenin wax a, khaanadda aad isku - marmar Ural adag. Barakeeya taallo gorgorka naxaas ah, waxaa loogu talagalay Bisha Cas ee Turkiga. Dhinaca mid, waxaa astaan Russia guusha, iyo dhinaca kale ah - Tiri Orlov, Orlov helay xaq u leedahay in loogu yeedhi-Chesmensky.

On Rostra images gargaarka dareemi jilayaasha kala duwan ee bariga: duubka, horsetail, gilgisho, eebooyin, sabers Turkish, calammo sita. Naxaas Bas-reliefs ka go'an in ay saddexda dagaalo guul Badda Aegean ka, kuwaas oo sharaf iyo column Chesme lagu rakibay.

Taariikhda iyo bandhigaan

In 1996 waxaa lagu calaamadeeyay guuradii 300aad ee Naval Fleet reer Russia. Saddex qarniyo waxaa jiray waxyaabo badan oo waxaa helay guul qurux badan, oo ay ka mid yihiin dagaalka ee Badda Aegean dagaalkii ku Ruush-Turkish. Si aad u taariikhda this, waxaa la go'aamiyay in la soo celiyo oo naxaasta ahayd Bas-reliefs, hore qurxinay column Chesma.

Ka dib dagaalkii labaad ee dunida, qaar ka mid ah ayaa laga soo saaray balli weyn, taas oo ay sabab u tahay oo ka mid ah isku day falayaal ah naasiga qaadi taallo marmar ah. In 1994-1995. Kozenyuk sculptor V. leydin waxyaalaha maqan, oo maanta Chesme column u muuqataa mid ah sida wakhtigii Catherine Empress ah II, kuwaas oo ku amray in la abuuro badan bayna ahaayeen Taalladaas of raxan Ruushka.