Bulshada Social: ay qeexidda, qaab-dhismeedka, muhiimadda

sotsiokulturnuju Society dhigan tahay nidaam dhamaystiran oo ka kooban tiro badan oo ah hoosaadyo. Mid ka mid ah iyaga ka mid ah waa bulsho bulshada. beesha kasta oo ay tilmaamaysaa dadkii badnaa ka mid ah dadka qaba wax la mid ah (tusaale ahaan, danaha, hadafka ama gool). Dadka ayaa isugu iman in bulshada kasta, sida caadiga ah waxay leeyihiin fikrado la mid ah oo ku saabsan nolosha, play bulshada doorka bulshada la mid ah.

Sidaas daraaddeed, waxaan dhihi karaa in bulshada social - a collection of shaqsiyaadka aadanaha, midoobeen xaaladaha la midka ah ee nolosha, waxay leeyihiin dano isku mid ah, qiyamka, iyo waa ay ka warqabaan ay aqoonsi bulsho. The salaysan isu keenaya dadka noqon kara: in ay is dhexgalka dhow la leh kasta oo kale, hawlaha guud, wacyigelinta ee isku mid ah oo danaha, ay dhaqan u gaar ah, la aasaasay oo ku saleysan fikrado la mid ah oo ku saabsan ujeedada bulshada this, fikradaha moral, iwm, joogitaanka is-xukuumadda.

Tiro ka mid ah sociologists ayaa aaminsan in bulshooyinka bulshada iyo kooxaha kiisaska intooda badan ma degna kac. Mid ka mid ah fikirka ay asal ahaan soo jeediyay by American J. Homans, ayaa aaminsan in dadka midba midka kale ula falgalaan, isku dayaya in ay gaaraan gargaarka qaarkood. The more la taaban karo la siiyo lacagta, dadaalka dheeraad ah waxay u baahan tahay qof si aad u hesho u dhaw in ay dadka kale, waayo, kii lacagta taasuna waa wax la taaban karo. In la eego fudud, sida uu sheegay sociologist Maraykanka, dadka waa la isku raaciyaa si ay u sameeyaan bulshada iyo bulshada si loo gaaro hadafka ah qaarkood.

bulshada A bulshada noqon karaa ujeedada kale ee waxbarasho oo kala duwan, oo ay u sameeyaan views. Noocyada ururada sida dadka kala duwan ku salaysan soo socda:

- Time jiritaanka: ka dhowr daqiiqo (dhagaystayaasha shirka hall concert a) in ay qarniyo dhan (quruun si gooni gooni ah qaatay);

- ka kooban dadka ay dastuurka ka laba qof ilaa dhawr kun (xubnaha xisbiga gaar ah);

- xidhiidhada cufnaanta u dhexeeya wakiilada muhiimka ah ee si dhow kooxda midaysan (shaqaalaha xafiiska) si aad u amorphous, si dhib leh lalana qaababka (taageerayaasha kubadda cagta).

Sociologists waxaas oo kale la kala saaro sida bulshada bulsho mass, calaamadaha ee oo kala ah:

- xasilooni jiritaanka;

- heterogeneity ka kooban dadka ay dastuurka, ay adagtahay ee go'aaminta tirada saxda ah;

- hawlgalka ku salaysan waxqabad iyo ma jiri karo oo ka baxsan waxaa ka mid ah.

Tusaale ahaan, bulshada social mass keeni kara taageerayaasha ah xiddigaha pop qaarkood, taageerayaasha ciyaaraha, kooxda, xubno ka mid ah ururada kala duwan. Oo barbariyiintiina qabiilkii reer New Guinea, quruunta shaqsi, tartan, dad ka mid ah dibad dhow maamulka shirkadda ayaa sidoo kale bulshooyinka bulshada ballaaran.

meel gaar ah ayaa ka mid ah ururada kale qaadataa asalkiisa - a collection of dadka ku nool muddo dheer ku meel gaar ah, la dhaqan u gaar ah deggan, lagu gartaa is-miyir, in Dhawrsata oo ay ku kala duwan yihiin ka urur oo kale oo la mid. bulshada Ethnic waxaa la aasaasay, sida caadiga ah, iyadoo ay ku saleysan degaanka dalka guud ahaan nolosha, la abuuro dhammaan shuruudaha lagama maarmaanka u ah is dhexgalka aadanaha kasta oo kale. Dheeraad ah, marka sida qowmiyadda beesha bulshada horey u aasaasay, feature uu noqdo of muhiimadda ay leedahay dugsiga sare, ama xitaa lumin ay muhiimada. Dadka isu aqoonsadaan sida qowmiyad gaar ah, wuxuu ku noolaan karaa geesood kala duwan ee Dhulka iyo, waqti isku mid ah, soo xusuuso, oo cisaynayaa dhaqanka kooxda ay qowmiyadaha, aasaasay si ay ugu dabaal fasaxa iyo ay u hoggaansamaan sharciyada qaar ka mid ah dhaqanka.

Bulsheed qofka waa wax aan macquul aheyn oo aan is dhexgalka xubnaha kale ee tartanka aadanaha. Mid kasta oo inaga mid ah ee kala duwan, ma aha ka tirsan mid ka mid ah, laakiin dhowr bulshooyinka bulshada. Ninka ka baxsan bulshada joogsanayo si ay u dareemaan sida nin, uu noqonayaa la nacay.